MUSIC TECHNOLOGYTHE DECADES

1880 – 1940s TECHNOLOGY

1880 – 1940s TECHNOLOGY

1890 - 1920

RAGTIME

■ Piano music – SYNCOPATED right hand

VAMP left hand

Think of silent movies!!

MAPLE LEAF RAG – SCOTT JOPLIN

Concepts

■ Syncopation - Strongly accented notes playing off or against the beat. Syncopation

occurs in all kinds of music

SYNCOPATION

■ Vamp - A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord

off the beat. Usually played on piano or guitar.

1890 - 1920

BLUES

■ Guitar/vocals/harmonica - Sad sounding

12 Bar Blues

Syncopation

■ Lyrics tend to relate to the troubles experienced in African-American society e.g. slavery

Delta Blues – Muddy Waters

1900 - present

Jazz Music

■ Early jazz bands had only 5/6 players

■ uses improvisation

■ syncopation and different rhythms all playing together

■ Vocals often feature SCAT SINGING

■ Took ideas from blues music as well as African and European music.

Livery Stable Blues –

Original Dixieland Band

Herbie Hancock –

Watermelon Man

Concepts

■ Scat singing – Nonsense words, syllables and sounds are improvised (made up) by

the singer

■ Improvising - The performer makes up music during the actual performance. They

don’t have the melody written down to help, although there may be suggested

chords as a guide

1920 - present

Country Music

Developed in Southern States of America

Incorporates elements of Blues/folk music

Uses Guitar, Bass, Vocals, keyboards & drum kit

Early Country Music

Later Country Music

1930s – 1940s

Swing Music

Development of Jazz led to ‘big bands’ in 1930s

Swing Music had 30-40 players including trumpet,

trombone and saxophones

Bands frequently played in dance halls

Glenn Miller – Little Brown Jug

1950s TECHNOLOGY

1950s

Skiffle

■ Skiffle music used homemade instruments such as

washboards

■ Also featured guitar, fiddle and voice

■ Took influence from blues, folk and country music

Skiffle Music

1950s

Rock n Roll

■ 1950s American music which grew from the

combined styles of jazz, blues, gospel and country.

■ The main exponents of rock 'n' roll were Elvis

Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis and Chuck Berry.

■ This style featured a Walking bass line, where the

bass would move on every beatChuck Berry – Rock n Roll Music

1960s TECHNOLOGY

1960s

60s Pop

■ Music popular in the 1960s which paved the way for,

and greatly influenced, the development

of pop music.

■ Acts such as The Beatles, The Rolling Stones and

The Animals are pop acts from the 1960s.

The Animals – house of the

rising sun

1970s

Rock Music

■ A style of popular music with a heavy, driving beat. Usually features distorted electric guitar, bass guitar and drum kit.

■ Popular rock acts include Black Sabbath, Led Zepplin, AC/DC, the Rolling Stones, Deep Purple and Iron Maiden

AC/DC - Thunderstruck

1970s

Disco

■ It usually consisted of a 'four to the floor' beat,

■ Latterly often used a synthesiser to provide bass

lines such as in the Donna Summer's track 'I feel

love'.

■ It was music to dance to!

Donna Summer – I feel love

1970s

PUNK

■ Punk was a rebellion against the poor economy and high unemployment rates.

■ The music was loud and energetic, and often carried a political message.

■ It tended to have a live, raw sound with very little effects

■ Artists include The Clash and the Sex Pistols.

Sex Pistols – God Save the Queen

1970s - 1980s TECHNOLOGY

1980s

Synth Pop

■ The style of music in which the synthesiser was central to the sound of the production.

■ The style was popularised in the 1980s with bands such as Duran Duran, Ultravox, Erasure etc.

■ Synth Pop has a very electronic sound to it – the vocals also tend to have effects.

New Order – Blue Monday

1990s TECHNOLOGY

1990s

Hip-Hop

■ The roots of hip hop can be traced back to the 1970s but it fully developed in the 1990s.

■ As a style its development coincided with the development of the early drum machines such as the TR 808.

■ There was also extensive use made of turntables incorporating beat-matching.

■ Vocals also started to be added to the textures in the form of rapping.

Coolio – Gangster’s Paradise

1990s

Electronic Dance Music (EDM)

■ It is normally heard in clubs where the DJ combines tracks electronically into one smooth mix.

■ Electronic dance music originally featured drum machines, synthesisers and sequencers but is currently now mostly produced using computers and software that contains sampling, effects, and multitrack recording features.

■ Electronic music can encompass music of different genres including house music, dubstep, drum and bass.

Darude - Sandstorm

Other styles

Musicals

■ A musical play which has speaking, singing and

dancing, which tells a story and is performed on a

stage.

■ Musicals usually have a band or orchestra

accompanying the many songs featured.

Best Musicals

Other styles

Celtic Rock

■ A style of music that mixes Celtic folk music and rock

together.

■ It will include guitar, bass and drum kit along with

instruments such as bagpipes or fiddle

The Sidh - Iridium

Melodic & Harmonic Concepts

■ Major – bright/happy

■ Minor – dark/sad

■ Change of Key – a move from one key to another

■ Broken chord

■ Pedal

■ Scale

■ Octave

Major/minor video

Key changes video

Example of Pedal on guitar

Rhythmic Concepts

■ 2, 3 or 4 Beats in the bar

■ Anacrusis

■ Syncopation

■ Accelerando

■ Rallentando

Texture/Structure/Form Concepts

■ Riff/Ostinato

■ Binary (AB)

■ Ternary (ABA)

■ Verse & Chorus

■ Middle 8

■ Imitation

■ Instrumental Break

■ Coda

■ Walking Bass

■ Homophonic

■ Polyphonic

Timbre/Dynamics

■ Woodwind Instruments – flute, clarinet, oboe, bassoon & saxophone

■ Brass instruments – Trumpet, French Horn, Trombone & Tuba

■ String Instruments – Violin, Viola, Cello & Double Bass

■ Percussion Instruments – e.g. drum kit, triangle, glockenspiel, timpani, xylophone

■ Distortion

■ Muted

■ S.A.T.B

■ Backing Vocals

■ Arco

■ Pizzicato