Mushroom Polysaccharide1

8/3/2019 Mushroom Polysaccharide1

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monosaccharide oligosaccharide polysaccharide

Can not be hydrolyzed

Ex.: glucose, mannose

On hydrolysis yield

2-10 monosaccharides

Ex.:lactose, sacrose

On hydrolysis yield

more than 10

monosaccharides

They are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or their derivatives.

They also called saccharides and classified to


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Very important as they perform several

biological function.

Also called non sugarswith general formula

Cx(H2O)y

Based on the composition they are classified :

Homopolysaccharides Heteroopolysaccharides

composed of single type of

monosaccharide

Ex.: Glycogen, Starch,

Cellulose

Composed of more than one typeof monosaccharide

EX.:hyaluronic acid, dermatan

sulpfate


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Based on the function they are classified into :

Storage

polysaccharides

Structural

polysaccharides

Help in storing food materials in

plant & animals

Ex: starch , glycogen

Help in maintaining

mechanical shape & rigidityof cells

Ex.: cellulose , chitin


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Mushrooms belong to the Fungi group .

They are fleshy plants that grow from decaying materials.

they cannot produce their own food because they do not

have chlorophyll.

Mushrooms have been valued throughout the world as

both food and medicine for thousands of years.

Its one of the healthiest food the fats in it mostly is

unsaturated fatty acid which help in lower the cholesterol

level.


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1. Polysaccharide : (major component)

2. Terpenes , triterpenoids

3. Steroids , ergosterols

4. Protiens , vitamins(vit.B2 , vit. D)

5. Saturated fatty acids : linolenic acid

6. Minerals (magnesium, calcium, potassium )


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Most mushroom polysaccharides are belonging to:

Lentinan structure

-glucans composed of D-glucose monomers

linked by -glycosidic linkage:

-(1-3) in the main chain ,-(1-6) as branching point


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Mushroom origin % of

polysaccharide

Maitake Grifola Frondosa 30%

Shiitake Lentinula edodes 30% LentinanReishi Ganoderma

lucidum30% Ganoderan

Yun-zhi Coriolus versicolor 30%

Oyster Pleurotusostreatus

25%

Brazil

mushroo

m

Agaricus blazei

Murrill40%


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Mushroom have no immune system and must create andsecrete antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic

compounds to survive.

Mushroom polysaccharides have the ability to power up

the immune system, strengthening its ability to fight infection and

disease

Examples :

Schizophyllan streptoccocus sp.

Psk E.coli

Effective against


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Polysaccharides present in mushrooms such as lentinan and

beta-glucan have been shown to shrink tumors and fight against

a range of cancers .

Polysaccharides from mushrooms do not attack cancer cells

directly, but produce their antitumor effects by activating

different immune responses in the host.

Their activity is especially beneficial in clinics when used in

conjunction with chemotherapy.

Most of the clinical evidence for antitumor activity comes from

the commercial polysaccharides lentinan, krestin, and

schizophyllan.


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Research shows that a high-molecular

polysaccharide present in maitake mushroom called the

X-fraction could help to regulate blood glucose levels,

thereby helping to improve diabetes symptoms.

Researchers suggest that this X-fraction can

reduce insulin resistance, by increasing insulin

sensitivity.


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some mushrooms contain a compound called

Eritadenine which has an ability to reduce blood

cholesterol levels

As it contains polysaccharides and large amount of

potassium .

It contain ergothioneine which is necessary for healthy eyes,

liver and kidney.


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Ganoderma lucidum

It is rare and hard to find in nature in China

and Japan , is now commonly cultured. It

can be cultured on logs that are buried in

shady, moist areas.


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G. lucidum is of particular interest because it has been

portrayed as a "fix-it-all" herbal remedy for maladies such

as:

Cancer low blood pressure

high blood pressure

diabetes

Rheumatism

heart problems

Asthma

Tiredness

hepatitisA, B, and CInsomnia

Sterility

Epilepsy

alcoholism.

Paralysis

Ulcers


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Its a genus of parasitic and saprobic mushroom

characterized by unique look like sea spong or a brain

Sparassis crispa

Korea,Japan ,USA and Australia.

Has anti-tumour properties

It containpolysaccharides which stimulate the

immune system and inhibit growth of the 'superbug'

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus).


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Agaricus blazei

Brazil

Have the more potent anticarcinogenic

activity,inhibiting growth of tumor cells and

absorbing the carcinogen , due to its major activecomponent (-glucan polysaccharides).

It promote vital energy of human , blood-glucose

and have blood cholesterol depressing activity.

Improve atherosclerosis.


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All these Benefits of mushroom lead us to

consider it as " a treasure trove of bioactive

compounds

due to its amazing components and their Great

influence on human body as it support some of

the major systems of the body, including nervous

hormonal and immune systems as well asregulatory functions.

It is a natural tonic, its activity is normally

comprehensive, they showed the roles of

nourishing and strengthening the organism,

improving the resistance and anti-senile activity.

Also mushroom polysaccharides appear to be

well tolerated and compatible with chemotherapy

and radiation therapy .


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1. Marina Adel Gaber

2. Marina Atef Kadees

3. Marina Emad Dawood

4. Marina Medhat Nadi

5. Marina Mamdouh Foad

6. Marina Nabil tawfik

7. Marina Nabil Fahmy

8. Mario Maged Shahed

9. Mario Mohey Kameel

10.Mazen Nagy Faheem

11.Michael Ghobrial Beshay

12.Michael MaherBotros


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Mushroom Polysaccharide1

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