MusculoSkeletal System
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Assessment of Musculoskeletal function Anatomic and physiologic overview The musculoskeletal system includes the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bursae of the body. The bony structure provides protection for vital organs, including the brain, heart, and lungs. The bony skeleton provides a sturdy framework to support body structures. The bone matrix stores calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and fluoride. The red bone marrow located within bone cavities produces red and white blood cells in a process called hematopoiesis. Joints hold the bones together and allow the body to move. The muscles attached to the skeleton contract, moving the bones and producing heat, which helps to maintain body temperature. Structure and function of the skeletal system There are 206 bones in the human body, divided into four categories: Long bones (femur) Short bones (metacarpals) Flat bones (sternum) Irregular bones (vertebrae) Bones are constructed of cancellous (trabecular) or cortical (compact) bone tissue. Diaphysis – shaft of long bones Epiphysis – ends of long bones Epiphyseal plate – separates the epiphyses from the diaphysis and is the center for longitudinal growth in children.
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musculoskeletal system lecture guide
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