Muscles moving the upper extremities
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Transcript of Muscles moving the upper extremities
MUSCLES MOVING THE UPPER
EXTREMITIES
Muscles that move the Humerus
Pectoralis major
Action: Flexes, adducts and
rotates arm medially at shoulder
Origin: Clavicle, sternum,
costal cartilage of upper ribs
Insertion: Humerus-greater
tubercle
Latissimus dorsi
Action: Extends, adducts and
rotates humerus medially, retracts the shoulder (swimmers muscle)
Origin: Spine of sacral lumbar
and lower thoracic vertebra. Iliac crest, and bottom 4 ribs.
Insertion: Intertubercular groove of
the humerus.
Deltoid Action:
Flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm.
Origin: acromian process,
spine of scapula, clavicle
Insertion: Deltoid tuberocity of
the humerous
Supraspinatus
Action: Abducts arm
Origin : Supraspinous
fossa of scapula Insertion:
Greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus
Action: Adducts and
laterally rotates arm Origin:
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of
humerus
Teres minor Action:
Adducts and laterally rotates arm
Origin: upper lateral
border of scapula Insertion:
Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres major Action:
Medially rotates and adducts arm
Origin: Inferior angle and
lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Crest of lesser
tubercle of the humerus
Muscles that act on the forearm
Triceps brachii Action:
Extend forearm Origin:
Long head-infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Lateral Head-posterior surface above radial groove.
Middle Head-posterior humerous below radial groove.
Insertion: Olecranon process of the
Ulna
Pass, Fail, Pass, Fail Pronator Teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris
Pronator Teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
THE 3 B’S THAT BEND THE ELBOW:
Biceps brachii, Brachioradialis, Brachialis
Biceps brachii Action:
Flex and supinate the forearm
Origin: Short head- goes to
the corocoid process of scapula
Long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Insertion: radiotuberocity and
fascia of forearm
Brachioradialis
Action: Flexes forearm
Origin: lateral
supercondylar ridge of humerus.
Insertion: Styloid process of
radius
Brachialis Action:
Flexes forearm Origin:
The distal anterior surface of the humerus.
Insertion: The coronoid
process of the ulna
Pronators and SupinatorPronators
Pronator Quadratus Action: Pronates the hand Origin: the distal 4th of the ulna Insertion: distal 4th of the radius
Pronator Teres Action: Pronates forearm Origin: the medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid
process of the ulna Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius.
Pronators
Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus
Supinator Action:
Supinates forearm
Origin: the laterally
epicondyle of the humerous and crest of the ulna.
Insertion: Lateral surface of
the proximal 3rd of the radius
MUSCLES THAT MOVE WRIST, HAND AND DIGITS
Palmar Interosseous muscles
Action: Adduct digits 2,4
and 5 Origin:
palmar surface of metacarpals 2,4,5
Insertion: sides of proximal
phalange bases for fingers 2,4,5
Dorsal Interosseous Muscles
Action: Abduct digits 2-4
Origin: adjacent sides of
metacarpal bones. Insertion:
dorsal tendons on fingers 2-5
Thenar Group
• Flexor pollicis brevis• Opponens pollicis • Abductor pollicis brevis
Actions: Flexes thumb
Abducts thumb Opposition of thumb
Don’t need to know origins/insertions
Hypothenar Group
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Actions: Flexes finger 5 Abducts pinky
Opposition of pinkyDon’t need to know origins/insertions