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Muscle of the Thorax and Abdomen

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Determine the anatomical movements indicated in the diagrams

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Pectoantebrachialis (not in humans) Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Xiphihumeralis (not in humans)

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NO HUMAN HOMOLOG Origin: manubrium (sternum) Insertion: fascia of forelimb near elbow Action: rotates forelimb and draws limb toward chest (adduction)

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Origin: Clavicle, sternum, ribs 1-6 Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: rotate forelimb and draw toward chest (adduction)

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Origin: Sternum (xiphoid process) Insertion: Proximal half of humerus Action: Rotate forelimb and draw toward chest (adduction)

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NO HUMAN HOMOLOG Origin: Sternum (xiphoid process) Insertion: By narrow tendon near proximal end of humerus Action: Rotate forelimb and draw towards chest (adduction)

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Lattisimus dorsi External obliques Rectus abdominus

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Largest muscle of the back Origin: Last 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest Insertion: Intertubercular groove (humerus) Action: Pulls forelimb dorsocaudally

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Largest muscle of the back Origin: Last 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest Insertion: Intertubercular groove (humerus) Action: Pulls forelimb dorsocaudally

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Paired superficial muscles that make up the lateral walls of the abdomen Origin: Lower ribs Insertion: Iliac crest Action: Trunk movement flexion, ab compression, lateral rotation

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Paired muscles deep to the external obliques Origin: Iliac crest Insertion: Last three ribs Action: Same as external obliques

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Most superficial muscles of the abdomen; largest muscle of the abdomen Origin: pubis Insertion: Xiphoid process, Rib cage Action: Flex the vertebral column

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Biology corner Human Muscles Pectoantebrachialis Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Xiphihumeralis Lattisimus dorsi External obliques Rectus abdominus

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Biology corner Human Muscles Teres Major Pectoralis Major Latissimus dorsi Serratus anterior External obliques Rectus abdominus

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Muscle of the shoulder and upper forelimb

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Trapezius in humans Region: shoulder Action: pulls clavicle forward and upward, draws the scapula dorsally; allows forward extension of the humerus Antagonists: rotator cuff, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, subscapularis Origin: Insertion:

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Deltoid in Humans Location: Shoulder Action: forward extension of the humerus, flexes the elbos Antagonists: rotator cuff, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, subscapularis Origin: Insertion:

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Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Muscle of the Shoulder and Forelimb: VENTRAL

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Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Longus/brevis Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Communis/lateralis Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Muscle of the Shoulder and Forelimb: DORSAL

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Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Muscle of the Head and Neck

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Action: Origin: Insertion:

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Sternomastoid/cleidomastoid Action: Origin: Insertion: