Musc Action Flashcards

7/29/2019 Musc Action Flashcards

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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Origins and Insertions

Intended for entry level anatomy students


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ntended to be viewed as full-screen.

elect full-screen, and use Page Down to scroll through individual flashcards !


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Note: Learn origins and insertions of each muscle well.

This is why the bony landmarks are so important.

Do not memorize the function of muscles !

Muscles contract only linearly.

Thus, to know the origin and insertion of a muscle is to know the function.


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Note: Every muscle has a multitude of actions.Listed are the primary actions of each muscle !


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Presented in Three Parts:

I Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen

II Muscles of the upper extremity

III Muscles of the lower extremity


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Each card is a set of three:

The first asks to identify the muscle.The next provides the clues.

The third gives the name of the muscle.


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1. Identify this muscle and its action !


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Origin: margin of the orbit

Insertion: eyelid & skin of face

Action: closes eye, blink

Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

Orbicularis Oculi


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Origin: Maxilla and mandible

Insertion: Fibers of the lips

Action: Compresses lips

Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)

Orbicularis oris


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Origin: Zygomatic bone

Insertion: mandible

Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (mastication)

Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)


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Origin: Zygomatic bone

Insertion: mandible

Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (mastication)

Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

Masseter


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Origin: manubrium and clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)

Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)


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Origin: manubrium and clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)


Sternocleidomastoid


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Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest

Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible

Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck bydrawing it superiorly

Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)


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Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest

Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible

Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck bydrawing it superiorly

Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Platysma


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Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib

Action: Elevates ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves


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Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib

Action: Elevates ribs


Hint: External intercostals run in the same direction as your fingers when you putyour hands in your pockets

External Intercostals


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Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib

Action: Depresses ribs



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Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib

Action: Depresses ribs


Hint: Internal intercostals run in the direction that your fingers run when you place yourhands on your heart (i.e. deep and perpendicular to external intercostal muscles)

Internal Intercostals


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Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage

Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.

Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.

Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)



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Respiratory Diaphragm

Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage

Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.

Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.

Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)



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9 Identify this muscle and its action !


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Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest

Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen


Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers runwhen you put your hands in your pockets.



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Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest



Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers runwhen you put your hands in your pockets.

External Oblique Abdominus


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Origin: Pubis

Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process




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Origin: Pubis

Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process



Rectus abdominus


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Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle and scapula

Action: elevation of scapulae



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Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle and scapula

Action: elevation of scapulae


Trapezius


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Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs

Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle (humerus

(common insertion with teres major muscle).

Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder

Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)


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Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs

Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle of humerus

(common insertion with teres major muscle).

Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder

Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)

Latissimus dorsi


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Anterior view

I13. Identify this muscle and its action !


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Anterior view


Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)

Action: Medial rotation of shoulder

Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus


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Anterior view


Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)

Action: Medial rotation of arm at shoulder

Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus

Subscapularis(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)


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Anterior view

posterior view



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Anterior view

posterior view


Origin: Supraspinous fossa

Insertion: Greater tubercle

Action: abduct arm at shoulder

Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus


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Anterior view

posterior view


Origin: Supraspinous fossa

Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)

Action: abduct arm at shoulder


Supraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)


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Anterior view

posterior view


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Anterior view

posterior view

Origin: Infraspinous fossa


Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder



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Anterior view

posterior view


Origin: Infraspinous fossa


Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder


Infraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)

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posterior view


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posterior view


Origin: lateral border of scapula


Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder

Innervation: Axillary nerve



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posterior view


Origin: lateral border of scapula


Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Teres Minor(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)



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Anterior view

posterior view




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Anterior view

posterior view


Origin: clavicle and scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)

Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder

(similar to supraspinatus)

Innervation: Axillar nerve



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Anterior view

posterior view


Origin: clavicle and scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)

Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder

(similar to supraspinatus)

Innervation: Axillar nerve

Deltoid



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Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum


Action: flex arm at shoulder

Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)



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Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum


Action: flex arm at shoulder

Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)

Pectoralis major



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Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)

Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow

(a two-joint muscle)

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve



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Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)

Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow

(a two-joint muscle)

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

Biceps brachii



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Anterior view

Posterior view


Anterior viewPosterior view



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Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus

Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus

Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)

Action: Extend forearm at elbow

Innervation: Radial nerve

Anterior viewPosterior view



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Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus

Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus

Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)

Action: Extend forearm at elbow

Innervation: Radial nerve

Triceps brachii



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Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal

Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist

Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the

Radial Nerve



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Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal

Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist

Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the

Radial Nerve

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris


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Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals

Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist

Innervation: Median Nerve



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Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals

Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist

Innervation: Median Nerve

Flexor Carpi Radialis


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Posterior view



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Posterior view Origin: iliac crest, sacrum

Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera

Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve


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Origin: iliac crest

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve


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Origin: Lateral surface of ilium


Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip




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Origin: Lateral surface of ilium


Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip


Gluteus Minimus



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Posterior view



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Posterior view Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia

Action: flex leg at knee

Innervation: Tibial nerve


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Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia,

via pes anserinus



Semitendinosus



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Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia





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Origin: ischial tuberosity




Biceps Femoris, Long-Head



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Origin: linea aspera



Innervation: common fibular nerve

Biceps Femoris, Short-Head


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Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,

via pes anserinus

Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee

Innervation: Femoral nerve



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Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,

via pes anserinus

Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee


Sartorius



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Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar

ligament, part of quadriceps femoris

Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at

knee


Rectus Femoris



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Origin: Greater trochanter



Action: Extend leg at knee



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Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur







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Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur





VastusIntermedius



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Origin: Femoral condyles

Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon

Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle




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Origin: Femoral condyles

Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon

Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle


Gastrocnemius



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Origin: tibia

Insertion: 1st metatarsal

Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Tibialis Anterior

Structures that you should study!


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Structures that you should study!

Flexor and extensor retinacula (of wrist and ankle)Without these, muscle tendons would bow -string and

make it very difficult to perform their function.


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Musc Action Flashcards

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