MUS1100 Exploring Music

World MusicSemester 1, 2006

Music of Indonesiawith

Dr. Made Mantle Hood

Today’s LectureToday’s Lecture

Part I. Historical backgroundPartII. West SumatraPart III. Central JavaPart IV. Bali

Part I. Historical backgroundPartII. West SumatraPart III. Central JavaPart IV. Bali

www.cnn.com/.../ map.indonesia.jakarta.gif

Gong-chime CulturesHistorical Background:Gong-chime CulturesHistorical Background:

8th Cen. Borobudur Budhist monument base reliefs of instruments

13-16th Majahpahit Hindu Javanese Empire Court Arts, music and dance for the god-king

16-19th Cen. Islamic domination and Dutch colonies

20th Cen. Island archipelago unified as Indonesia

8th Cen. Borobudur Budhist monument base reliefs of instruments

13-16th Majahpahit Hindu Javanese Empire Court Arts, music and dance for the god-king

16-19th Cen. Islamic domination and Dutch colonies

20th Cen. Island archipelago unified as Indonesia

West Sumatra:West Sumatra:

Minangkabau Peoplehighlands utilize small gongs and

percussion in an orchestra called talempong

Talempong - four small knobbed kettlegongs played by two to four players accompanied by drums called gandang

Gandang - double headed conical drums

Minangkabau Peoplehighlands utilize small gongs and

percussion in an orchestra called talempong

Talempong - four small knobbed kettlegongs played by two to four players accompanied by drums called gandang

Gandang - double headed conical drums

Musical example: Musical example:

Trk 2Talipuak Kampai Talempong Sikatuntuang Bunga Setangkai

Played by group of elderly women from Padang Alai. Six talempong played by four players, two-headed drum played with stick

and hand.Music of Indonesia Vol. 12 – Gongs and Vocal Music from Sumatra.

Smithsonian Folkways, 1996 CD2596

Trk 2Talipuak Kampai Talempong Sikatuntuang Bunga Setangkai

Played by group of elderly women from Padang Alai. Six talempong played by four players, two-headed drum played with stick

and hand.Music of Indonesia Vol. 12 – Gongs and Vocal Music from Sumatra.

Smithsonian Folkways, 1996 CD2596

(Kartomi 1983: 117)

(Kartomi 1983: 117)

Tari Piring - ‘plate dance’Tari Piring - ‘plate dance’

Central Java:Central Java:

Gamelan - large percussion orchestra of bronze gongs, drums, string instruments and flutes.

50 to 60 musicians/singersFour instrument groups

1. gongs2. metallophones3. melodic instruments4. percussion

Gamelan - large percussion orchestra of bronze gongs, drums, string instruments and flutes.

50 to 60 musicians/singersFour instrument groups

1. gongs2. metallophones3. melodic instruments4. percussion

Gongs:Gongs:

Gong Ageng - the largest bronze gong, 1 meter in diameter, revered for its sonic/spiritual power

Kempul - smaller tuned gongs that punctuate melody

Gong Ageng - the largest bronze gong, 1 meter in diameter, revered for its sonic/spiritual power

Kempul - smaller tuned gongs that punctuate melody

Metallophones:Metallophones: Saron - single octave set of thick bronze slabs

suspended over a single trough resonator. Played with hard wooden mallet.

Three octaves:demung - lowbarung - middlepeking - high

Gender - multi-octave thin bronze keys with individual bamboo resonators. Played with two padded disc mallets and acts as melodic leader.

Saron - single octave set of thick bronze slabs suspended over a single trough resonator. Played with hard wooden mallet.

Three octaves:demung - lowbarung - middlepeking - high

Gender - multi-octave thin bronze keys with individual bamboo resonators. Played with two padded disc mallets and acts as melodic leader.

Java Listening Example:

Java Listening Example:

Trk 6 Lancaran Manyar Sewu Sl. Manyura From: Original Javanese Music: Wedding and

Welcome ceremony Vol. 3Keraton Records 1991, CD 193.

Trk 6 Lancaran Manyar Sewu Sl. Manyura From: Original Javanese Music: Wedding and

Welcome ceremony Vol. 3Keraton Records 1991, CD 193.

Central Javanese GamelanCentral Javanese Gamelan

(Kartomi 1983:3122)

(Kartomi 1983:3122)

Performance ContextPerformance Context

Wayang Kulit - shadow puppet theatre- stories from the Indian epics Mahabharata and

Ramayana- Dhalang or pupperteer directs orchestra, operates

puppest, sing spoetry, speaks dialog for all characters

- -typical performance lasts from 9pm to 6am- For wedding, circumcisions, festivals of the royal

court of Yogya and Solo

Wayang Kulit - shadow puppet theatre- stories from the Indian epics Mahabharata and

Ramayana- Dhalang or pupperteer directs orchestra, operates

puppest, sing spoetry, speaks dialog for all characters

- -typical performance lasts from 9pm to 6am- For wedding, circumcisions, festivals of the royal

court of Yogya and Solo

Bali: the gamelan gong gede

Bali: the gamelan gong gede

Gong kebyar video ‘Festival 2004 Composed by Nyoman Winda“Lekesan”Flashy music and costumes ina virtuosic style

Map of Bali

Map of Bali

Metallophones

Metallophones

The three octaves of the gangsa family

The three octaves of the gangsa family

SummarySummary Bronze instruments form a major part of traditional and contemporary Indonesian musical identity.

Gamelan in its various forms from Sumatra, Java and Bali are instruments essential to the music of Indonesia

Bronze instruments form a major part of traditional and contemporary Indonesian musical identity.

Gamelan in its various forms from Sumatra, Java and Bali are instruments essential to the music of Indonesia