MUNICIPALITY OF SAN VICENTE ECAN ZONES

MANAGEMENT PLAN

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MUNICIPALITY OF SAN VICENTE ECAN ZONES

MANAGEMENT PLAN

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COVER PAGE i LEAF PAGE ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF ANNEXES viii LIST OF ACRONYMS ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope of the ECAN Zoning Plan 1 1.2 Target Users of the ECAN Zoning Plan 1 1.3 Legal Bases of the ECAN Zoning Plan 1 1.4 Existing Land Use Planning and Regulatory Frameworks in Palawan 4 2 MUNICIPAL PROFILE 5 2.1 Geographic Location and Area 5 2.2 Physical Environment 6 2.3 Biological Environment 13 2.4 Socioeconomic Profile 16 2.5 Land and Water Use Profile 23 2.6 Ecological Footprint 30 3 THE ECAN ZONING STRATEGY 33 3.1 The ECAN Zones as a Management Unit 33 3.2 Components of the ECAN Zones 34 3.3 Criteria and Parameters in the Delineation of the ECAN Zones 35 3.4 Allowable Activities in the ECAN Zones 38 3.5 Delineation of the ECAN Zones Using GIS 40 4 MAJOR STEPS IN THE ECAN ZONING PLAN PREPARATION 41 4.1 The ECAN Zones Management Planning Process 41 4.2 A Guide in the Development of a Detailed ECAN Zoning Plan 42 5 INTEGRATED THREATS ANALYSIS 55 5.1 Objectives of Threats Analysis 55 5.2 Framework of Integrated Threats Analysis 55 5.3 Methods 56 5.4 Results and Discussion 57 5.5 Current Initiatives In Environmental Governance 64 5.6 Opportunities 67 6 THE ECAN ZONES MANAGEMENT PLAN 69 6.1 Goals and Objectives of the ECAN Zones Management Plan 69 6.2 The ECAN Zones of San Vicente Municipality 69 6.3 Ridge-to-Reef ECAN Management Framework and Land/Water Use Strategies 71 6.4 ECAN Zones Management Guidelines 72 6.5 Special Management Areas 84 6.6 ECAN Management Program (2015 - 2020) 85 7 ADMINISTRATION OF THE ECAN ZONING PLAN 105 7.1 Administrator and Implementer of the ECAN Zoning Plan 105 7.3 Possible Sources of Funds 107

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7.4 Monitoring and Evaluation 109 Literature Cited 110 ANNEXES 112

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Sections of PCSD Resolution 05-250 related to the ECAN Zoning Plan 1

Table 2. Laws and issuances related to local land use and development planning 3 Table 3. Territorial jurisdiction and areas covered 6 Table 4. Slope Classes and Area Coverage 6

Table 5. Slope Classes per Barangay 6

Table 6. LMU Categories, Municipality of San Vicente 9

Table 7. Soil Type-Land Suitability and Capability Matrix 10 Table 8. Rainfall Data of San Vicente, Palawan, 1998, 1999, 2011 and 2012 11 Table 9. 2005 and 1992 Land Cover of the Municipality 14

Table 10. Municipal Forest and Forestland Allocation 14 Table 11. Biodiversity Indices per Barangay 15 Table 12. Population Statistics of the Municipality 16

Table 13. Workforce Inventory and Employment per Barangay 16

Table 14. Economic Activity in the Municipality 17

Table 15. Summary of Medical Personnel 17 Table 16. Leading Causes of Morbidity 18

Table 17. Leading Causes of Mortality 18 Table 18. Literacy Rate of the Municipality 19

Table 19. Tenure Status of Land 19 Table 20. Tourism Cluster of the Municipality 20 Table 21. Tourist Arrival in the Municipality 20

Table 22. Existing Roads of the Municipality 22

Table 23. Extent of land classification of San Vicente 24 Table 24. Land Cover of 2005 24

Table 25. Forest Land Use 25 Table 26. San Vicente Barangays and Land Area Covered under the Malampaya Sound Protected Landscape and Seascape

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Table 27. Ecological Footprint of San Vicente Municipality 31

Table 28. Parameters and criteria in the delineation of terrestrial ECAN Zones 35 Table 29. Parameters and criteria in delineating coastal/marine ECAN Zones 36 Table 30. Activities allowed in the ECAN Zones 38

Table 31. Spatial and non-spatial data sources related to ECAN mapping 40 Table 32. Data requirements for ECAN zones management planning 40 Table 33. NIPAS areas of Palawan Province 45

Table 34. Thematic planning modules for use in ECAN planning 46

Table 35. A sector-based list of spatial data needs for sustainable development planning 47 Table 36. Sample log frame for the forestry sector 50 Table 37. Sample core themes for sustainable development planning 50 Table 38. Possible sustainability criteria for projects in Palawan 51 Table 39. Possible courses of action in the forest and biodiversity sector 52 Table 40. Possible courses of action in the municipality 54 Table 41. Major steps of threats and solutions analysis 57 Table 42. Potential impacts of climate change in San Vicente Municipality 63

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Table 43. Extent of ECAN zones of San Vicente, Palawan 71 Table 44. Ridge-to-reef management framework of ECAN zones 71 Table 45. Recommended strategies to address general threats to sustainable development of ECAN zones

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Table 46. ECAN zones management goals and framework applicable to San Vicente Municipality

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Table 47. Activities allowed in the ECAN zones 76 Table 48. The major issues of San Vicente and the ECAN Management Program components that address them

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Table 49. ECAN Components and Sustainable Management Actions for identified threats/ issues/ problems identified in San Vicente Municipality

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Table 50. Initial action plan on climate change adaptation and disaster risk management 103 Table 51. Potential foreign funding organizations 108

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Hierarchy and linkages of plans 4 Figure 2. Location Map of San Vicente Municipality 5 Figure 3. Slope Map of San Vicente 8 Figure 4. Land Management Unit Map of San Vicente Municipality 9 Figure 5. Landslide Susceptibility Map of San Vicente Municipality 12 Figure 6. Flood Susceptibility Map of San Vicente Municipality 13 Figure 7. 1998-2013 Tourist arrival in the Municipality 21 Figure 8. Land Classification Map of the Municipality 24 Figure 9. Map of Brgy. Watersheds 26 Figure 10. Land Uses with Corresponding Tenurial Instruments 27 Figure 11. Land Use Plan 28 Figure 12. Port Barton Marine Park, Brgy. Port Barton 29 Figure 13. Leased Pearl Farms and Mariculture Areas 30 Figure 14. Terrestrial ECAN Zones map of Palawan Province 34 Figure 15. Palawan Tribal Ancestral Zones (TAZ) proclaimed by PCSD 44 Figure 16. A proposed general model of a sustainable development project 56 Figure 17. Interrelationships of Threats in San Vicente Municipality 59 Figure 18. Adopted ECAN Map of San Vicente, Palawan 70 Figure 19. The positive reinforcing outcomes of SEP-ECAN 75 Figure 20. Institutionalization of the ECAN 106

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LIST OF ANNEXES ANNEX A. Landforms of San Vicente, Palawan 112 ANNEX B. Soil Phosphorus Content of San Vicente, Palawan 113 ANNEX C. Soil Depth of San Vicente, Palawan 114 ANNEX D. Soil Texture of San Vicente, Palawan 115 ANNEX E. Soil Organic Matter Content of San Vicente, Palawan 116 ANNEX F. Soil Internal Drainage of San Vicente, Palawan 117 ANNEX G. Computation for Ecological Footprint 118 ANNEX H. Questionnaire for Stocktaking of Municipal Environmental Initiatives 120 ANNEX I. ECAN Planning for Land Use Sustainability (ECAN-Plus) Multi-Criteria Analysis 124 ANNEX J. Key Informant Interview Questionnaire 127 ANNEX K. Focus Group Discussion Mechanics for Problem Tree Analysis 131 ANNEX L. Incorporating the SEP and ECAN into Local Land Use Plans (INTEGRATE) 134

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LIST OF ACRONYMS BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic resources BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management CADC Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CALC Certificate of Ancestral Land Claim CALT Certificate of Ancestral Land Title CBET Community-Based Ecotourism CBET Community-Based Sustainable Tourism CBFM Community-Based Forest Management CBFMA Community-Based Forest Management Agreement CBMFMA Community Based Mangrove Forest Management Area CBMS Community Based Monitoring System CCA Climate Change Adaptation CCC Climate Change Commission CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CLWUP Comprehensive Land and Water Use Plan CDP Comprehensive Development Plan CRM Coastal Resources Management CRMP Coastal Resources Management Project CTMP Conceptual Tourism Master Plan DA Department of Agriculture DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DMO District Management Office DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication DRRMC Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council ECAN Environmentally Critical Areas Network ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate EF Ecological Footprint EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPKMD ECAN Policy and Knowledge Management Division EZP ECAN Zoning Plan FLUP Forest Land Use Plan GGGI Global Green Growth Institute GIS Geographic Information System HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act ISF Integrated Social Forestry ITMP Integrated Tourism Master Plan IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN-SSC International Union for Conservation of Nature-Species Survival Commission LDIP Local Development Investment Plan LGU Local Government Unit LMU Land Management Unit LREP Land Resources Evaluation Project

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MAO Municipal agriculture Office MEEDO Municipal Economic Enterprise Development Office MENRO Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau MHO Municipal Health Office MPA Marine Protected Areas MPDO Municipal Planning and Development Office MSPLS Malampaya Sound Protected Landscape and Seascape NIA National Irrigation Authority NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority NAPOCOR National Power Corporation NCIP National Commission on Indigenous People NGO Non-Government Organization NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System NTFPs Non-Timber Forest Products NSO National Statistics Office OPA Office of the Provincial Agriculturist PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration PALECO Palawan Electric Cooperative PAMB Protected Area Management Board PCSD Palawan Council for Sustainable Development PCSDS Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff PIADP Palawan Integrated Area Development Project PIADPO Palawan Integrated Area Development Project Office PNP Philippine National Police PPDO Provincial Planning and Development Office SPIADP Second Palawan Integrated Area Development Project PTA Philippine Tourism Authority PTFPP Palawan Tropical Forestry Protection Program RHU Rural Health Unit SEMP Sustainable Environmental Management Project SEP Strategic Environmental Plan SIFMA Socialized Industrial Forest Management Agreement SMA Special Management Area TAZ Tribal and Ancestral Zone TEZ Tourism Enterprise Zones TIEZA Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This ECAN (Environmentally Critical Areas Network) Zoning Plan of the Municipality of San Vicente is a stand-alone sustainable development master plan formulated according to the requirements of Republic Act 7611 (SEP Law) and its implementing guidelines. Its primary objective is to guide the long-term sustainable management of the locally adopted ECAN Zones. This is achieved through the prescription of a balanced mix of conservation and development activities in the municipality. Through the SEP Law, the zoning of the ECAN is made the principal strategy on local land and water use planning. This ridge-to-reef strategy can be applied strategically over and above other existing planning frameworks due to the adaptive and strategic nature of the ECAN strategy itself. The ECAN of the municipality, as shown in the table, contains opportunities for both conservation and development, with “protected zones” (Core zone and Restricted use area) amounting to about 28% of the land area of San Vicente. The remaining (72%) can be devoted to a mix of development activities.

Extent of adopted ECAN zones of San Vicente

ECAN zone Area* (has.) Percentage

Core Zones 7,814.13 10.65

Restricted Use Zone 12,425.94 16.93 Controlled use zones 29,655.37 40.41

Traditional use zones 3,333.88 4.54

Multiple use zones 20,149.87 27.46

TOTAL 73,379.19 100.00

The ultimate goal of the ECAN Zoning Plan is to pro-actively respond to the evolving challenges and opportunities in the municipality and to address the issues and problems encountered by its environmental managers while pursuing sustainable development. The regulation and planning for sustainability is institutionalized in the ECAN Zoning Plan in order to address the pressures to the natural resources. The outline of the ECAN Zoning Plan is as follows: Chapter One describes the purpose and scope of the ECAN Zoning Plan, following the guidelines stipulated in the SEP Law and its implementing rules. Chapter Two presents a brief municipal profile of San Vicente. It includes description of the biophysical, socioeconomic, and land/water use of the municipality.

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Chapter Three provides the methodology used in crafting the ECAN Zoning Plan. Plan development requires the collection, collation, and processing of data from primary and secondary sources. Plan formulation necessitates an expert appraisal of all the information that will serve as basis for the strategies of the Plan. Chapter Four describes the SEP’s central strategy, the ECAN, along with its components and the criteria and parameters used in the delineation of ECAN zones. It also presents the allowable and restricted uses in each ECAN zone. The method of producing ECAN Zones Maps through GIS is also discussed. Chapter Five is an integrated threats analysis of San Vicente. The chapter identifies various existing and projected problems confronting the municipality. Results of the threats analysis are the key bases of the identified sustainable development strategies and actions in San Vicente. Based on the threats analysis, the following sustainable development planning framework is formulated for the municipality of San Vicente. In this framework, ECAN serves as the overarching strategy to address poverty and environmental degradation.

Sustainable development planning framework for San Vicente (adapted and modified from DA-BSWM et al. 2010)

RIGHTS-BASED SOCIOECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, GOOD GOVERNANCE, AND

STEWARDSHIP

Community capacity development and empowerment; sustainable economic growth; equity in resource access and

benefits

Disaster risk management; restoration of exploited areas;

climate-smart industries;

renewable energy

Biodiversity conservation; protection of life-support

systems; sustainable use of resources; linkages;

participation

Food Security and Resilience to Natural

Disasters

Habitat Protection, Water Sufficiency,

and Livelihood Development

Natural Resources Productivity and

Ecosystems Stability

Poverty Eradication and

Ecological Integrity

ECAN STRATEGY

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT

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Chapter Six is the core part of the Plan. It contains management framework strategies and prescriptions for each ECAN zone, the ECAN Zones Management Guidelines which contain the existing and proposed activities and uses in the ECAN zones in land and sea, and the identified Management Programs to be implemented in the next 6 years. This program includes the following major components:

1. ECAN Institutionalization and Mainstreaming 2. Boundary Delineation of Core Zones on the Ground 3. Institutional Capacity Building 4. Policy Reforms 5. Sustainable Financing 6. Environmental Management and Law Enforcement 7. Waste Management 8. Support to Agriculture 9. Livelihood, Community-Based Sustainable Tourism (CBST), and Community-Based

Eco-Tourism (CBET) Development 10. Sustainable Energy 11. Support to Education 12. Support to Health Care 13. Infrastructure Development 14. Population Management 15. Water System Development and Watershed Management 16. Support to Indigenous Community 17. Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management

Chapter Seven gives details on the administration of the ECAN Zoning Plan, including the monitoring and evaluation of its implementation. With the implementation of this Plan, it is envisioned that the improvement in the state of natural environment in San Vicente will sustain the flow of income and benefits in tourism, agriculture, and fisheries. Investments in ECAN Zoning and environmental management programs would also directly improve the economic welfare of the people of San Vicente by giving them the opportunity to engage in alternative sustainable livelihood projects. The implementation of this Plan is the joint responsibility of the local government of San Vicente and the PCSDS through the Municipal ECAN Board. The Municipal ECAN Board is also the administrative body in charge of administering the Plan.