Municipal Waste as a Viable FuelMunicipal Waste as a Viable Fuel

Dr Robert EdenDr Robert Eden

Technical Director Technical Director

PT NOEIPT NOEI

CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION

1. GALFAD - An Integrated Waste Disposal Concept

2. Anaerobic digestion3. Landfill gas utilisation4. Thermal waste treatment

  

         

GALFAD

GALFAD

An integrated waste management system

GALFAD

GA – Gasification (pyrolysis)

LF – LandFill gas

AD – Anaerobic digestion

MSW PATHWAY OPTIONS

GALFAD

• Separation• Wet- waste to anaerobic digestion• Dry-waste to pyrolysis• Bio-solids to compost• Biogas and syngas to electricity

SEPARATION

SEPARATION

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

Anaerobic digestion is a biological process for converting organic materials into a combustible gas

It normally takes place in a wet environment and in the absence of any air

Organic materials are broken down to produce methane and carbon dioxide

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

LANDFILL GAS UTILISATION

Puchong LFS -Malaysia

Xing Feng LFS - China

Landfill gas power station

Fuel skids

PYROLYSIS / GASIFICATION

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

WASTE

materials recovery

compacting air lock

steam

cyclonicseparator

particulates >10 microns

bottom ash

1250°C

air

Fuel(warm-up

only)

bypassdamper

Boiler

Turbine

Heat

Electricity

Bag Filter

DeNOxCatalyst

Stack

carbon recycling

Feed Preparation

Pyrolysis Gasification OxidationEnergy

RecoveryFlue GasClean Up

air

Ammonia

SodiumBicarbonate

Condenser

Waste Feed

Pyrolysis Tubes

Pyrolysis & Gasification

Thermal Oxidation

Waste Heat Boiler

EmissionsAbatement

General layout of an MT2 unit

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

mg/Nm3

11% 02@ 273K & 101.3kPa

EU Directive

Limits s: spot / d:daily ½ hour

Compact Power

Particulates 10 (d) 30 0.2

VOC’s as carbon 10 (d) 20 Trace

NO (NO + NO2) 200 (d) 400 <37

HCl 10 (d) 60 2

HF 1 (d) 4 <0.1

SO2 50 (d) 200 < 2.5

CO 50 (d) 150 Trace

Cd & Tl 0.05 (s) 0.006

Mercury 0.05 (s) 0.006

Pb Cr Cu Mn Ni As Sb Co V Sn 0.5 (s) 0.006

Dioxins TEQ ng/Nm3 0.1 (s) <0.003

N2O 30 (d) Trace

NH3 10 (d) 20 < 1

Typical results for clinical, pharmaceutical and other wastes

ACCEPTABLE WASTE TYPES

refuse derived fuel (RDF)

clinical waste

municipal solid waste(MSW)

dried sludge

shredded tyres

commercial waste

SummarySummary

• Every site is unique• Of critical importance is the specific waste composition and in particular the moisture content• 100 tonnes per day of feedstock (typically 175 tonnes per day of waste) will generate 2.5 MW of power

GALFAD