MUNICH - DEEPIKA PADUKONE AND FAWAD KHAN AT DESIGNER...

BMW i Vision FutureInteraction, A Class Apart

GTA CONDOMINIUM MARKET REMAINSSTRONG, UP 17.4% IN Q2

MANDIRA BEDI POOJA HEGDEDIA MIRZAMADHURI DIXIT NENE PRIYANKA CHOPRA PICS: IANS

DEEPIKA PADUKONE AND FAWAD KHAN AT DESIGNER MANISH MALHOTRA'S FASHION SHOW AT THE FDCI INDIA COUTUREWEEK 2016 IN NEW DELHI (IANS).

TORONTO - Toronto Real Estate Board President Larry Cerqua an-nounced another very strong quar ter for condominium apar tment salesin Q2 2016. Greater Toronto Area REALTORS® repor ted 8,965 condoapar tment sales between the beginning of April and end of June. Thisresult represented an increase of 17.4 per cent in comparison to thesame period in 2015. "TREB REALTOR® Members are involved in allaspects of the condominium apar tment market in the Greater TorontoArea, from working with buyers at the pre-construction stage of de-velopment through to the resale or rental of existing units. While wehave cer tainly seen a lot of condo construction over the last fewyears, project completions have not resulted in a glut of inventory.Over the past year, we have actually experienced tighter market con-ditions and accelerating annual rates of price growth," said Cerqua.The average selling price of a condominium apar tment in Q2 2016was $415,326 - up 7.1 per cent compared to Q2 2015. The MLS®Home Price Index apar tment benchmark price was up by a similar7.9 per cent at the end of June. "Similar to the low-rise market seg-

ments, we have seen growth in condo sales outstrip growth in condolistings this year. Seller's market conditions exist for condominium apart-ments in many parts of the GTA including Toronto's downtown core. This is whywe are seeing average price growth well-above the rate of inflation,"said Jason Mercer, TREB's Director of Market Analysis.

MUNICH - The BMW i Vision Future Interaction has been presentedwith the inaugural special prize for connectivity at the Auto Test Sieger2016 awards ceremony. The concept car had previously used the CES2016 in Las Vegas to demonstrate how the user interface of the futuremight look in an autonomous car - helped by technology includinghigh-resolution displays. All functions can be controlled using touch-sensitive surfaces and gestures. The BMW i Vision Future Interactionprovides an impressive look ahead to the connected car of the future,which is integrated into the driver's digital environment and is moreintuitive and convenient to use.The interior of the future. The BMW i Vision Future Interaction is basedon the BMW i8 Concept Spyder. Its high-resolution Head-Up Displayreflects the most important vehicle data onto the windscreen, whilean instrument cluster displays other information three-dimensionally(autostereoscopically) - e.g. on vehicles travelling in front or oncom-ing vehicles which are not yet in the driver's field of vision. The 21-inch (approx. 40 cm) panorama display is operated using gesturecontrol. It works like a touchscreen that doesn't need to be touched,sensors detecting hand movements in three dimensions. Touch-sen-sitive surfaces on the centre console provide additional usage op-tions, allowing the user to navigate through menus by tapping andswiping, as with a smar tphone.When the driver gets into the BMW i Vision Future Interaction, thispanorama display seamlessly presents the content which can beviewed on smar tphones or other digital devices with the help of BMWConnected. The display adjusts automatically to the driving modecurrently engaged. In a future scenario where vehicles are drivingfully autonomously, the system could switch from all-audio trans-mission of phone calls, for example, to video transmission.Presentation ceremony in Berlin. The special prize was presented ata ceremony held in Berlin on 20 July. German bi-monthly magazineAuto Test is Europe's most widely read car-buying guide. It is alsoenclosed as a supplement with special-interest magazines ComputerBild and Spor t Bild, which pushes its circulation up into the highhundreds of thousands.

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TIGER SHROFF, FILMMAKER REMO D`SOUZA AND AUSTRALIAN ACTOR NATHAN JONES ON THE SETS OF STAR PLUS DANCEREALITY SHOW DANCE+ (DANCE PLUS) SEASON 2 TO PROMOTE UPCOMING FILM A FLYING JATT, IN MUMBAI (IANS).

FREE MOVIE NIGHT AT CENTENNIALPARK ON JULY 29

LUXURY VEHICLES: AUDI, BMW, MERCEDES, SPORTS CARS ANDCONVERTIBLE CARS. WE ALSO HAVE 7, 8, AND 9 PASSENGERS VEHICLES

ETOBICOKE - Etobicoke residents are invited to a free movie screen-ing of the popular and family-friendly LEGO Movie on Friday, July 29at Centennial Park. The free event will feature a pre-show at 7:30 pmwith live music by Rockadoodle Duo, games for kids and more. Thescreening which begins at 9 pm on the ski hill is hosted by Our PlaceInitiative (OPI) - Friends of Centennial Park, Park People and the Cityof Toronto. Guests are encouraged to bring a blanket and snacks.The LEGO Movie is an animated adventure comedy film that tells thestory of an ordinary Lego minifigure that takes up a fight against atyrannical businessman who plots to glue everything in the Lego worldstogether. The film is appropriate for all ages."Centennial Park is a great destination for events thatpromote com-munity building and civic engagement in Etobicoke," says Sarbjit Kaur,Executive Director of OPI. "We're proud to be co-hosting this fun andfreefamily event as par t of our ongoing effor ts to bring people together."The OPI - FOCP group was created earlier this year to enable localresidents to suppor t park revitalization and other projects to helpmaintain and improve Etobicoke's largest park.Photos of Centennial Park will be presented on the big screen before

the movie begins at 9 pm. All are invited to send in their favourite park photos andenter a draw to win fantastic prizes! For more information, [email protected] or visit www.ourplaceinitiative.com.

UPSCALE ANNIVERSARY AWARDS SHOWTORONTO - Leading South Asian enter tainment and lifestyle mediacompany, ANOKHI MEDIA has released its first group of special guestattendance for its 13th Anniversary Awards-Fashion-Enter tainmentShow taking place on Thursday, August 25 at Toronto's hottest newenter tainment complex, 11 Polson Street, Toronto, overlooking theToronto skyline and lake. Guests include DEEPA MEHTA, Oscar Nomi-nated Filmmaker; VIKRAM VIJ, Celebrity Chef and Entrepreneur;SHAMA HYDER, Founder/CEO of The Marketing Zen Group & Best-Selling Author; FARAH NASSER, Anchor Global News; HUSSEINDHALLA, Menswear Celebrity Fashion Designer and AMRIT DASU,Singer-Songwriter to name a few.

OMNI Television proposesnew national channel, returnof ethnic newscasts andmore Canadian contentTORONTO - OMNI Television announced today that it has filedan application with the CRTC to operate a new national multilin-gual and multicultural channel called OMNI Regional, the firstof its kind in Canada. The national channel would be comprisedof four feeds: Pacific, Prairies, and East, which would mirror OMNI'slocal stations in those regions, and ICI Quebec, made possible dueto a strategic partnership with Montreal ethnic television stationInternational Channel/Canal International (ICI) to serve French-lan-guage ethnic communities in the province of Quebec. If approvedby the CRTC, OMNI Regional wouldhave priority access to basicTV packages (pursuant to section 9(1)(h) of the Broadcasting Act).Today's local OMNI stations in Toronto, Edmonton, Calgary, andVancouver would continue to operate as free over-the-air chan-nels, as would ICI's local station in Montreal."We believe our application offers a win-win solution: Canadi-ans get low-cost access to quality news and information pro-gramming in their language of comfor t no matter where theylive, and OMNI and its community and production par tners geta stable revenue source that we can use to build a strong andrelevant voice for ethnic audiences in Canada," said ColetteWatson, Vice President, Broadcast and TV Operations, Rogers.As par t of its proposal, OMNI Television is committing to bring-ing back four daily newscasts in Italian, Mandarin, Cantoneseand Punjabi, making it the only national ethnic programmingservice in Canada to provide daily newscasts, seven days aweek, in multiple languages."Our new current affairs programming is resonating with localviewers, but we've also heard from our community par tners,Parliamentarians and the CRTC about the impor tance of newsand information programming to our democracy. If approved,our proposal will allow us to produce both current affairs pro-gramming that is locally relevant and news programming thatis national in scope," added Watson.OMNI Television's proposal also includes the following:* A commitment to devote 80% of OMNI Regional's schedule toethnic programming -a 20% increase over current - and main-taining the requirement to devote 50% of the schedule to third-language programming;* A commitment to devote a minimum of 40% of OMNI Regional'sannual revenues to the production of Canadian programming;* A commitment to maintain local daily current affairs shows inMandarin, Cantonese and Punjabi languages;* The creation of a national cultural affairs series produced inAlber ta that is designed to showcase impor tant cultural andsocial contributions from Canada's ethnocultural communities;* A commitment to re-establish in-house production in all of themarkets served by OMNI's OTA stations; and* The creation of four regional feeds that comprise the nationalnetwork will be specifically tailored to ethnic Canadians livingin B.C., the Prairies,Eastern Canada and Quebec by includingEnglish and French-language ethnic programming as well asthird-language programming produced by local independentproducers that reside in those regions.OMNI Television expects the CRTC to post its application forpublic comment shor tly.

Now smartphone can help mentest sperm health at homeNEW YORK, (IANS) Those men who find it too embarrassing tovisit a fer tility clinic to test the health of their sperm havereasons to cheer, thanks to a new smar tphone-based systemthat allows men to have a semen test at home to know aboutpotential fer tility problems.Using a low-cost lens, Yoshitomo Kobori from Dokkyo Medi-cal University Koshigaya Hospital in Japan and his colleaguesat the University of Illinois in Chicago created a smar tphonemicroscope to analyse semen samples at home, with helpfrom an app that is in development.

WALNUTS, SOYBEANMAY PREVENT RISKFOR DIABETESWASHINGTON, (IANS) Eating moreunsaturated fats like walnuts andsoybean in place of dietary carbohy-drate can lowers blood sugar leveland improve in the prevention andmanagement of type-2 diabetes, ac-cording to a new study. The studyprovides evidence for the effects of di-etary fats and carbohydrate on the regu-lation of glucose and insulin levels andseveral other metrics linked to type 2diabetes. "Our findings support prevent-ing and treating these diseases by eat-ing more fat-rich foods like walnuts, sun-flower seeds, soybeans, flaxseed, fish,and other vegetable oils and spreads,in place of refined grains, starches, sug-ars, and animal fats.


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TUESDAY, JULY 26, 2016

Things to consider before getting hair transplant

MODELS IN FASHION DESIGNER TARUN TAHILIANI'S CREATIONS DURING THE INDIA COUTURE WEEK 2016, IN NEW DELHI (IANS).

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NEW DELHI, (IANS) Don't wish to be bald anymore and considering ahair transplant surgery? Go for an accredited medical centre, getyourself evaluated clinically and medically and more before going forthe surgery, says an exper t. Sanjay Parashar, Consultant Plastic Sur-geon, Cocoona Centre for Aesthetic Transformation, shares a list ofstandard practices you must look out for:* The procedure should be performed in an accredited andwell equipped medical centre with proper sterility and sur-gery protocols.* Only a team of qualified and licensed doctors and tech-nicians should be involved.* The patient must be evaluated clinically and medi-cally thoroughly to ensure he or she is an ideal can-didate and healthy enough to undergo theprocedure.* All medications including local anaes-thesia should be administered by qualifieddoctors after checking the content and ex-piry dates, and in a controlled manner.

* Continuous monitoring of the patient is mandatory by using pulseoximetry to measure oxygen levels throughout the procedure and bloodpressure monitoring.* FUT i.e. strip harvesting (a way in which hair is harvested) shouldbe performed by a surgeon qualified in managing scalp wounds, not

even a general physician.* FUE i.e. follicular harvesting (a way in which hair is

harvested) should be performed either by a surgeon,dermatologist or a qualified allopathic medical doc-

tor.* Hair grafting should be performed by qualified

and trained medical technicians under directsupervision of the doctors.

* The patient should be discharged afterproper monitoring and assessment bythe senior qualified doctor.* Regular follow up protocol should

be under taken to ensure safe and ef-fective outcome of the procedure.

HOME-MADE FOODS FORINFANTS NOT ALWAYS AHEALTHY CHOICE: STUDYLONDON, (IANS) Home-cooked meals specifically made forinfants and young children, are not always healthier than com-mercially available baby foods, new research suggests. Thefindings indicated that home cooked meals, which are oftenperceived as the best option, usually exceed energy densityand dietary fat recommendations.Home cooked meals also provided 26 per cent more energyand 44 per cent more protein and total fat, including saturatedfat, than commercial products. "Unlike adult recommenda-tions, which encourage reducing energy density and fats, it isimpor tant in infants that food is suitably energy dense in ap-propriately sized meals to aid growth and development," saidSharon A. Carstair from the University of Aberdeen in Britain.In addition, home cooked meals were found to be around halfthe price of commercially available ready made meals. Whilealmost two-thirds (65 per cent) of commercial products metdietary recommendations on energy density, only just over athird of home cooked meals did so, and over half (52 per cent)exceeded the maximum range.Home cooked meals contained more protein as well as in-cluded a greater variety of vegetables than ready-made meals, butcommercial products contained a greater vegetable variety per meal,averaging three compared with two for home cooked recipes.Ready-made meals are a convenient alternative, but anyparent looking to provide their child with a varied diet,should probably not rely solely on ready-made meals, theresearchers said. "Dietary fats contribute essential fatty ac-ids and fat soluble vitamins together with energy and sensoryqualities, thus are vital for the growing child, however, excessiveintakes may impact on childhood obesity and health," Carstairadded.For the study, the team compared the nutrient content, price, andfood group variety of 278 ready-made savoury meals, 174 ofwhich were organic, and 408 home cooked meals, made usingrecipes from 55 bestselling cookbooks designed for the diets ofinfants and young children. While 16 per cent of thehome cooked meals were poultry based com-pared with 27 per cent of the ready-made meals,nearly one in five (19 per cent) were seafood-based versus seven per cent of the ready-

made meals.



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SANJAY KHAN, POONAM DHILLON, DAVID DHAWAN AND ZAYED KHAN AT AKBAR KHAN`S RESIDENCE FOR A GET-TOGETHERIN MUMBAI (IANS).

Bad diet can lead to weight gain

Men are aggressive, women self-conscious on dating sitesNEW YORK, (IANS) While chatting with potential par tners ondating websites, men become aggressive and women are self-conscious of their attractiveness, according to a research. The find-ings show that males tend to be more focused on their own interestsand are oblivious towards their attractiveness to potential dates."We found that males like to send a lot of messages to attractivefemale users, but they don't get much responses," said ShuangfeiZhai, doctoral candidate at Binghamton University in New York, US.Conversely, females become more conscious of their own attrac-tiveness to other users."For females, they are self-conscious because they tend to evaluatethe likelihood of getting a response from the user they are sendingmessages to," Zhai added. Also, women have much greater chancesof getting responses from users whom they message, said the paperpublished in the journal Social Network Analysis and Mining.For the study, the international team of researchers collected datafrom Baihe, one of the largest dating websites in China, to revealbehavioural differences between male and female users when itcomes to contacting potential partners. They also developed a recip-rocal recommendation system that better matches users who aremutually interested in and likely to communicate with each other.

Weight loss surgery may improvemobility, lower heart rateNEW YORK, (IANS) Obese teenagers who undergo bariatricsurgery for weight loss are likely to walk faster, have lesswalking-related muscular pain and lower hear t rates in sixmonths following the surgery, said a study. Like adults, teen-agers are not immune to the consequences of severe obesity,which can exacerbate functional mobility limitations and lead to adecline in physical activity because of the resulting muscular pain ormusculoskeletal pain -- that affects the muscles, ligaments andtendons and bones, caused by jerking movements, accidents, frac-tures and direct blows to the muscle as well as strain, repetitivemovements and overuse. The findings showed that the time to com-plete the walk improved from an average of 376 seconds (about 6.3minutes) to 347 seconds (about 5.8 minutes) at six months aftersurgery compared with before surgery. Fur ther, the restinghear t rate improved from an average of 84 beats per minute(bpm) to 74 bpm. The changes seen at the end of six monthspost-surgery continued as long as two years, the researcherssaid. In addition, the participants also felt reduction in walk-re-lated musculoskeletal pain. "Whether these positive changes in func-tional mobility and musculoskeletal pain persist over the long termand lead to further improvements in cardiometabolic risk requiresevaluation," said Justin R. Ryder from the University of Minnesota inMinneapolis, US. For the study, published online in the journal JAMAPediatrics, the team enrolled 242 teenagers (19 years old oryounger), who had bariatric surgery from 2007 to 2012 andexamined the effect of bariatric surgery on functional mobilityand musculoskeletal pain in them.

SYDNEY, (IANS) A bad diet has consequences on the immune system whichcan lead to weight gain and other signs of obesity, a recent study has re-vealed. According to the study, published in the Journal of Immunology, theresearchers studied the impact of a western-style high fat diet on the immunesystem and came out with two surprising results."Our research looked at whether bad diets have consequences before we notice

an increase in body weight. We found that over-consumption of saturated fats is aform of malnutrition: one that needs to be taken seriously," Abigail Pollock, aresearcher at the University of New South Wales, said. The researchers examinedthe impact of dietary lipids on a class of immune cells -- T lymphocytes or T cellsin which a diet rich saturated fats can impact immune function. "We fed mice awestern-style high fat diet for nine weeks to observe if this diet would impact the T

cell response before the animal gainsweight. Despite our hypothesis that theT cell response would be weakenedwe actually saw the opposite: the per-centage of T cells multiplying increased,"added Pollock. One clinical ramifica-tion of overactive T cells may be au-toimmune disease where the immunesystem begins attacking healthy partsof the body, suggested the study. Ac-cording to the study, the other unexpectedfinding was that T cell responses werealtered even in the absence of obesityand obesity induced inflammation.



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KANGANA RANAUT WALKS THE RAMP FOR DESIGNER MANAV GANGWANI'S SHOW AT THE INDIA COUTURE WEEK 2016, INNEW DELHI (IANS).

Brisk walk better than joggingin combatting pre-diabetes

NEW YORK, (IANS) Regular brisk walking may be more effectivethan vigorous jogging for improving glucose control in individualswith pre-diabetes, a study says. "When faced with the decision oftrying to do weight loss, diet, and exercise versus exercise alone, thestudy indicates you can achieve nearly 80 per cent of the effect of doing allthree with just a high amount of moderate-intensity exercise," said leadauthor William Kraus, Professor at Duke University School of Medicine in theUS. "We believe that one benefit of moderate-intensity exercise is that it burnsoff fat in the muscles, which relieves the block of glucose uptake by themuscles. That's important because muscle is the major place to store glu-cose after a meal," Kraus explained. The study appeared online in the journalDiabetologia. The findings are based on a randomised, six-month study of150 participants, each of whom was designated as having pre-diabetesbased on elevated fasting glucose levels. Study participants were randomised

into four groups. The first group followed an intervention modeled after theDiabetes Prevention Programme (DPP), considered a gold standard, thataims to achieve a seven per cent body weight reduction over six months. Theprogramme requires cutting calories, eating a low-fat diet, and exercising.Study participants in this group adopted the diet changes, and performedmoderate-intensity exercise equivalent to 7.5 miles of brisk walking in aweek. Other study participants were randomly assigned to receive exerciseonly, using different amounts and intensities: low-amount at moderateintensity (equivalent to walking briskly for 7.5 miles per week); high-amount at moderate intensity (equivalent to walking briskly for 11.5miles per week); and high-amount at vigorous intensity (equivalent tojogging for 11.5 miles per week). "We wanted to know how much ofthe effect of the DPP (Diabetes Prevention Programme) could be ac-complished with exercise alone," Kraus said.

HOW TWITTER HELPEDSOLVE MILKY WAY MYSTERYTORONTO, (IANS) Taking help from Twitter, two astronomershave uncovered the strongest evidence yet that an enormousX-shaped structure made of stars lies within the central bulgeof the Milky Way galaxy. Previous computer models and ob-servations of our own galaxy have suggested that the X-shapedstructure existed.But no one had observed it directly. Some astronomers arguedthat previous research that pointed indirectly to the existenceof the X could be explained in other ways. "There was contro-versy about whether the X-shaped structure existed. But ourpaper gives a good view of the core of our own galaxy. I think ithas provided pretty good evidence for the existence of the X-shaped structure," said Dustin Lang, Research Associate atthe Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Universityof Toronto.The Milky Way Galaxy is a barred spiral galaxy -- a disk-shapedcollection of dust, gas and billions of stars, 100,000 light-yearsin diameter. The central bulge, like other barred galaxy's bulges,resembles a rectangular box or peanut when viewed -- as weview it -- from within the plane of the galaxy. The X-shapedstructure is an integral component of the bulge.

AVOCADOS CAN BE BEST FIRSTFOODS FOR BABIES: STUDYNEW YORK, (IANS) Feeding babies avocados, which has aneutral flavour, soft consistency and nutrient density, can helpin boosting their growth and development, says a study, sug-gesting that the fruit can be used as a first food for infants.Babies' ideal first foods should have a low to moderate sweetand salty flavour profile to avoid early preferences for sweetfoods. The findings showed that avocados are unique amongcomplementary and transitional foods and they provide an idealsource of calories to meet the increasing energy and growthdemands of weaning infants and toddlers. "It's impor tant thatinfants experience a wide variety of tastes, textures, coloursand combinations, in their first foods," said Rober t Murray,Professor at the Ohio State University, in the US. Avocadoswere found to contain less than 1 gram of sugar per serving(0.09g) -- the least amount of any other fresh fruit.Avocados' soft and smooth textures can also help infants todevelop the ability to chew and swallow. Infants should con-sume moderately energy-dense foods that are low in sugarand rich in multiple nutrients, said the paper published in thejournal Nutrients. Avocados were found to be higher in keydevelopmental nutrients per one once serving, such as folate,Vitamin E, and lutein, compared to a serving of the most popu-lar complementary and transitional fruits served in many house-holds. Avocados also help significantly enhance the absorp-tion of lipid-soluble vitamins from foods eaten with them, theresearchers concluded.


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RAJEEV KHANDELWAL AND GAUHAR KHAN DURING THE PROMOTION OF THEIR UPCOMING FILM FEVER IN JAIPUR (IANS).

BLOCKING THIS GENE CAN HELPPREVENT RISK OF ASTHMA

LONDON, (IANS) Scientists have discovered that blocking a gene associated with the developmentof asthma can potentially prevent the lung disease at its origin in a finding that could challenge thecurrent understanding of the condition. In the study, the research analysed the impact of ADAM33 -- a gene that is associated with the development of asthma.ADAM33 makes an enzyme, which is attached to cells in the airway muscles. When theenzyme loses its anchor to the cell sur face, it is prone to going rogue around the lung causingpoorer lung function in people who have asthma. The findings showed that by switching offthis ADAM33 gene or preventing it from going rouge, the characteristic features of asthma suchas airway remodelling (more muscle and blood vessels around the airways), twitchiness andinflammation, can be reduced."Our studies have challenged the common paradigm that airway remodelling in asthma is a consequence of inflammation. Instead, we haveshown that rogue human ADAM33 initiates airway remodelling that promotes allergic inflammation and twitchiness of the airways in thepresence of allergen," said lead author Hans Michel Haitchi, Associate Professor at the University of Southampton in Britain.ADAM33 gene initiated airway remodelling reduces the ability of the lungs to function normally, which is not prevented by current anti-inflammatory steroid therapy. Therefore, stopping this ADAM33 induced process would prevent a harmful effect that promotes the develop-ment of allergic asthma for many of the 5.4 million of people, said the paper published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI) Insight.

SHAKING BABY COULD BEDEADLY, SAY PHYSICIANSNEW YORK, (IANS) Majority of physicians in the US acceptthat shaking a young child is capable of producing a life-threatening pooling of blood outside the brain, severe retinalhaemorrhage, coma or death, according to a new survey"Our data show that shaking a young child is generally ac-cepted by physicians to be a dangerous form of abuse," saidstudy lead author Sandeep Narang from Ann & Rober t H.Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago in the US.The study was published in The Journal of Pediatrics. Re-cent media repor ts and judicial decisions have called intoquestion the general acceptance among physicians of shakenbaby syndrome and abusive head trauma. General accep-tance of concepts in the medical community is a criticalfactor for admitting medical exper t testimony in cour ts. Incases of child maltreatment, cour ts often rely on medicalexper t testimony to establish the most likely cause of achild's injuries."Claims of substantial controversy within the medical com-munity about shaken baby syndrome and abusive head traumahave created a chilling effect on child protection hearingsand criminal prosecutions," Narang, who is also AssociateProfessor at Nor thwestern University Feinberg School ofMedicine, noted. The study examined survey responses from628 physicians frequently involved in evaluation of injuredchildren at 10 leading children's hospitals in the US.

ALCOHOL CAUSES SEVENTYPES OF CANCER: STUDYWELLINGTON, (IANS) Exces-sive consumption of alcoholcan lead to seven forms ofcancer, and individuals con-suming even low to moder-ate amounts are at risk, saysa review. "There is strongevidence that alcohol causescancer at seven sites in thebody and probably others,"said Jennie Connor from theOtago Universi ty in NewZealand. "Even without com-plete knowledge of biological mechanisms, the epidemio-logical evidence can suppor t the judgement that alcoholcauses cancer of the oropharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver,colon, rectum and breast," Connor added. Alcohol-attribut-able cancers at these sites make up 5.8 per cent of all can-cer deaths world-wide, said the paper published in the jour-nal Addiction. The current evidence that moderate drinkingprovides protection against cardiovascular disease is notstrong, the study said. The evidence is based on compre-hensive reviews under taken for the last 10 years.

Female smokers at higher risk of brain bleedLONDON, (IANS) Women indulging in smoking are more at risk of developing bleeding inside the lining ofthe brain, also known as subarachnoid hemorrhage, a study has warned. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is acondition of bleeding in the lining between the brain's surface and underlying brain tissues.The findings showed that although cigarette smoking was linked to an increased risk of subarachnoidhemorrhage among both sexes, women faced the highest risk. "Female sex has been described as anindependent risk factor for subarachnoid hemorrhage, but we found strong evidence that the elevated riskin women is explained by vulnerability to smoking," said lead author Joni Valdemar Lindbohm, Physicianat the University of Helsinki in Finland.Further, among light smokers (1 to 10 cigarettes per day), women were 2.95 times more likely to havesubarachnoid hemorrhage compared to non-smokers, while men who smoked comparable amounts ofcigarettes were 1.93 times more likely.Women who smoked 11 to 20 cigarettes per day were 3.89 times more likely to have subarachnoidhemorrhage compared to non-smokers, while men who smoked comparable amounts of cigarettes were2.13 times more likely. Women who smoked 21 to 30 cigarettes per day were more than 8.35 times likelyto have subarachnoid hemorrhage compared to non-smokers, while men who smoked comparable amountsof cigarettes were 2.76 times more likely.

NEW MECHANISM OF TB INFECTION IDENTIFIEDNEW YORK, (IANS) Researchers, including one of Indian-origin, have identified a new way that tubercu-losis bacteria get into the body, revealing a novel potential therapeutic angle to explore. The bacterium thatcauses tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Mtb, previously was thought to infect the body onlythrough inhalation and subsequent infection of cells in the lungs.The new research found that microfold cell (M-cell) translocation is a new and previously unknownmechanism by which Mtb enters the body. Vidhya Nair, postdoctoral researcher at The University of TexasSouthwestern Medical Center, is the lead author of the study published online in the journal Cell Repor ts."The current model of disease is that when Mtb bacteria are inhaled, they reach the end of the lung - thealveolus - and then are ingested by a macrophage, a type of white blood cell that swallows and killsinvading bacteria," Michael Shiloh, Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine and Microbiology at UTSouthwestern said. "Our study shows that once Mtb bacteria are inhaled, they also can enter the bodydirectly through M-cells that line the airway tissue, and then travel to the lymph nodes and beyond," Shilohexplained. M-cells are specialised epithelial cells that transpor t par ticles from the airway or mucosalsurface to the compar tment below the cell.



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