Multiple-Use, Management, Planning And Administration Kenneth Williams Fisheries Extension...

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Multiple-Use, Multiple-Use, Management, Planning Management, Planning And Administration And Administration Kenneth Williams Fisheries Extension Specialist Langston University Aquaculture Extension Program Elements of Forestry

Transcript of Multiple-Use, Management, Planning And Administration Kenneth Williams Fisheries Extension...

Multiple-Use, Management, Multiple-Use, Management, Planning And AdministrationPlanning And Administration

Kenneth WilliamsFisheries Extension Specialist Langston University Aquaculture Extension Program

Elements of Forestry

Forest ManagementForest ManagementProcess of organizing

stands so they produce a continuous flow of what ever resources are desired from that forest.

In a sustainable manner.

A way that insures that they are forever available.

Value of Forest Resources Value of Forest Resources Decided By SocietyDecided By Society

Ex. Black walnut along a stream– Source of cabinet

lumber– Squirrel habitat– Control erosion,

protect water quality

Multiple UseMultiple Use

Resource use often in conflict.Management and use of one resource

affects management and availability of other resources.

Forest management tries to optimize the supply of resources relative to demand in a way that ensures sustainability and minimal conflict among competing demands

The Forest Management PlanThe Forest Management Plan

Identifies land owner objectivesOutlines treatments and timetables for each

standProvides evaluation to insure goals are

being met

The Forest Management PlanThe Forest Management Plan

The greater the number of resources to be managed, the more comprehensive the plan.

The higher the intrinsic or monetary value, the more comprehensive the plan

So – The amount of planning essentially depends on the value of the forest.

Multiple Use – Sustained Yield Multiple Use – Sustained Yield Act Of 1960Act Of 1960

National forests are established and administered for outdoor recreation, range, timber, watershed and wildlife and fish purposes.

These 5 categories are the multiple uses.

Multiple Use – Sustained Yield Multiple Use – Sustained Yield Act Of 1960Act Of 1960

Each national forest must supply an adequate amount of these multiple uses over a 50 year period of management

Timber used to be the only thing managed for. Everything else was secondary or not considered at all.

Resource ValueResource Value

Other uses often are of more value than timber. Ex. Campground

Often the value is intrinsic. A dollar amount can not be fixed to it. Ex. Watershed protection, scenic trails, wilderness areas.

What else can you think of?

Forest ManagementForest Management National forests must

be managed to prevent non-point source water pollution.

All timber management practices affect forest wildlife.

Certain species associated with certain successional stages. Ex. Deer and young browse.

Forest ManagementForest Management

Forest industry generally manages for early successional forest ecosystems. Why?

This favors wildlife species that are part of the brushy habitat mosaic. Deer, quail, and grouse. All are popular game species.

These forest lands are very popular with hunters.

Forest ManagementForest Management

Hunting leases sold by some forest industries companies can equal as much per acre as the value of the timber on the land.

Forest ManagementForest Management

Buffer strips protect water quality and fish populations.

Forest ManagementForest ManagementManagement of non-

game species– Leave snags (standing

dead timber) and small un-touched plots in harvested areas for non-game habitat or endangered species.

RangeRange

Grasses found in forest ecosystemsPrimary use is to allow domestic livestock

to roam the forest. Most common in western forests.

Goal – balance quality and quantity of forage with grazing intensity for a given area and forest wide.

RecreationRecreation

Outdoor recreation is increasing.– Particularly snow,

ice and water based activities. Also mountain biking.

RecreationRecreation

Other outdoor recreations– Backpacking– Hiking– Camping– Mountain climbing– Hunting– Fishing– Photography– Horseback riding

Multiple Use InteractionsMultiple Use Interactions

Multiple use often means conflicting goalsInteractions can be:

– Neutral – no effect on another use– Compatible – beneficial effect of small clear

cuts on some wildlife species.– Incompatible –a genuine wilderness

experience is impossible in an area of intensive timber management.

Multiple Use ConflictsMultiple Use Conflicts

May be between resources – ex. specific habitat resource needs of some wildlife and timber management practices.

Conflict may be caused by management techniques. These practices can be modified to lessen conflict.

Multiple Use ConflictsMultiple Use Conflicts

Dominant use- one particular use given priority over other uses. Zoning particular areas.

Partition resources – spatially or in time.

Forest Owners And OwnershipForest Owners And Ownership

Landowner not forester determines objectives

Forester implements landowner objectives by developing a forest management plan

Forester suggests management alternatives to landowner

Types Of Forest LandTypes Of Forest Land

1/3 of land classified as forest landCommercial forest land – produce more

than 1.4 cubic meters per hectare of industrial wood under natural-stand conditions.

Northern and southern regions contain about 75% of commercial forest land

Types Of Forest LandTypes Of Forest Land

Productive deferred land – could be commercial forest but is used for other purposes – national parks, wilderness areas etc. 3.4% of forests.

Types Of Forest LandTypes Of Forest Land

Other forest lands – slow growing forests on poor sites. Production below commercial forest standards.

31% of U.S. forests. 90% of these forests found in the west.

Types Of Forest LandTypes Of Forest Land

18% of commercial forests are in the national forest system. 75 % of these in the west.

14% of commercial forest owned by industry. 53% of these are in the south.

60% of commercial forest owned by private individuals whose major income is not from forestland.

Implementing Management Implementing Management StrategiesStrategies

Planning –assess ownership objectives and forest resources that can satisfy these objectives.

Draw up written plan:– Methodology– Treatment schedules

Implementing Management Implementing Management StrategiesStrategies

Administration – organization of management tasks in order to implement the plan.– Personal supervision– Operational budgets– Resource monitoring

Public Forest Management Public Forest Management AgenciesAgencies

U.S.D.A.– Forest service – national forest system

Department of the Interior– Bureau of Land Management– National Park Service– Fish and Wildlife Service– Bureau of Indian Affairs

Defense Department

Forest ServiceForest Service

Planning occurs at national, regional and local levels.

Local and regional plans meshed to achieve long range national objectives.

Industrial ForestsIndustrial Forests

Size varies from small operations of a few thousand acres to large multinational conglomerates with millions of acres, many mills and 1000’s of employees.

Industrial ForestsIndustrial ForestsManage forest for company

goals and not necessarily efficient forest management.

Need continual flow of timber to the mills.– Expensive to shut down

processing facilities– Need for continual employment

of labor force– Maximum profitability from a

regulated forest

Industrial ForestsIndustrial Forests

Many are now managed for multiple use because it is profitable.

They can lease hunting and fishing access as well as other recreational opportunities.

Good public relations

THE ENDTHE END