Multimedia Teaching and Learning

Compiled by: By Geofrey Kalumuna

Learning is a process in which four components interact:

• The teacher• The student• Curriculum content and goals• Instructional materials and infrastructure

Therefore,• Teachers – materials – learners – teachers• ICT in education is much needed vehicle of achieving the modern

philosophy of education whereby a student can decide on:– What he/she learns– When he/she learns– Where he/she learns and– How he/she learns

Technology and change“Technology will not have a significant impact on student learning until teachers change the way they teach” Larry Cuban, 1986

• Technology is continuously changing. It is an ongoing process. It demands continual learning

• But change is not always easy. Initial human reaction to change is resistance. Resistance makes for slow change

• Change is inevitable• Change led to progress. The acceptance of change is a major requirement for

technology intergration• Technology is revolutionalizing the way we think, work, and play• Technology enables teachers to provide multiple representations of content

(images, graphs, diagram, tables) and mutltiple options for expression (multimedia, powerpoint)

• Computer technology changes traditional classroom to instructional techniques• Computers enable students to process information via multiple intelligencies

Please note!!!

• Technology helps change the student/teacher roles and relationships

• Technology cannot teach; only teachers can teach

• Technology can enhance teaching-learning process

Technology integration is the use of technology resources:

• Computers, internet, email, digital cameras, CD-ROMs, DVD ROMs, software applications, electronic publications and resources, etc in daily classroom practises, and in the management of a schools and college

How to use information technologies effectively?

• Using computer based services to search for and find relevant information in a range of contexts

• Using a variety of media to retrieve information

• Decoding information in variety of forms-written, statistical and graphic

Information literacy

• Using computer based service to write, analyse, present and communicate information

• Using information technologies to create, to share and to store knowledge

Information and Communication Technology

• Information Technology (IT) is defined as the study or use of electronic equipments, especially computers for storing, analysing and sending out information

• Communication technology is the process of sending, receiving and exchanging information

• Therefore, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is a generic term referring to technologies, which are being used for collecting, storing, editing and passing on information in various forms (SER, 1997)

ICT literacy

• ICT literacy basically involves using digital technology, communication tools and/or access, manage, integrate, evaluate and create information in order to function in knowledge society.

Instructional computing

• Instructional Computing consists of IT tools, methods and services

• It allows school to improve their teaching• It provide an enhancing learning environment

for students

Instructional IT

• Improved/expanded school-student communications e.g. e-mail, on-line chartrooms, virtual class hours

• Improved instructional logistics and communications e.g. e-syllabus, on-line submission of assignment, online testing

• Expanded and improved classrooms and laboratory instructional methods – eg simulations, visualization applications

• Use of alternative learning delivery mechanisms e.g satellite, video, cable, internet

• Access to electronic material e.g. digital library, multimedia• The IT infrastructure needed to support the above use- e.g. www, file

servers, news servers, courseware acquisition and distribution• Wired classroom with audio/visual equipment and computer projection

and instructional laboratories

ICT poses new challenges to educators

• The teachers have to learn how to use the variety of ICT applications;

• The teachers have to use, adapt and design ICT –enhanced curricula;

• They have to expand the content area of knowledge;

• They have to take new roles; and • They have to respond to individual students

New roles of teachers in ICT environment

• Learning facilitator• Collaborator• Trainer• Advisor• Knowledge manager• Curriculum designer• Instructional designer• Team coordinator• Co-learner• Assessment specialist

New learning resourcesTraditional medium (Not new/old but still used)• Lecturers• Books

ICT Medium• Computers• Multimedia• Internet• Lecturers• Books

ICT tools• Multimedia PC, laptop, notebook• CDs and DVDs. Digita video, still camera• Internet and its tools- email, browsers, websites, search engines, chat etc• Computer aided instruction and computer mediated conferenceing, video/audio conference• Digital libraries, e-books and electronic publications• Interactive TVs• Microsoft publishing-news letter, poster brochure

Advantages of ICT

• Resources sharing• Wide variety of services• Flexibility• Reliability• Faster speed• Cheaper cost

Digital techniques in education

• Word processing – documents, notes, projects, assignment

• Spreadsheet programming-records, exam scores• Databases- information storage• Graphic software – to prepare teaching-learning

resources• Developing multimedia kits- to make process interesting• Using internet and email facilities-to gain knowledge• Games and simulations-to improve quality of leaning

ICT influence in learning

• Helps to provide interactive learning experiences• Students are stimulated and motivated by the

technology• Students have comfortable learning• Visualization aids in the understanding of difficult

concepts and processes• Caters to different learning styles• Helps students to gain valuable computer skills• Aids in collaboration and group work

ICT influence on teaching

• Transforms teaching and helps teachers to be more efficient and effective

• Aids in the organisation and structure of the course and the course materials

• Provides innovative ways to help students learn the basic concepts and skills

• Aids in the provision of interesting and creative presentations of content

Computer

• Computer is a creativity machine• Computer is a information processing tool• Computer is a teaching aid

Computer technology

• Computers provide an opportunity to enhance the way students think about, manage, process and use information

• The use of computers helps us see patterns and relationships in the data that we collect and work with

• Students can learn the material at their own time and pace

• Computer based learning appeals to a variety of cognitive strengths and learning styles

World Wide Web (WWW)

• A system that allows access to information sites all over the world

• Information is presented in text, audio and video files

• Resources such as lecture notes, reading tutorials and assignments can be delivered to, and received from, students both on and off campus

Internet

• The internet consists of a vast collection of independent computers linked by national and international tele-communication networks

• Each internet site contains information (text, images, audio, video, links etc) which are accessible to the individual working from their home computer

Hypertext tools

• Hypertext consist of a complex webs of interrelated ideas/documents

• The linking of information together by highlighted key words that have been marked up creating paths through related material from sources

Hypermedia tools

• An approach to information storage and retrieval that provides multiple linkages among elements

• It allows the learner to navigate easily from one piece of information to another

• It is the storage and retrieval of text, images, audio and video files

Hyperlink

• A connection among documents in a hypermedia or hypertext format

Power point presentation

• It provides a platform for incorporating a variety of different kinds of multi-media files types: images, video, audio and animations

• It is neat and clean and it allows for portability of materials

• It is easy for professors to update, saving them time and energy

Interactive video

• A typical system consists of a combination of a compact disc, computer and video technology

• The interactive video refers broadly to software that responds to certain choices and commands by the user

• Videodisc systems store video pictures, still pictures, and sound on discs tht users can control with a videodisc player

• These systems can provide the interactive capabilities of computers and the motion-picture capabilities of videos

Video conferencing

• Video conferencing is a medium where individuals or groups can meet face to face in real time to interact and exchange ideas

• Video conferencing began in the mid 1980’s as compressed video

• Since it was introduced, communication technologies have improved exponentially

Digital library

• A digital library is a collection of textual, numeric, graphic, audio and video dta stored in digital form, indexed and logically linked for ease of retrieval

• Component of a digital library– Textual data– Numeric data– Graphics data– Photographs – Audio data– Video data

Digital library.....

• Unique features of digital library– Safe storage and multiple access of material– Ability to process numerical data published in the

literature– Ability to store variety of data – Access information from anywhere in the world– Ease of search and retrieval

E-learning

• E-learning allows for different learning experiences through:– On-line students group: allowing students to interact

with each other– On-line lecturing: allowing schools to interact with

students– On-line counselling: helps students in decision

making– On-line libraries and resource center: providing text,

document, articles for reference

E-mail

• Email enables students and school to communicate with each other and with people all over the world

• Students send questions to the instructor and instructor can transmit the answer instantaneously to all students