Multilateral Control Regimes - U.S. Department of State€¦ · Missile Technology Control Regime...
Transcript of Multilateral Control Regimes - U.S. Department of State€¦ · Missile Technology Control Regime...
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Multilateral Control Regimes
Mr. Dennis Krepp
Office of National Security and Technology Transfer Controls U.S. Department of Commerce
March 2012
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• Multilateral Control Regimes
• How can they help
• Review/Denial Criteria
Objectives
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Multilateral Control Regimes
• Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
• Australia Group (AG)
• Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Wassenaar Arrangement (WA)
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Multilateral Control Regimes …
• Contribute by establishing control lists and guidelines that most of the potential suppliers subscribe to.
• Help keep the most/best technology out of the hands of proliferators.
• Created Global Standards (UNSCRs (like 1540), adherents, lists in more modern export control systems like UAE).
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Regimes can help GCC
• They provide suggestions for items to control and how to control them (review/denial criteria)
• They provide an international standard to help ensure your controls are in line with key trading partners and neighbors
• Regimes and regime members stand ready to provide advice/assistance
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Review/Denial Criteria
• Per the regime guidelines, in the evaluation of transfer applications for control list items, the following factors will be taken into account: – Concerns about the proliferation of items of concern;
– The capabilities and objectives of the programs of the recipient state;
– The significance of the transfer in terms of the potential development of programs of concern;
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Review/Denial Criteria
– The assessment of the end use of the transfers, including the relevant assurances of the recipient state;
– The applicability of relevant multilateral agreements;
– The risk of controlled items falling into the hands of terrorist groups and individuals.
– Regime Guidelines also contain provisions to provide for catch-all controls.
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Summary
• Multilateral controls regimes provide an internationally accepted standard for control lists and review/denial criteria
• Stand ready to provide advice and assistance
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Backup slides
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Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
• Seeks to limit the proliferation of missiles capable of delivering WMD and related technology.
• Controls equipment, software, and
technology needed for missile development, production, and operation.
Objective: To combat missile proliferation, in particular by controlling the transfer of equipment and technology that could contribute to missiles capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction (WMD).
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Australia Group (AG)
“The principal objective of participants in
the AG is to ensure, through licensing measures on
the export of certain chemicals, biological
agents, and dual-use chemical and biological
manufacturing facilities and equipment, that
exports of these items from their countries do
not contribute to the spread of chemical and
biological weapons (CBW).”
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Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Objective is to avert the proliferation of nuclear weapons and prevent acts of nuclear terrorism
• Suppliers have procedures in relation to the transfer of certain equipment, materials, software, and related technology that could make a major contribution to a “nuclear explosive activity,” an “unsafeguarded nuclear fuel-cycle activity” or acts of nuclear terrorism
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Wassenaar Arrangement (WA)
• WA established to contribute to regional and international security and stability
• Promotes transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies
• Seeks to ensure that transfers of these items do not contribute to the development or enhancement of military capabilities which undermine these goals
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