Mulciber Stove Testing Summary

Testing Overview Six Sampling Periodso Warm-Startup – 5 min. after loading for 15 min.

o Warm-Steady State – 50 min. after loading for 30 min.

o Hot-Startup – 5 min. after loading for 15 min.

o Hot-Steady State – 50 min. after loading for 30 min.

o Wet-Startup – 5 min. after loading for 15 min.oNo Dilution Tunnel Particulates

o Wet-Steady State – 50 min. after loading for 30 min.oNo Dilution Tunnel ParticulatesoNo Testo Data

Testing MethodsTESTO

g/m3

g/hr (Estimated)

PPM (CO)

Efficiency (Estimated)

DILUTION TUNNEL

g/hr

PPM (CO) ◦ In the Dilution Tunnel, not the Stack

Caveats1. None of these are official test methods;

we aren’t claiming an EPA test

2. No tests were run constantly, we only have snapshots of data

3. Our burn rate was approximately 3.3 kg/hr

4. Our fan pulls in fresh air to cool itself1. Air is diluted by 1/3 (Approximately 15%

Oxygen instead of a more typical 10% in all tests)

2. This impacts PPM and g/m3

3. This does not change grams per hour

Particulates (g/m3 and g/hr)

NOTE: TESTO AND DILUTION TUNNEL APPEAR TO BE COMPARABLE DURING STEADY STATE, BUT NOT DURING START UP.

THEORY: THE TESTO DOES NOT CAPTURE UNBURNED HYDROCARBONS. IF THIS IS THE CASE, UNBURNED HYDROCARBONS MAKE UP A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF PARTICULATES DURING START UP.

Carbon Monoxide (PPM)

Efficiency

Thermal efficiency estimated based upon heat released and heat lost

E=1- (Heat Exhausted/Heat Produced)

Overview

Category ivNON-CATALYTIC STOVE

MAXIMUM BURN RATE

RUN # 1 2 3 AVERAGE

Date 19-May 20-May 21-May

Particulate Emissions Units

Concentration mg/m^3 6.933 6.747 7.037 6.905

Emissions Rate grams/hr 4.291 4.159 4.355 4.268

Emissions Factor grams/kg 1.399 1.422 1.269 1.363

Total Mass Captured mg 8.300 8.050 7.200 7.850

Fuel Burn Rates

Average Burn Rate

kg/hr (dry) 2.46 2.33 2.57 2.45

lb/hr (dry) 5.43 5.13 5.67 5.41

Fuel Weight and Burn Time

Density (dry basis) gm/cm^3 N/A N/A N/A N/A

Coal Bed Weight lbs 6.3 5.6 5.1 5.7

Pre Test Fuel (inc. kindling) lbs 28.8 22.5 28.3 26.5

Test Fuel lbs 24.4 23.9 24.2 24.2

Burn Time min 213.92 219.92 190.42 208.1* Sampled in dilution tunnel

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Analyzer 1

528.95

793.35

760.725

1558 152.475

79.6875

1923.95

26466.687

5

2058 7960.875

1240 15307.6

Analyzer 2

742.0125

582.9 270.825

1705 37.2 526.4 4331 10750.4

2910.375

10852.05

13066.2

707.35

2500

7500

12500

17500

22500

27500

CO Emissions from 2013 Wood Stove Design Challenge

Stove

CO (p

pm)

*15 minute snap shot of steady state sampled directly in stack, not representative of entire burn