Mughal India
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Transcript of Mughal India
Mughal India
Agenda1. Bell Ringer: What is an achievement of the Ottoman
Empire?2. Lecture: Safavid Empire and Mughal India3. Taj Mahal and Mughal Art, an interpretation of an Empire.4. The Good, The Bad, and the Leaders of the Mughal
Empire.5. Ottoman vs. Safavid vs. Mughal6. Test Review/Policy regarding correction. 7. Mughal Dynasty Video
HW: Quick Quiz on Mughal, Ottoman, and Safavid Empires
Rough time in India
• From 1000 AD through 1600 AD, ruled by the Mongols, over 33 sultans of Turkish origin, and, Timur the Lame showed up…
• “not a bird moved in the city” for 2 months.
• 1494, a kid changes everything.
Babur
• 11 years old when he took power.– Elders attempted to keep
him out, but he built an army and took over.
• Strong, benevolent ruler.• He would quell any fear
before going into battle.• Unfortunately, son lost all
territory.
Akbar (1556-1605)• Grandson of Babur• Allowed religious freedom.• Taxation based on value of the
crops.• Anyone could reach a high
level office.– Even conquered people.
• Militarily strong, used cannons like the Ottomans.
• Hindi and Urdu local language.• Akbarnamah • Architecture, intricate
stonework with Hindu themes.
Jahanjir and the wife “Nur Jahan” (1605-1632)
• Jahanjir, son of Akbar• Nur Jahan was the wife, and
had the power.• Brilliant Politician, enjoyed
tiger hunting and writing poetry.
• Original heir Khusrau, but he rebelled at the thought of one religion in India.
• Khusrau would turn to the Sikh’s for support. Nur Jahan would have them killed.
Shah Jahan(1632-1657)• Brother of Khusrau, and son
of Nur Jahan.• Secured the throne through
assassination.• Taj Mahal constructed for
his wife, who died in childbirth.
• Extravagance does not filter to peasants, who were very poor. Famine was common.
• When he becomes ill, his son seizes power and puts Shah Jahan in prison.
Aurangzeb (1658-1707)• Ruled from 1658-1707.• Expanded the empire, but it
became weaker over time.• Oppression common,
– No drinking, gambling, and only one religion.
• Censors were used to keep people in line.
• Additional taxes for non-Muslim populations.
• Enemies are everywhere.– Repeated attacks exhaust
resources.
Image Interpretation• What is portrayed in
the following image? • What does this say
about the Mughal Dynasty?
How does this building symbolize the Mughal Dynasty?