MSU Pesticide Education Turfgrass Pest Management (Category 3A) Weeds of Turfgrass Chapter 7.
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Transcript of MSU Pesticide Education Turfgrass Pest Management (Category 3A) Weeds of Turfgrass Chapter 7.
MSU Pesticide Education
Turfgrass Pest Turfgrass Pest Management (Category 3A)Management (Category 3A)
Weeds of TurfgrassWeeds of TurfgrassChapter 7Chapter 7
MSU Pesticide Education
WeedsWeeds Compete with turf for:Compete with turf for:
– Growing spaceGrowing space
– WaterWater
– NutrientsNutrients
– SunlightSunlight
MSU Pesticide Education
Weed and Site ConditionsWeed and Site Conditions Weeds can thrive in poor conditionsWeeds can thrive in poor conditions
– Shade: ground ivy, common chickweedShade: ground ivy, common chickweed– Compacted soil: knotweed, annual bluegrassCompacted soil: knotweed, annual bluegrass
KnotweedGround ivy
MSU Pesticide Education
Weeds and Site ConditionsWeeds and Site Conditions– Wet areas: nutsedge, white clover, annual Wet areas: nutsedge, white clover, annual
bluegrassbluegrass– Heavy wear: yarrow, spurge, knotweedHeavy wear: yarrow, spurge, knotweed
SpurgeNutsedge
MSU Pesticide Education
The success of weed management depends on choosing tactics based on the biology of the specific weed.
MSU Pesticide Education
Weed BiologyWeed Biology Monocot-narrow Monocot-narrow
leaf:leaf:– Parallel leaf veinsParallel leaf veins
– Growing points at Growing points at or below soil levelor below soil level
– Only herbaceous Only herbaceous monocots found in monocots found in MIMI
Dicot-broadleaf:Dicot-broadleaf:– Veins radiate out from Veins radiate out from
main veinmain vein
– Above and below Above and below ground growing ground growing pointspoints
– Woody and Woody and herbaceousherbaceous
MSU Pesticide Education
MonocotMonocot GrassesGrasses
– Annual (crabgrass)Annual (crabgrass)– Perennial (tall fescue)Perennial (tall fescue)
SedgeSedge– NutsedgeNutsedge
LilyLily– Wild garlicWild garlic
MSU Pesticide Education
DicotDicot Many families of dicot weed species:Many families of dicot weed species:
– Composite (dandelion)Composite (dandelion)
– Mustard (shepherdspurse)Mustard (shepherdspurse)
– Carrot (wild carrot)Carrot (wild carrot)
– Morning glory (field bindweed)Morning glory (field bindweed)
MSU Pesticide Education
Plant Development StagesPlant Development Stages 1. Seedling1. Seedling
– Tender and Tender and vulnerable to vulnerable to stressesstresses
2. Vegetative2. Vegetative
– Great uptake of Great uptake of water and nutrientswater and nutrients
3. Seed production3. Seed production
– Slow uptake of water Slow uptake of water and nutrients directed and nutrients directed to flower, fruit, seedto flower, fruit, seed
4. Maturity4. Maturity– Little uptake of water Little uptake of water
and nutrientsand nutrients
– Low energy Low energy productionproduction
MSU Pesticide Education
The development stage of a weed affects how it responds to your management tactics.
Seedling: Susceptible to cultural methods.
Vegetative: Rapid herbicide uptake.
MSU Pesticide Education
Weed Life CyclesWeed Life Cycles
AnnualAnnual
– SummerSummer
– WinterWinter
BiennialBiennial
PerennialPerennial
1998
MSU Pesticide Education
Weed SeasonalityWeed Seasonality Cool-season plantsCool-season plants
– Grow best during cool periods of spring Grow best during cool periods of spring and falland fall
– Winter annuals; some perennialsWinter annuals; some perennials
Warm-season plantsWarm-season plants
– Remain dormant or do not germinate until Remain dormant or do not germinate until May or JuneMay or June
– Summer annuals; some perennialsSummer annuals; some perennials
MSU Pesticide Education
Grass or Sedge??
Weed identification is key to a successful weed management program. Have references available.
MSU Pesticide Education
Keep records of weed populations and effectiveness of your management efforts.
MSU Pesticide Education
Managing Turf WeedsManaging Turf Weeds
1.1. Maintain vigorous turf stands.Maintain vigorous turf stands.
2.2. Prevent seed production.Prevent seed production.
3.3. Prevent seed germination.Prevent seed germination.
MSU Pesticide Education
Managing Turf WeedsManaging Turf Weeds4.4. Eliminate weed seedlings.Eliminate weed seedlings.
5.5. Target susceptible stages of Target susceptible stages of developed developed weeds .weeds .
seedling vegetative flowering mature0
25
50
75
100
seedling vegetative flowering mature
% Control
MSU Pesticide Education
There are many herbicides marketed for turf weed management. Understand their characteristics and read the label carefully.
MSU Pesticide Education
Herbicide CharacteristicsHerbicide Characteristics
ContactContact
SystemicSystemic
PersistentPersistent
Non- persistentNon- persistent
SelectiveSelective
Non- selectiveNon- selective
Pre- emergentPre- emergent
Post- emergentPost- emergent
MSU Pesticide Education
Herbicide Action and Herbicide Action and Weed CharacteristicsWeed Characteristics
Growing pointsGrowing points
Leaf shapeLeaf shape
Wax and cuticleWax and cuticle
Leaf hairsLeaf hairs
DeactivationDeactivation
Life cycle stageLife cycle stage
MSU Pesticide Education
Herbicide Action and Herbicide Action and WeatherWeather
Control depends on conditions Control depends on conditions during and after application:during and after application:– Rains may leach the herbicideRains may leach the herbicide– Light rain may be needed to activate the Light rain may be needed to activate the
herbicideherbicide– Sunlight and heat may increase Sunlight and heat may increase
volatilityvolatility– Wind increases driftWind increases drift
Read and follow the label!Read and follow the label!