Anatomy Midterm Review

Topic: The Skeletal System

Part I. Classification of bones, bone formation, structure of the bone

1. What does the axial system consist of?

2. What does the appendicular system consist of?

3. What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

4. What are the 4 types of bones? Give example of each.

5. Label the following diagram

6. Bones are remodeled continually in response to changes in which 2 factors. Explain each factor.

7. Which types of cells build bones, which type of cells break down bones?

8. Explain each of the following fracture:a. Simple

b. Compound

c. Communited

d. Spiral

e. Compression

f. Depressed

g. Impacted

Part II. Axial Skeleton

1. Skull bones

2. What is the major marking on the occipital bone?

3. List 3 facial bones that are unpaired.

4. What’s so special about the hyoid bone?

Part III. Vertebral/appendicular/thorax

1. What are the 3 types of vertebrae? How many of each?

2. What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column?

3. What is primary curvature? What is secondary curvature? Give example of each.

4. What are the names of the first 2 cervical vertebrae?

5. What are the distinguishing features of cervical vertebrae?

6. What are the distinguishing features of thoracic vertebrae?

7. What are the distinguishing features of lumbar vertebrae?

8. What does the pectoral girdle contains?

9. Out of the 12 pairs of ribs, how many are true ribs, how many are false ribs and how many are floating ribs?

10. What are the 3 functional classifications of joints? What does each classification mean?

11. What are the 4 distinguishing features of synovial joints?

Axial Skeleton Cranium

Important Vocabulary:Coronal suture Parietal bone Temporal bone Lambdoid suture Squamous suture Occipital bone Zygomatic process External auditory metus Mastoid process Styloid process Frontal bone Sphenoid boneEthmoid bone Lacrimal bone Nasal bone Zygomatic bone Maxilla Mandible Hyoid bone

Bony ThoraxImportant vocabulary:True ribs, false ribs, floating ribs, costal cartilage

Appendicular skeletonImportant bones:Clavicle, Scapula, Fossa, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges, Ilium, Ischium, Pubis, Femur, Acetabulum, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals