Mr. Wilmot’s Kick-Butt Keystone Exam Review May 2014.
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Transcript of Mr. Wilmot’s Kick-Butt Keystone Exam Review May 2014.
Mr. Wilmot’s Kick-ButtKeystone Exam Review
May 2014
CLUES!
1) All living things are made up of cell(s).
onion cellscheek cellscardiac cells leaf cells
parameciumeuglena
amoebabacterium
• CELL THEORY states that:
i) Living things are made up of ____ or _____ cells.
ii) All cells come from __________ cells.
iii) The cell is the basic unit of ___ .
one more
pre-existing
life
unicellular multicellular
are called __________.
and other _______________ organelles are called _________.
• Cells can come in TWO CATEGORIES:
i) Cells that contain a ___________membrane bound eukaryotic
ii) Cells that have DNA which is NOT surrounded by a _________ and which have no _______________ organelles prokaryotic
membrane bound
membrane
true nucleus
CLUES!
2) All living things reproduce.
• The main PURPOSE of reproduction is to produce ________ which ensures ______ continuity from
generation to generation.
• There are two MAIN TYPES of reproduction:
a) The type involving ______ and ____
offspring genetic
sexual
b) The type NOT involving sperm and egg is called _______ reproduction.
asexual
eggsperm
gametes
(otherwise known as_______ ) is called ______ reproduction.
CLUES!
3) All living things move.
a) ______ growth movements are ______________ responses to stimuli.
b) ______ growth movements are __________ responses to stimuli.
• Organisms that are free moving (can move on their own) exhibit movement called __________.
non-directionalTropic
locomotion
• Organisms that are NOT free moving exhibit movements called ________________growth movements
Nasticdirectional
nastic movements in mimosas
thigmotropism in vines
phototropism in pinto beans
nastic movements in lungworts
of which there are TWO TYPES:
CLUES!
4) All living things acquire and use energy.
They must ________ other organisms for energy.
along with the energy found in _______
• ACQUIRING energy can be done in two major ways:
a) Some organisms called __________
b) Some organisms called ____________heterotrophs
photosynthesis
chlorophyll
autotrophs
sunlight
consume
can MAKE their own glucose using a green pigment called __________
in a process called _____________.
CANNOT make their own glucose.
which can be divided into two branches:
• USING energy is done through ________________ within the cells of an organism.
• The sum of these chemical reactions is called an organism’s __________metabolism
small and simple
molecules
large and complex
molecules
ii) _________ is the BREAK DOWN of large and complex molecules into small and simple ones.
Catabolismi) _________ is the BUILDING UP of large and complex molecules from small and simple ones.
Anabolism
chemical reactions
CLUES!
5) All living things grow and develop.
which involves gaining more ______ (the liquid) and _________ (the machinery of the cell).
• For a unicellular organism to grow and develop, it must increase the volume of its _________, cytoplasm
cell growth and division
cytosol organelles
• For a multicellular organism to grow and develop, it must undergo cell _______ and ____________ . division specialization
Cells specialize into different types of tissues.
CLUES!
6) All living things have levels of organization.
molecule
atom
macro-molecule
organelle
cell
tissues
organ
organ system
organism
CLUES!
7) All living things contain genetic information.
However, viruses do not exhibit some of the other characteristics of life, and are therefore classified as ________ .
• This genetic information comes in the form of a molecule called ____
• Viruses also contain genetic information in the form of DNA or ____ (in retroviruses).
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
RNA
non-living
DNA
which stands for ___________________.
CLUES!
8) All living things respond to their environment.
wintersummer
water
goldenrod goldenrod gall
goldenrod gall fly goldenrod gall fly larvae
• These changes may be in their _______ environment or their _______ environment.
• All living things respond to _______ (stimuli) in their environment.
changes
internalexternal
InsulinResponse
• This response to change brings the organism back to equilibrium or ___________homeostasis constant which is a ________ internal state.
CLUES!
9) All living things adapt and evolve.
whale evolution
that allow them to SURVIVE and REPRODUCE better than others are said to have more ______ .
which he called ______________.
came up with a mechanism for ________• The British naturalist named _____________
• Individuals with traits or __________
• Due to random _________ in DNA, individuals will differ in genetically determined traits.
Charles Darwinevolution
natural selection
mutations
fitness
adaptations