Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Iroquois High School Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Iroquois High School.
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Transcript of Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Iroquois High School Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Iroquois High School.
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Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni
Iroquois High School
Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni
Iroquois High School
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Key TermsChristopher Columbus: Italian Explorer who sails
for Spain. “Discovers” America in 1492.Columbian Exchange: Transfer of goods from the
New World to Europe, and Europe to the New World.
Conquistador: “Conquerer”. Cortez, Pizzarro. Claimed land for Spain.
Encomienda System: Spanish Colonies exist to benefit Spain. Must trade only with Spain, social classes benefit Spain.
Imperialism: Control of the P.E.R.S.I.A. of another group of people.
Mercantilism: Power is obtained through colonies and the raw materials they supply.
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Key TermsMiddle Passage: nickname given to the journey
of slaves from Africa to the New World.Spanish Armada: Naval attack defeated by
England in 1588. Ended Spanish dominance in the New World.
“The Encounter”: Nickname given to Columbus discovering America.
Vasco Da Gama: Sailed for Portugal. First explorer to sail around Africa to India.
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Fall of Constantinople: 1453• Ottoman Turks (Muslims) conquer
Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire.
• Effects:– Rise of Islamic Empire– Greek/Byzantine Scholars brought
ideas to Western Europe.– Land trade routes between Europe
and Asia shut down.
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Why Did Europe Explore?
1. Muslims controlled land routes to Asia. European people DEMAND goods from Asia.
2. Spread Christianity
3. Finding a route would bring fame and fortune.
G, G, GGod. Glory. Gold.
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Prince Henry, the Prince Henry, the NavigatorNavigator
Prince Henry, the Prince Henry, the NavigatorNavigator
School for Navigation, 1419
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Known WorldIn 1491
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New Maritime New Maritime TechnologiesTechnologiesNew Maritime New Maritime TechnologiesTechnologies
Hartman Astrolabe
(1532)
Better Maps [Portulan]
Mariner’s Compass
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New Weapons New Weapons TechnologyTechnology
New Weapons New Weapons TechnologyTechnology
Superior Spanish Weapons
pen
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Vasco Da Gama opens the door to trade with Asia by sea routes, sails around Africa.
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Christopher Columbus [1451-Christopher Columbus [1451-1506]1506]
Christopher Columbus [1451-Christopher Columbus [1451-1506]1506]
Voyage
East
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Columbus’ Four Columbus’ Four VoyagesVoyages
Columbus’ Four Columbus’ Four VoyagesVoyages
Finding Land
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Other Voyages of ExplorationOther Voyages of ExplorationOther Voyages of ExplorationOther Voyages of Exploration
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1494 :The Pope’s Line of 1494 :The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation
1494 :The Pope’s Line of 1494 :The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation
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Ferdinand Magellan is the first man to circumnavigate the globe--1519* Proves the world is round
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Atlantic ExplorationsAtlantic ExplorationsAtlantic ExplorationsAtlantic Explorations
Looking for “El Dorado”Looking for “El Dorado”
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Conquistadors
•Cortez conquers AZTECS (Mexico)•Pizzaro conquers INCAS (South America)
•End of Latin American Ancient Empires
•Easily defeated due to guns, disease.
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Fernando CortezFernando CortezFernando CortezFernando Cortez
The First Spanish Conquests:The First Spanish Conquests:The AztecsThe Aztecs
The First Spanish Conquests:The First Spanish Conquests:The AztecsThe Aztecs
Montezuma IIMontezuma IIMontezuma IIMontezuma II
vsvs..
vsvs..
The CONQUISTADORS
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The Death of The Death of Montezuma IIMontezuma IIThe Death of The Death of Montezuma IIMontezuma II
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Aztecs Surrender to Aztecs Surrender to CortezCortez
Aztecs Surrender to Aztecs Surrender to CortezCortez
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Francisco Francisco PizarroPizarro
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:
The The IncasIncas
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:
The The IncasIncas
AtahualpaAtahualpa
vsvs..
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MERCANTILISM• Economic policy by which a nation sought Economic policy by which a nation sought
to export more than it imported in order to to export more than it imported in order to build its national wealth through gold. build its national wealth through gold.
• OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS FROM OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS FROM COLONIESCOLONIES
• COLONIES = GOLD = POWERCOLONIES = GOLD = POWER
• ColoniesColonies exist for the benefit of the exist for the benefit of the MOTHER COUNTRYMOTHER COUNTRY. (Spain. (Spain Latin America) Latin America)
• COLUMBIAN EXCHANGECOLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
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Treasures from the Treasures from the Americas.Americas.
Treasures from the Treasures from the Americas.Americas.
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The The EncomiendaEncomienda Class Class SystemSystem
The The EncomiendaEncomienda Class Class SystemSystem
PeninsularPeninsulareses CreolesCreoles
MestizoMestizoss
MulattMulattosos
Native IndiansNative Indians African African SlavesSlaves
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European Empires in the European Empires in the AmericasAmericas
European Empires in the European Empires in the AmericasAmericas
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Slaves Working in a Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar MillBrazilian Sugar MillSlaves Working in a Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar MillBrazilian Sugar Mill
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New Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial Rivals
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Effects of European Effects of European ExpansionExpansion
Effects of European Effects of European ExpansionExpansion1. Natives destroyed by disease.
2. New products introduced across the continents “Columbian Exchange”.
3. Great wealth to leaders of Spain, England, France.
4. Slave Trade. “Middle Passage”
5. Deepened colonial rivalries.
-Spain vs. England (Spanish Armada)
-France vs. England (French / Indian War
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European Exploration of the New World
CAUSES-Crusades-Printing Press, Maps-New Technology-Desire for Wealth-Mercantilism
EFFECTS (Results)-Mercantilism & Columbian Exchange-Native American Civilizations destroyed-European Colonies settle in New World-Slavery (Middle Passage)-Spread of Christianity-European Rivalries