Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School.
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Transcript of Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School.
Mr. PagliaroMr. Pagliaro
Seymour High SchoolSeymour High School
Mr. PagliaroMr. Pagliaro
Seymour High SchoolSeymour High School
Theories on prehistory and Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change early man constantly change as new evidence comes to as new evidence comes to light. light. - Louis Leakey, British - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist paleoanthropologist
Theories on prehistory and Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change early man constantly change as new evidence comes to as new evidence comes to light. light. - Louis Leakey, British - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist paleoanthropologist
Paleolithic AgePaleolithic Age::( Old Stone Age )( Old Stone Age )
2,500,000 BC 2,500,000 BC to 8,000 BC to 8,000 BC
Paleolithic AgePaleolithic Age::( Old Stone Age )( Old Stone Age )
2,500,000 BC 2,500,000 BC to 8,000 BC to 8,000 BC
1. 1. 4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BCBC1. 1. 4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BCBC2. 2. 1,500,000 BC - 250,000 BC1,500,000 BC - 250,000 BC2. 2. 1,500,000 BC - 250,000 BC1,500,000 BC - 250,000 BC
3. 3. 250,000 BC – 30,000 BC250,000 BC – 30,000 BC3. 3. 250,000 BC – 30,000 BC250,000 BC – 30,000 BC
4. 4. 30,000 BC – c. 10,000 30,000 BC – c. 10,000 BCBC4. 4. 30,000 BC – c. 10,000 30,000 BC – c. 10,000 BCBC
““Paleolithic”Paleolithic” --> --> “Old Stone” “Old Stone” AgeAge
““Paleolithic”Paleolithic” --> --> “Old Stone” “Old Stone” AgeAge 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE
hunting (men) & gathering (women) hunting (men) & gathering (women) small bands of 20-30 humans small bands of 20-30 humans hunting (men) & gathering (women) hunting (men) & gathering (women) small bands of 20-30 humans small bands of 20-30 humans
NOMADICNOMADIC (moving from place to place) (moving from place to place) NOMADICNOMADIC (moving from place to place) (moving from place to place)
Made Made toolstools
Made Made toolstools
4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BC4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BC4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BC4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BC
Hominids Hominids --> any member--> any member of the family of two-legged of the family of two-legged primates that includes all primates that includes all humans. humans.
Hominids Hominids --> any member--> any member of the family of two-legged of the family of two-legged primates that includes all primates that includes all humans. humans.
AustralopithecinesAustralopithecines AustralopithecinesAustralopithecines
An An opposable opposable thumb thumb
An An opposable opposable thumb thumb
HOMO HABILISHOMO HABILIS ( “Man of Skills” ) ( “Man of Skills” )
HOMO HABILISHOMO HABILIS ( “Man of Skills” ) ( “Man of Skills” )
found in East found in East Africa.Africa.
found in East found in East Africa.Africa. created stone created stone tools.tools.
created stone created stone tools.tools.
Humans during this period found shelter in Humans during this period found shelter in caves.caves.
Humans during this period found shelter in Humans during this period found shelter in caves.caves. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind. Cave paintings left behind.
Purpose??Purpose??Purpose??Purpose??
1,600,000 BC – 30,000 BC1,600,000 BC – 30,000 BC1,600,000 BC – 30,000 BC1,600,000 BC – 30,000 BC
HOMO ERECTUS HOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Person” )( “Upright Person” )
HOMO ERECTUS HOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Person” )( “Upright Person” )
Larger and more varied Larger and more varied tools tools primitive technology primitive technology
Larger and more varied Larger and more varied tools tools primitive technology primitive technology
First hominid to migrate andFirst hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and leave Africa for Europe and Asia…Why? Asia…Why?
First hominid to migrate andFirst hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and leave Africa for Europe and Asia…Why? Asia…Why?
First to use fire ( 500,000 BC )First to use fire ( 500,000 BC ) First to use fire ( 500,000 BC )First to use fire ( 500,000 BC )
FULLY BIPEDFULLY BIPED FULLY BIPEDFULLY BIPED
Are we all Africans in origin?Are we all Africans in origin?Are we all Africans in origin?Are we all Africans in origin?
200,000 BC – 10,000 BC200,000 BC – 10,000 BC200,000 BC – 10,000 BC200,000 BC – 10,000 BC
HOMO SAPIENSHOMO SAPIENS ( “Wise Human Being” )( “Wise Human Being” )
HOMO SAPIENSHOMO SAPIENS ( “Wise Human Being” )( “Wise Human Being” )
NeanderthalsNeanderthals( 200,000 BC – 30,000 BC )( 200,000 BC – 30,000 BC )
NeanderthalsNeanderthals( 200,000 BC – 30,000 BC )( 200,000 BC – 30,000 BC )
Homo Sapiens Homo Sapiens Sapiens (Cro-Sapiens (Cro-
Magnons)Magnons)( 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC )( 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC )
Homo Sapiens Homo Sapiens Sapiens (Cro-Sapiens (Cro-
Magnons)Magnons)( 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC )( 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC )
NEANDERTHALS:NEANDERTHALS:NEANDERTHALS:NEANDERTHALS:
Neander Valley, Neander Valley, Germany (1856) Germany (1856)
Neander Valley, Neander Valley, Germany (1856) Germany (1856)
First humans to buryFirst humans to bury their dead. their dead.
First humans to buryFirst humans to bury their dead. their dead.
Made clothes fromMade clothes from animal skins. animal skins.
Made clothes fromMade clothes from animal skins. animal skins.
Lived in caves andLived in caves and tents. tents.
Lived in caves andLived in caves and tents. tents.
NEANDERTHALSNEANDERTHALSNEANDERTHALSNEANDERTHALS
Early Hut/TentEarly Hut/TentEarly Hut/TentEarly Hut/Tent
CRO-MAGNONs:CRO-MAGNONs:CRO-MAGNONs:CRO-MAGNONs: Homo sapiens sapiensHomo sapiens sapiens ( “Wise, wise human” )( “Wise, wise human” )
Homo sapiens sapiensHomo sapiens sapiens ( “Wise, wise human” )( “Wise, wise human” )
By 30,000 BCE theyBy 30,000 BCE they replaced replaced Neanderthals.Neanderthals.
WHY???WHY??? WHY???WHY???
70,000 BC – 10,000 BC70,000 BC – 10,000 BC70,000 BC – 10,000 BC70,000 BC – 10,000 BC
““Neolithic”Neolithic” “New Stone” “New Stone” AgeAge
““Neolithic”Neolithic” “New Stone” “New Stone” AgeAge 10,000 BC – 4,000 BC10,000 BC – 4,000 BC 10,000 BC – 4,000 BC10,000 BC – 4,000 BC
Gradual shift Gradual shift from:from:
Gradual shift Gradual shift from:from:Nomadic lifestyle Nomadic lifestyle settled, stationery settled, stationery lifestyle.lifestyle.Nomadic lifestyle Nomadic lifestyle settled, stationery settled, stationery lifestyle.lifestyle.
Hunting/Gathering Hunting/Gathering agricultural agricultural production and production and domestication of animals.domestication of animals.
Hunting/Gathering Hunting/Gathering agricultural agricultural production and production and domestication of animals.domestication of animals.
8,000 BC – 5,000 BC8,000 BC – 5,000 BC 8,000 BC – 5,000 BC8,000 BC – 5,000 BC
Agriculture developed independently inAgriculture developed independently in different parts of the world. different parts of the world. Agriculture developed independently inAgriculture developed independently in different parts of the world. different parts of the world.
SLASH-AND-BURN FarmingSLASH-AND-BURN Farming SLASH-AND-BURN FarmingSLASH-AND-BURN Farming
Middle East India Central America China Southeast AsiaMiddle East India Central America China Southeast Asia
8,000 BC 7,000 BC 6,500 BC 6,000 BC 5,000 BC8,000 BC 7,000 BC 6,500 BC 6,000 BC 5,000 BC
Middle East India Central America China Southeast AsiaMiddle East India Central America China Southeast Asia
8,000 BC 7,000 BC 6,500 BC 6,000 BC 5,000 BC8,000 BC 7,000 BC 6,500 BC 6,000 BC 5,000 BC
DevelopmenDevelopment t
of of AgricultureAgriculture
DevelopmenDevelopment t
of of AgricultureAgriculture
?
?
?
?
What are the possible outcomes of the this What are the possible outcomes of the this shift?shift?
Why do you think the development of
agriculture occurred around the same time
in several different places?
Why do you think the development of
agriculture occurred around the same time
in several different places?
Why do some archaeologists
believe that women were the first
farmers?
Why do some archaeologists
believe that women were the first
farmers?
Growing crops on a regular basis made possible Growing crops on a regular basis made possible the the support of larger populations. support of larger populations.
Growing crops on a regular basis made possible Growing crops on a regular basis made possible the the support of larger populations. support of larger populations. More permanent, settled communities emerged.More permanent, settled communities emerged. More permanent, settled communities emerged.More permanent, settled communities emerged.
9,000 BC 9,000 BC Earliest Agricultural Settlement at Earliest Agricultural Settlement at JARMOJARMO ( northern Iraq ) ( northern Iraq ) wheatwheat
9,000 BC 9,000 BC Earliest Agricultural Settlement at Earliest Agricultural Settlement at JARMOJARMO ( northern Iraq ) ( northern Iraq ) wheatwheat
8,000 BC 8,000 BC Largest Early Settlement at Largest Early Settlement at ÇÇatal atal HHüüyükyük ( Modern Turkey ) ( Modern Turkey ) 6,000 inhabitants 6,000 inhabitants
8,000 BC 8,000 BC Largest Early Settlement at Largest Early Settlement at ÇÇatal atal HHüüyükyük ( Modern Turkey ) ( Modern Turkey ) 6,000 inhabitants 6,000 inhabitants
Division of laborDivision of labor Division of laborDivision of labor
Engaged in tradeEngaged in trade Engaged in tradeEngaged in trade
Organized religionOrganized religion Organized religionOrganized religion
Small militarySmall military Small militarySmall military
12 cultivated 12 cultivated cropscrops
12 cultivated 12 cultivated cropscrops
An obsidian daggerAn obsidian dagger
Çatal Çatal HüyükHüyükÇatal Çatal HüyükHüyük
What role did the food supply play in
shaping the nomadic life of hunter-
gatherers and the settled life of the
farmers?
What role did the food supply play in
shaping the nomadic life of hunter-
gatherers and the settled life of the
farmers?
AdvancedAdvanced
CitiesCities
SpecializedSpecialized
WorkersWorkers
ComplexComplex
InstitutionsInstitutions
Record-Record-
KeepingKeeping
AdvancedAdvanced
TechnologyTechnology
Book’s 5 Characteristics
CitiesCities
GovernmentGovernment
Written Written RecordsRecords
ReligiousReligiousActivityActivity
SocialSocialClassClass
StructureStructure
Mr. Pagliaro’s 6 Mr. Pagliaro’s 6 CharacteristicsCharacteristics
ArtisticArtisticActivityActivity