Mr. Green

SPANISH CONQUESTS

OTHER EXPLORERS• Ferdinand Magellan- In 1519, he decided to do

the boldest exploration yet- Sail from Spain around the southern tip of South America through the Pacific all the way back to Spain

• This is known as Circumnavigating the World

• Unfortunately, Magellan died in the Philippines

HERNANDO CORTES • Looking to claim land for Spain, Cortes marched

his army inland

• He and other Spaniards are known as CONQUESTADORS

• He and his men carved out land in present day Mexico, South America, and the United States looking for GOLD AND SILVER

CORTES CONQUERS THE AZTECS • Bringing a force of 600 men,

Cortes marched into the Aztec Capital of Tenochtitlan

• Emperor Montezuma thought he was a God; Cortes said, “we have a disease of the heart and only Gold can cure it”

WAR• One of Cortes’ men killed some Aztecs-this created a

problem

• After one year of fighting, Cortes conquered the Aztecs in 1521

• Spanish Advantages: Weaponry, Spanish Allies within Mexico, and Disease

• Since Native Americans had never been exposed to smallpox, measles, or typhus- killing 10 million in just 5 years

SPANISH CONQUEST OF PERU• Spaniard Francisco Pizarro defeated the Incan

Empire and ruler Atahualpa

KEY TERMS• Mestizo- Mixed Spanish and Native American

Population

• Encomienda- Forced slavery of Native Americans

• Encomienda abolished in 1542…But turned to African Slaves instead

Mr. Green

EUROPEAN NATIONS SETTLE NORTH AMERICA

COMPETING CLAIMS FOR NORTH AMERICA

• The Following Nations are involved:

1. France

2. Britain

3. Netherlands

4. Spain

***FOLLOW WITH WORKSHEET (PG. 16)***New France

Explorers: Giovanni da Verrazzano, Jacques Cartier, and Sam de Champlain

Reasons for Exploration: Wanted to make money off the land through trade with Native Americans and through Fur Trade. Quebec City was founded

JAMESTOWN Founders: 100 Settlers of Investors from England to charter a colony in 1606

Significance: Over first ten years, 7 out of 10 people died from starvation, disease, and attacks with Native Americans- BUT were able to hold on and have England gain a foothold in the New World

PLYMOUTHReasons for Colonization: Pilgrims(came because they were persecuted for their beliefs in England) and Puritans(Came ten years later for the same reasons but settled in nearby Massachusetts Bay)

NEW NETHERLANDSLand Claims: Hudson River(New York) to Hudson Bay(Canada)

Reasons: Fur Trading

NEVER ENDING STRUGGLE

English kick out the Dutch and have 1.2 million settlers in 13 Colonies

England wanted to push West but collided with France-this will cause a problem

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Colonists and British against French and Indians

After defeating the French, the British seized control of the Eastern part of North America

SETTLERS VS NATIVESKing Phillips War: Native American ruler Metacom and his men attacked settlers

Disease wiped out most of Nativea- leaving Africans the next option for labor for colonists

GOOD JOB TODAY! (ME AT JAMESTOWN)