Physiography of Pakistan

Mountains of Pakistan

Muhammad azaz

Department of Geography

GC University Faisalabad

Contents

• Mountains

• Types of Mountains

• Mountain of Pakistan

• Northern Mountains

• Northeastern Mountains

• Western Mountains

Mountains

• A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak.

• A mountain is generally steeper than a hill.

• The study of mountains is called Orography.

Types of Mountains

• Fold mountains

• Fault-Block mountains

• Volcanic mountains

• Dome mountains

• Plateau mountains

Fold Mountains

Fault-Block Mountains

Volcanic Mountains

Dome Mountains

Plateau Mountains

Mountain of Pakistan

• Northern Mountains

• Northeastern Mountains

• Western Mountains

Northern Mountains

• Karakoram • Himalaya1. Sub Himalaya2. Lesser Himalaya3. Great Himalaya4. Inner Himalaya5. Trans Himalaya

Karakoram

• At a Height of 6000m

• Black & gavel mass of ice and rock

• Extension, Hunza to Shyok River

• More than Sixty Peaks

• K-2 is also located in this Range

• Baltaro, Batura & Siachen Glaciers located in this Range

Himalaya

1. Sub Himalaya (Siwalik Range, 600-1200m)

2. Lesser Himalaya (Pir Punjal Range, South of Great Himalaya)

3. Great Himalaya (South of Indus River, Nanga Parbat 8126m)

4. Inner Himalaya (Greater Part of this Range is lies in India)

5. Trans Himalaya (Place where Himalaya mixed with Karakoram & than Karakoram started)

Northeastern Mountains

• Hindukush Range• Height 5000m• N-S• China, Pak, Afghanistan• Tirchmir 7960m• Swat Narrow Valley• Fast Flowing Rivers• Shandur Pass (Gilgit & Chitral)• Shangla Pass (Swat & Upper Parts of Valley)• Lawari Pass (Chitral & Swat Valley)

Western Mountains

• Safed Koh Range

• Waziristan Hills

• Sulaiman Range

• Kirthar Range

Safed Koh Range

• Kabul River forms the boundary b/w Northern Mountains & Safed Koh Range

• Sikram is the Highest Peak 4760m

Waziristan Hills

• Located South of Safed Koh

• Average Height is 1500-3000m

• Barrier b/w Pak & Afghanistan

• Khyber Pass (Peshawar to Kabul)

• Kurram Pass

• Gomal Pass

• Tochi Pass

Sulaiman Range

• Height up to 3383m

• West of Indus River

• Takhat-i-Sulaiman 3383m

• Separate Baluchistan to Indus River

• Limestone & Sand Stone

Kirthar Range

• Height up to 2147m

• West of Indus River in Sindh

• Drained by Layari & Hub Rivers

• Border b/w Sindh & Baluchistan