Motifs Ch1

37
Licensed to:

Transcript of Motifs Ch1

Page 1: Motifs Ch1

Licensed to:

Page 2: Motifs Ch1

Editor-in-Chief: PJ BoardmanSenior Acquisitions Editor: Lara SemonesSenior Content Project Manager: Esther MarshallAssistant Editor: Morgen MurphyExecutive Marketing Manager: Stacy BestMarketing Assistant: Marla NasserAdvertising Project Manager: Stacey PurvianceManaging Technology Project Manager:

Wendy ConstantineManufacturing Manager: Marcia Locke

Composition & Project Management:Pre-Press Company, Inc.

Senior Permissions Account Manager, Images:Sheri Blaney

Photo Researcher: Jill EngebretsonText Permissions Editor: Elizabeth JansmaText Designer: Brian SalisburySenior Art Director: Cate Rickard BarrCover Designer: Diane LevyText & Cover Printer: Transcontinental/Interglobe

Printing

MotifsFourth EditionJansma | Kassen

Cover image: © Rick Piper/ALAMY

© 2007, 2004 Thomson Heinle, a part of The ThomsonCorporation. Thomson, the Star logo, and Heinle aretrademarks used herein under license.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work coveredby the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used inany form or by any means—graphic, electronic, ormechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping,web distribution, information storage and retrievalsystems, or in any other manner—without the writtenpermission of the publisher.

Thomson Higher Education25 Thomson PlaceBoston, MA 02210-1202USA

Printed in Canada1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 09 08 07 06

Library of Congress Control Number: 2006936432

Student Edition: ISBN 1-4130-2810-1/978-1-4130-2981-9Credits appear on pages 517–520, which constitute acontinuation of the copyright page.

For more information about our products, contact us at:Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center1-800-423-0563

For permission to use material from this text or product,submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com.Any additional questions about permissions can besubmitted by email to [email protected].

29817_00_SE FM_pp3 11/3/06 4:28 PM Page x

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 3: Motifs Ch1

Pratique de conversation: Comment seprésenter et se saluer

Structure 1.1: Addressing others Tu et vous

Perspectives culturelles:Greetings in French

Voix en direct: Tu ou vous? Quelquesréflexions

Thème: Identification des choses et despersonnes

Structure 1.2: Identifying people andthings Qui est-ce? Qu’est-ce que c’est? Est-ce que... ?

Structure 1.3: Naming people and thingsLes articles indéfinis

Thème: La description des personnes

Structure 1.4: Describing people Les pronoms sujets avec être

Structure 1.5: Describing Les adjectifs(introduction)

In this chapter, you will learn fundamentals to help youcommunicate in your classroom surroundings: how tointroduce yourself and others, greet fellow students, identifyobjects in the classroom, identify people and describe them,

Les camarades etla salle de classe

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:31 PM Page ii

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 4: Motifs Ch1

count, and spell. In the Perspectives culturelles sections,you will also learn about greetings in the francophone worldand why French and English have so many cognates, orwords in common. �

� un 1

Perspectives culturelles: Vocabulaire enmouvement

Thème: Les vêtements et les couleurs

Pratique de conversation: Commentcommuniquer en classe

À lire, à découvrir et à écrireLecture: Tout le monde (chanson)

Voix en direct (suite)

Expression écrite: Petit portrait

� Module 1

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 1

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 5: Motifs Ch1

Comment se présenter et se saluer

Expressions utiles pour se présenter

Contexte non-familier, respectueux Contexte familier

2 deux � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� Pratique de conversationSuggestion for introducing the firstlesson: Begin by introducingyourself. Then walk up to a student,shake his or her hand, and say:Bonjour. Je m’appelle ___. Et vous?Students may simply give theirname. Say: Bonjour, Jake. Aftergreeting a number of students, turnto the class and say: Il s’appelle Jake.Elle s’appelle Jennifer. Et elle(pointing to a student you’ve met),comment s’appelle-t-elle? As an icebreaker, follow up by havingstudents walk around the roomshaking hands and introducingthemselves to their classmates. Beginby using the formal greeting. First,model the exchange, playing the two parts using photos of famousindividuals in a formal setting. Oncestudents have practiced the formalgreeting, write on the boardfamilier/non-familier (respectueux)and ask students using gestures:Quand vous parlez avec les autresétudiants, est-ce familier ou non-familier? (pointing to thewords on the board). Then gothrough the informal greeting and have students act it out witheach other.

— Bonjour, madame. Je m’appelleDenis Beaufort. Et vous?

— Moi, je m’appelle ChristineChambert. Je suis de Marseille. Etvous?

— Je suis de Paris.

— Salut! Je m’appelle Anne-Sophie.Et toi?

— Je m’appelle Stéphane. Je suis deParis. Et toi?

— Moi, je suis de Montréal.

— Salut, Mélanie. Ça va?— Oui, ça va.— Je te présente mon ami, Nabil.— Bonjour, Nabil.— Bonjour.

■ Activité 1: Comment vous appelez-vous?

Suivez le modèle avec deux camarades de classe. (Circulate as if you were at acocktail party. Remember to shake hands when you say Bonjour. Replace thewords in bold with your personal information.)

Modèle: — Bonjour, monsieur/madame/mademoiselle. Je m’appelleLaurence. Et vous?

— Je m’appelle Camille. Je suis de Dallas. Et vous?— Moi, je suis de Paris.

■ Activité 2: Comment t’appelles-tu?

Suivez le modèle avec trois camarades de classe.

Modèle: — Je m’appelle Jennifer. Et toi?— Moi, je m’appelle Jake.— Je suis de Chicago. Et toi?— Moi aussi, je suis de Chicago. / Moi, je suis de Portland.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 2

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 6: Motifs Ch1

Pratique de conversation � trois 3

Comment s’appelle-t-elle?Elle s’appelle Juliette Binoche. C’est uneactrice française célèbre. Ses films sontChocolat avec Johnny Depp (2000) et BeeSeason (2005) avec Richard Gere.

Comment s’appelle-t-il?Il s’appelle Luc Besson. C’est un réalisateur(director) français. Ses films sont Nikita (1991),Léon (The Professional) (1995) et Le CinquièmeÉlément (The Fifth Element) (2000).

Et vous, comment vous appelez-vous?

Activité 4 helps students learn eachother’s names. Ask: Qui est-ce?Comment s’appelle-t-il/elle? Est-ceque c’est Tiffany? Encouragestudents to learn each other’s namesas soon as possible so they canaddress one another in class. Act outdialogs with students, shake hands asyou greet them, and adjust your stylebetween formal and informalgreetings.

■ Activité 3: Présentez vos camarades de classe.

Maintenant présentez vos camarades de classe aux autres étudiants.

Modèle: Il/Elle s’appelle . Il/Elle est de .

■ Activité 4: Testez-vous!

Avec un(e) camarade, montrez du doigt (point out) des étudiants etdemandez «Comment s’appelle-t-il/elle?»

Modèle: — Comment s’appelle-t-elle?— Elle s’appelle Elizabeth.

Expressions utiles pour se saluerStructure 1.1

Addressing others Tu et vous

In French greetings, a distinction is made between formal and informalterms of address. See page 22 for guidelines on using the formal vous and the informal tu. In Perspectives culturelles you will read further onthis topic.

Contexte non-familier, respectueux

— Bonjour, madame. Comment allez-vous?

— Très bien, merci, et vous?

— Bonsoir, mademoiselle.— Bonsoir, monsieur. À demain.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 3

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 7: Motifs Ch1

Contexte familier

4 quatre � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

To present the Écoutons ensemble!without audio, read the followingstatements and questions:1. Bonjour, monsieur. Commentallez-vous? 2. Salut, Jean. Ça va?3. Au revoir, madame. À tout àl’heure. 4. Comment vous appelez-vous? 5. Bonsoir, monsieur. 6. Salut,Jean. À demain. 7. Je suis de LosAngeles. Et vous? 8. Je vous présentemon professeur de français,Monsieur Lutèce.

Réponses: 1. non-familier; a 2. familier; b 3. non-familier; b 4. non-familier; b 5. non-familier; c 6. familier; b 7. non-familier; c 8. non-familier, a

— Salut, Paul. Ça va?— Oui, ça va. Et toi?

— Comment ça va?— Ça ne va pas du tout!

— Au revoir, Pauline. À bientôt!— Allez, au revoir!

— Salut, Marc. À tout à l’heure!— Ciao!

■ Écoutons ensemble! Réponses logiques pour se saluer

Listen to the following initial statements and questions and choose the logicalresponse. Mark each exchange as familier or non-familier. Then listen to theentire exchange to check your answers.

1. familier ___ non-familier ___a. Très bien, merci. Et vous?b. Je m’appelle Henri.c. À bientôt.

2. familier ___ non-familier ___a. Je suis de Washington.b. Oui, ça va.c. Au revoir.

3. familier ___ non-familier___a. Pas mal.b. Au revoir.c. Bonjour.

4. familier ___ non-familier___a. Très bien, merci. Et vous?b. Je m’appelle Anne.c. Bonsoir.

5. familier ___ non-familier___a. Merci, madame.b. Pas mal. Et toi?c. Bonsoir, mademoiselle.

6. familier ___ non-familier ___a. Bonjour. Comment ça va?b. Au revoir.c. Bonsoir, monsieur.

7. familier ___ non-familier ___a. Je m’appelle Christophe.b. Il est de New York.c. Je suis de Washington.

8. familier ___ non-familier ___a. Bonjour, monsieur.b. Ça va?c. Salut.

■ Activité 5: Jouez le dialogue.

Saluez trois étudiants de la classe.

Modèle: — Bonjour / Salut, Jeanne. Ça va?— Oui, ça va. (Ça ne va pas. / Ça va très bien. / Ça va très mal.)

CD1, Track 2

— Bonjour, Nicole. Ça va?— Pas mal. Et toi?— Moi, ça va.— Nicole, voici mon amie

Sylvie. Sylvie, Nicole.— Bonjour, Sylvie.— Bonjour, Nicole.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 4

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 8: Motifs Ch1

Greetings in French

Learning how to negotiate greetings and leave-takings is important for feelingcomfortable in a foreign culture. These practices vary throughout thefrancophone world. They differ, for example, between France, Québec, andFrench-speaking Africa.

Bonjour!In France, greetings are more codified than they are in many Anglo-Saxoncountries. Therefore, getting this behavior “right” goes a long way to making agood impression.

First, whenever French people come into contact with others, whetherfriends or strangers (shopkeepers, waiters, or office personnel), they greet them upon their arrival and say good-bye before leaving. In “official” situations,bonjour or au revoir is accompanied by monsieur, madame, or mademoisellewithout including the last name.

— Bonjour, madame.— Au revoir, mademoiselle.

A handshake or “la bise”?Greetings are generally accompanied by a gesture,either a handshake or kisses on the cheeks (unebise or un bisou). Acquaintances and businessassociates shake hands each time they see oneanother. The handshake is a brief up and downmovement, rather than a prolonged pumping upand down. Men greeting each other most oftenshake hands. When leaving a group of people aftera social event, it’s important to shake everyone’shand or se faire un bisou. French family members,friends, and acquaintances se font la bise whenthey greet and part. In addition, when one isintroduced to the good friend of a friend or afamily member, one often takes part in this ritualas well. For Americans, it is important to note thatla bise does not usually include a hug; it is light physical contact.

Un sourire?Americans instinctively smile when they come into contact with strangers. The French generallymaintain a more neutral facial expression in public spaces such as the street or the métro. This cultural difference can producemisunderstandings. Americans might find theunsmiling French arrogant and aloof. The French,on the other hand, aren’t sure how to interpret the smile. Sometimes the flash of a smile isassumed to be a flirtatious advance.

Perspectives culturelles � cinq 5

� Perspectives culturelles

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 5

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 9: Motifs Ch1

Tu ou vous?In FranceOne of the most complicated cultural practices in French involves decidingwhether to use the formal or informal form of address. Since in English thisdistinction does not exist, learners will often choose the wrong form or randomlyalternate between the tu and the vous forms. For the French, this can beconfusing because the choice involves notions of hierarchy, intimacy, and respect.When in doubt, it is always preferable to err on the side of formality. Use tu withfamily members, friends, and among fellow students. Use vous with teachers,older people, and those within the general public with whom you interact. Vousis always used to address more than one person. When in doubt, wait for theother person to give you permission to use the tu form: On peut se tutoyer?

In QuébecFrench-speaking Canada, like its neighbor to the south, is often more informalthan France. Canadians are more inclined to use tu with people over fifty,waiters in restaurants, or their boss. Vous is generally used with teachers as aform of respect.

Greetings in French-speaking AfricaIn Sénégal, Côte d’Ivoire, and other French-speaking African countries, the informal tuis also more commonly used than in France.Greetings often involve a more lengthyritual than the formulaic Comment ça va?When seeing an acquaintance or familymember after an absence, one inquiresabout the health and well-being of all theirfamily members: Comment va ton père? Ilse porte bien? Et ta mère, elle va bien?(How is your father? He’s doing well? Andyour mother, is she well?)

■ Avez-vous compris?

Look at the following scenarios and identifythe behavior as bien élevé (polite) or malélevé (impolite). Explain your response.

1. You walk into a bakery and say: Deux baguettes, s’il vous plaît.2. You say bonjour to greet your friend’s best friend with your hands at your

side.3. Your good friend introduces you to his/her best friend and you kiss

him/her lightly on both cheeks.4. You wave good-bye to your friends at a social gathering and say: Au revoir.

À bientôt.5. You’re in Québec and you tutoie your waiter.

■ Et vous?

1. With several students write down rules for formal and informal greetingsin the United States or another country with which you’re familiar. Shareyour rules with the class.

2. Which do you feel is more physical, a hug or a kiss on the cheek? Explain.

3. Explain why French people might be confused when someone switchesbetween the use of tu and vous when addressing them.

6 six � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

Réponses: Answers are given inFrench in case you wish to accustomyour students to hearing the Frenchversion of their answers.1. Mal élevé: Il est nécessaire de dire«Bonjour, monsieur/madame/mademoiselle». 2. Mal élevé: Il faut se serrer la main ou se faire la bise.3. Bien élevé: En général, on fait labise quand on rencontre l’ami(e)d’un(e) ami(e) pour la première fois.4. Mal élevé: Il faut serrer la main oufaire la bise à tout le monde avant departir. 5. Bien élevé: Au Canada on setutoie plus facilement.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 6

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 10: Motifs Ch1

■ Réfléchissez aux réponses

1. Did all the speakers agree that college-age people should use tu with eachother?

2. When or under what circumstances did they seem to think that thisbehavior changes?

3. Which of the speakers was less formal?4. (In groups) Talk about some basic rules of politeness you were taught

when growing up and see what differences and commonalities about thesecodes you find in your group. For example, did you address your friends’parents by their first name?

Perspectives culturelles � sept 7

Voix en direct

Tu ou vous? Quelquesréflexions

On dit qu’entre étudiants ou entre jeunes personnes en général on se tutoie1, même si2 on ne seconnaît pas3. Est-ce vrai4?

PAQUOT: Oui, entre étudiants... oui oui.

ROMANET: Oui, entre les jeunes, oui, il n’y a pas deproblème. On tutoie tout le monde5 franchement6.

1use the informal greeting 2even if 3don’t know each other 4Is it true 5everyone 6frankly

Alors à quel âge est-ce qu’on commence à se vouvoyer7?

PAQUOT: Je ne sais pas s’il y a un âge. C’est plutôt8

une différence d’âge. Vers vingt-cinq ou peut-être9 trente ans... Enfin c’estdifficile à dire10.

ROMANET: Je pense que c’est quand on change demilieu11, on commence à travailler12. Quand on est étudiant,on est cool, on est à l’école13, on se tutoie, on est à l’aise14. Il n’ya pas de différence d’âge. C’est quand on commence àtravailler que c’est plus sérieux.

7use the formal greeting 8rather 9maybe 10hard to say 11environment 12towork 13school 14at ease

Est-ce que vous vouvoyez les parents de vos amis15?

PAQUOT: Oui, je les vouvoie en général.

ROMANET: Oui, toujours, toujours. Je vouvoietoujours les parents de mes amis.

KONISKY: Non, je les tutoie en général.15your friends

Pierre Paquot

24 ansÉtudiant, Paris

Julien Romanet

23 ansÉtudiant, Paris

Nicolas Konisky

24 ansÉtudiant, Paris

CD1, Track 3

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 7

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 11: Motifs Ch1

Notez et analysezsections draw students’attention to structural featuresembedded in the presentation of newmaterial. Encourage students to findpatterns and make hypotheses aboutthem. Write examples on the board,when appropriate. When possible,restate this material, in French, so thatstudents become familiar with Frenchgrammatical terms.

Identification des choses et des personnes

Structure 1.2

Identifying people and things Qui est-ce?, Qu’est-ce que c’est?, Est-ce que... ?

Structure 1.3

Naming people and things Les articles indéfinis

One of the first ways you will use French is to ask for help identifying thepeople and things around you. Identification questions appear on page 23.Naming people and things also requires the use of indefinite articles (seepage 24).

La salle de classeQu’est-ce que c’est?

� Thème

■ Notez et analysez

Look at the article thatprecedes each of theclassroom objects. Howmany forms do you see?Try to explain why theyvary.

C’est une fenêtre. Ce sont des chaises. —Est ce que c’est un crayon?—Non, c’est un stylo.

8 huit � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

C’est un bureau.

Suggestion for introducingclassroom vocabulary: Begin bypointing out objects in theclassroom, naming them: Regardez,c’est une porte. After namingeverything a few times, begin saying:Montrez-moi la porte. Donnez-moiun crayon. Finally ask: Qu’est-ceque c’est?, and have studentsrespond in complete sentences. Youcan choose a student to take over therole of pointing to objects andasking students to identify them.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 8

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 12: Motifs Ch1

Thème � neuf 9

■ Activité 6: Est-ce que c’est... ?

Suivez le modèle.

Modèle: — Est-ce que ce sont des cahiers?— Non, c’est un livre.

Qui est-ce?

1. Est-ce quec’est uneporte?

2. Est-ce que ce sont deschaises?

3. Est-ce quec’est unbureau?

4. Est-ce que cesont descahiers?

5. Est-ce quec’est une craie?

6. Est-ce quec’est untableau?

C’est Tony Parker,un basketteurprofessionnel. Il jouepour la NBA.

C’est Maryse Condé,un écrivain de laGuadeloupe, undépartement de laFrance.

C’est MathieuKassovitz. Il est acteur,metteur en scène etmannequin.

C’est la princesseCaroline, princesse deMonaco, une petiteprincipauté entre laFrance et l’Italie.

C’est Johnny Hallyday.Il est rocker, genre Elvis.

C’est Laetitia Casta. Elleest act ice et mannequin.

The French media are filled with newsabout American celebrities, especiallythose in the fields of entertainment.French-speaking celebrities are lesslikely to be household names in theUnited States. Let us introduce you toa few here. You will gradually meetmore throughout the text.

C’est GérardDepardieu, un acteurfrançais connu(known) aux États-Unis.

C’est Vanessa Paradis.Elle est chanteuse etactrice. C’est lapartenaire de JohnnyDepp.

C’est ZinédineZidane. Il est joueurde foot.

C’est Audrey Tautou.Elle est actrice.

C’est Jean-PaulGaultier. Il estdesigner/couturier.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 9

r

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 13: Motifs Ch1

■ Activité 7: Qui est-ce?

Suivez le modèle.

Modèle: — C’est Tommy Hilfiger?— Non, c’est Jean-Paul Gaultier.

10 dix � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

1. C’est ReeseWitherspoon?

2. C’est Pete Sampras? 3. C’est Vanessa Paradis?

4. C’est Audrey Tautou? 5. C’est Shaquille O’Neal?

6. C’est Elvis Presley?

7. C’est MathieuKassovitz?

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 10

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 14: Motifs Ch1

La description des personnes

Structure 1.4

Describing people Les pronoms sujets avec être

Structure 1.5

Describing Les adjectifs (introduction)

In the following thème, you’ll learn how to describe people. For this you’llneed to learn the verb être (to be) and some descriptive adjectives. Theverb être is presented on page 25. See pages 26–27 for details on theformation of adjectives in French.

■ Activité 8 À l’arrêt d’autobus

Décrivez chaque personne à l’arrêt d’autobus (bus stop). Utilisez les adjectifset les noms dans l’image.

La description physiqueComment sont-ils?

Thème � onze 11

� Thème

Suggestion: Adjectives are presentedprimarily as vocabulary items here,with a focus on comprehensionrather than on agreement rules.Begin by bringing in pictures todescribe. Example: Regardez cettefemme. Elle est belle, n’est-ce pas?Elle est grande, mince et blonde. Etson ami, il est brun avec les cheveuxcourts. Est-ce qu’il est gros? Non?Then do Activité 8 with yourstudents.

■ Activité 9: Écoutez votre professeur: Qui est sur l’image?

Qui est-ce que votre professeur décrit?

Modèle: PROFESSEUR: C’est une vieille femme avec les cheveux gris. Elle estun peu forte et elle porte des lunettes (wears glasses).Qui est-ce?

ÉTUDIANT(E): C’est Mme Vincent.

State short descriptions of thepeople in this drawing (or bringanother) for students to identify. Elleest blonde et jeune. (C’est Annie.)C’est un jeune homme de taillemoyenne. (C’est Jean-Claude.)

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 11

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 15: Motifs Ch1

La description de la personnalitéComment est-il?

François Leclerc

Nicole Brunot

12 douze � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

Suggestion: Hold up pictures ofpeople and ask students to guess attheir personalities: Regardez cethomme. Est-ce qu’il est sincère?Non? Est-ce qu’il est timide? Non?

Activité 10 demonstrates the largenumber of cognates available tostudents and helps them compareFrench and English pronunciation ofthese words. Before putting students in pairs, model the questions. Oncestudents have finished working inpairs, ask: Est-ce que Robert estoptimiste ou pessimiste? Il estoptimiste? Est-ce qu’il est un peuoptimiste ou très optimiste? This is the first time students mustconsistently use negation. Ask anumber of questions that willproduce negative responses forpractice.

Suggestion: Do Activité 11 booksclosed, as a listening activity, writingthe names of the people to identifyon the board. After reading eachdescription, ask: Qui est-ce?Encourage students to listen forkeywords.

■ Notez et analysez

Look at the adjectives inboldface used by FrançoisLeclerc and Nicole Brunot to describe themselves.Which one has a differentspelling. Why?

Notez et analyez draws students’attention to grammatical features inmodel sentences to help themdiscover the underlying rule. Pointout that optimiste and sociabledon’t change because the masculineform already ends in an e. Onceyou’ve introduced the idea ofadjective agreement, spend mostof class time on using theseadjectives in a meaningful way,describing people your students arefamiliar with.

«Je suis sociable et optimiste.Mais je ne suis pas très patiente.»

■ Activité 10: Comment es-tu?

Posez des questions à un(e) camarade de classe à propos de sa personnalité.Ensuite, changez de rôles.

Modèles: optimiste— Tu es optimiste?— Oui, je suis assez optimiste. Et toi?— Moi aussi (Me too). / Moi, je suis pessimiste.

timide— Tu es timide?— Non, je ne suis pas très timide. Et toi?— Moi non plus (Me neither). / Moi, je suis timide.

1. idéaliste 4. sociable 7. fatigué(e)2. sympathique 5. sérieux (sérieuse) 8. patient(e)3. timide 6. nerveux (nerveuse)

■ Activité 11: Test! Qui est-ce?

Lisez les descriptions et identifiez les personnages célèbres.

Madonna Chris Rock Michel CousteauGérard Depardieu Ang Lee Oprah WinfreyCéline Dion Shaquille O’Neal Tom Hanks

1. C’est un jeune comique américain qui a sa propre émission sur ComedyCentral. Il est assez petit, noir et très intelligent.

2. C’est une chanteuse et danseuse très célèbre qui influence sa génération.Elle est blonde et d’un certain âge—pas très jeune, mais pas vieille. Ellen’est pas du tout timide. C’est une femme provocatrice! C’est la «MaterialGirl».

3. C’est une femme noire de Chicago. Elle est jolie et un peu forte. Elle a uneémission à la télévision qui est très populaire, surtout avec les femmes. Ellea aussi un magazine avec sa photo sur la couverture. Elle est idéaliste,généreuse et très riche.

4. C’est un océanographe français. Il fait des documentaires sur l’océan pourla télévision. C’est le fils d’un autre océanographe célèbre.

5. C’est une chanteuse québécoise avec une voix très forte. Elle est grande etmince et elle travaille beaucoup à Las Vegas.

«Moi? euh... Je suis sociable, assezoptimiste et très patient.»

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 12

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 16: Motifs Ch1

Vocabulaire en mouvement

As an English speaker, you already have a more extensive French vocabularythan you may realize. Why? It all began in 1066 when William the Conqueror, aFrench Norman, crossed the Channel to invade England. With a French-speaking king on the English throne, French soon became the language of thearistocracy. French words were considered more refined than their plain Anglo-Saxon counterparts. Combattre (to combat), for example, was more stylish thanfight, descendre (to descend) was more refined than to go down, and égoïsme(egoism) more sophisticated than selfishness.

A mass migration of words crossed the Channel in the other direction duringthe eighteenth century, before the Revolution, especially in the area of sports.Since this period, the French have enjoyed talking about le golf, le tennis, and lematch.

More recently, the French have become disturbed by the massive influx ofEnglish words invading their country, especially in the areas of business,technology, and popular culture. This cross-fertilization is to your advantagewhen learning French, especially when you can see the written word. To fullyexploit this advantage, you’ll need to learn to recognize these cognates, sharedby French and English.

Perspectives culturelles � treize 13

� Perspectives culturelles

■ Et vous?

1. Think of some French words or expressions used in English. When mightyou use them? For what kinds of topics?

2. What groups of people in France would you expect to use the mostEnglish? Why?

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 13

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 17: Motifs Ch1

14 quatorze � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� ThèmeLes vêtements et les couleurs

Les couleurs

Les vêtements— Qu’est-ce que vous portez?— Moi, je porte...

Brun and marron are both used forbrown. Brun is generally used torefer to brown hair, eyes, and skin.Marron commonly describes thecolor of clothing. It’s an invariableadjective similar to orange, as it isbased on a noun, the word chestnut.

un blouson

des chaussures (f)un chapeau

un parapluie des baskets (f) un jean

un manteau

un T-shirtune jupe

une robe un short

une cravate

un sac

des lunettes (f) de soleil

une chemise

un pantalon

un chemisier

un pull-over (pull, fam)

des tennis (f) ou

Suggestion: Combine color withclothing using your students asexamples. Say: Regardez Andrew. Ilporte un jean et une chemise bleue.Est-ce qu’il y a un autre étudiantqui porte un jean? Les jeans sonttrès à la mode dans cette classe.Then make true/false statementsabout your students’ dress. Accustomstudents to the possessive structure:La robe de Pauline est bleue.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 14

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 18: Motifs Ch1

■ Activité 12: Écoutez votre professeur: Vrai ou faux?

Écoutez les descriptions de votre professeur des vêtements à la pageprécédente (previous). Sont-elles vraies (true) ou fausses (false)?

Modèle: — Le chapeau est blanc.— Vrai.

■ Activité 13: De quelle couleur est... ?

Avec un(e) camarade de classe, regardez les illustrations à la page 14 etrépondez aux questions en suivant (following) le modèle.

Modèle: — De quelle couleur est le manteau?— Il est noir.

1. De quelle couleur sont les tennis? Elles sont...

2. De quelle couleur est la jupe? Elle est...

3. De quelle couleur est la chemise?

4. De quelle couleur est la robe?

5. De quelle couleur est le short?

6. De quelle couleur est le pull?

Thème � quinze 15

Activité 12: Refer to the clothes onpage 14 and make several true/falsestatements, such as: La cravate estrouge. Le sac est rose. Reviewclothing with a TPR (Total PhysicalResponse) activity: Si vous portezun jean, levez-vous. Si vous portezun short, levez la main. Studentsmight also be wearing a tank top (undébardeur), a sweatshirt (unsweatshirt), des sandales, a cap(une casquette), or flip flops (destongs).

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 15

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 19: Motifs Ch1

Comment communiquer en classe

Expressions utiles pour la communication en classeThe following phrases are important for managing activities in the classroom.By learning them, you can help maintain a French-speaking environment, evenas a beginner. For example, any time you need a French translation for a wordyou can ask: Comment dit-on ___ en français? Your instructor will welcome aJ’ai une question or a Je ne comprends pas.

Le professeur dit:

16 seize � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� Pratique de conversation

Écoutez. Asseyez-vous. Allez au tableau. Fermez la porte. Ouvrez votre livre.

Regardez le tableau. Faites les devoirs: page 22, exercice 6.

Travaillez avec un(e) camarade de classe. Rendez-moi vos devoirs, s’il vous plaît.

Pardon? Je ne comprends pas. J’ai une question. Comment dit-on dog en français? / Comment ça s’écrit? C-H-I-E-N.

L’étudiant dit:

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 16

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 20: Motifs Ch1

■ Écoutons ensemble! La communication en classe

Listen to the various people communicating in a classroom, and number thefollowing situations in the order that you hear them.

____ a. Mathias wants to know how to say anthropologie in English.____ b. The instructor wants the students to turn in their homework.____ c. Camille doesn’t understand what her instructor is saying.____ d. The instructor thinks it’s too noisy and asks someone to close the

door.____ e. The students are supposed to work with a partner on an activity.____ f. Marie has a question.____ g. The students are supposed to open their books.____ h. The instructor wants the students to speak English.

L’alphabet

Pratique de conversation � dix-sept 17

Suggestions for pronunciationwork: Pronunciation activities workbest when students are not distractedby other cognitive demands.Therefore, the straightforward taskof learning the alphabet or numbers,or any task that does not requireattention to meaning, is an idealtime to work on the correctpronunciation of French sounds.Students enjoy this “playful”attention to accuracy. Think aboutplaying the role of an old-fashionedschoolmistress/master. Throw upyour hands and roll your eyes duringa botched choral repetition activity.Respond to a “good” performancewith rapture. Once students areproducing the letters well, challengethem to repeat them more quickly.Never isolate any students who arehaving difficulty by having themrepeat in front of the class until theyget it right. Save individual problemsfor office hours.

The alphabet: The letters E, G, H, J,W, and Y can be challenging. Afterreviewing the alphabet, havestudents spell their names for you asyou write out the letters on theboard.

Quelle page? Répétez, s’il vous plaît. Merci, monsieur.

CD1, Track 4

a a Aliceb bé Bernardc cé Céliad dé Davide e Estherf ef Françoisg gé Guyh hache Hervéi i Irènej ji Jeank ka Kariml elle Lucienm em Mathilde

n en Nabilo o Odilep pé Patriceq ku Quentinr erre Rolands esse Sébastient té Thérèseu u Ugolinv vé Véroniquew double vé Williamx iks Xaviery i grec Yasminaz zèd Zacharie

Les accentsé = e accent aigu: bébé, clé, théè = e accent grave: mère, père, chèreê = e accent circonflexe (â, ê, î, ô, û): forêt (forest), flûte, hôpital (hospital)The circonflexe on an e or an o often represents a missing s.ç = c cédille: garçon, ça va. The cédille indicates a soft c pronounced like an s.ë, ï = e, i tréma: Noël, Loïc. The tréma indicates that the vowel combinationshould be pronounced as two separate syllables.

2

7

1

3

6

4

5

8

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 17

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 21: Motifs Ch1

■ Activité 14: Un test d’orthographe (spelling test)

Écoutez votre professeur et écrivez le mot sur une feuille de papier. (Write thenumbers 1–8 on a piece of paper and write down the words your instructorspells.)

■ Activité 15: Écoutez votre professeur. Devinez (Guess) ensemble.

Écoutez les phrases suivantes prononcées par votre professeur et trouvezl’équivalent en anglais. Suivez le modèle.

Modèle: PROFESSEUR: Répétez, s’il vous plaît.ÉTUDIANT(E): h (hache)

18 dix-huit � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

Activité 14, suggested words: girafe,zèbre, français, xylophone, hôpital,forêt, appartement, Mississippi.Think about doing this activity withbooks closed and giving theinstructions in French while actingthem out: Prenez une feuille depapier. Écrivez les chiffres de 1 à 8.Je prononce les lettres et vousécrivez le mot. After students spelleach word, ask: Quel est le mot? andhelp them with the pronunciation.

Activité 14: Select five of the wordsfrom the spelling test and ask: Lemot xylophone, comment s’écrit-il?Work on pronunciation of the lettersas students spell out the words. Thenask: Comment dit-on xylophone enfrançais?

First model Activité 15 by callingout one of the commands. Then say:C’est quelle lettre? C’est ___.Here, students are working onpronunciation of letters as well asexpressions for communicating inthe classroom.

1. Répétez, s’il vous plaît.2. Lisez l’exercice à la page 4.3. Écoutez.4. Excusez-moi.5. Faites les devoirs.6. Posez la question à votre

voisin(e).7. En français, s’il vous plaît.8. Travaillez avec un(e) camarade.9. Comment dit-on dog en

français?10. Les devoirs sont à la page 2.

a. Do the homework.b. How do you say “dog” in French?c. Excuse me.d. Read the exercise on page 4.e. Ask your neighbor the question.f. In French, please.g. Work with a partner.h. Please repeat.i. The homework is on page 2.j. Listen.

Les nombres de 0 à 60

0 zéro1 un2 deux3 trois4 quatre5 cinq6 six7 sept8 huit9 neuf

10 dix11 onze12 douze13 treize14 quatorze15 quinze16 seize17 dix-sept18 dix-huit19 dix-neuf

20 vingt21 vingt et un22 vingt-deux23 vingt-trois24 vingt-quatre25 vingt-cinq26 vingt-six27 vingt-sept28 vingt-huit29 vingt-neuf

30 trente31 trente et un32 trente-deux40 quarante50 cinquante60 soixante

In Activité 16, have students takedown contact information of twostudents sitting near them. InFrench, e-mail is commonly referredto as mail, mèl, e-mail, courrierélectronique, or courriel. Courriel,a French Canadian term, has beenofficially adopted by the FrenchCommission on terminology, but itdoes not predominate in practice.

■ Activité 16: Donne-moi tes coordonnées (contactinformation), s’il te plaît.

Demandez les coordonnées de deux étudiants dans votre classe. Substituezvotre nom et vos coordonnées.

Modèle: — Comment t’appelles-tu?— Je m’appelle Jeanne Rambouillet.— Rambouillet? Comment ça s’écrit?— C’est R-A-M-B-O-U-I-deux L-E-T, Rambouillet.— Et ton numéro de téléphone?— C’est 310-643-0975.— Et ton adresse de courriel?— C’est [email protected] (pronounced: Jeanne a [arobase]

yahoo point com).

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 18

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 22: Motifs Ch1

■ Activité 17: Comptez!

Avec un(e) partenaire, comptez.

1. Comptez de 0 à 20.2. Comptez jusqu’à 60 en multiples de 10.3. Comptez jusqu’à 60 en multiples de 5.4. Comptez jusqu’à 30 en multiples de 2.5. Comptez jusqu’à 30 en multiples de 3.

■ Activité 18: Écoutez votre professeur: Nombres en désordre.

Identifiez la série de nombres prononcés.

liste A: 36, 38, 41, 43, 45, 18, 57, 12

liste B: 26, 38, 41, 52, 43, 18, 17, 12

liste C: 16, 28, 4, 52, 43, 13, 19, 2

liste D: 36, 28, 42, 62, 45, 8, 16, 22

liste E: 16, 8, 44, 50, 15, 13, 57, 2

Pratique de conversation � dix-neuf 19

Activité 18, Goal: comprehension ofnumbers. Tell students: Regardez lescinq listes de nombres: A, B, C, D etE. Écoutez bien. Je vais lire une sériede nombres. Identifiez la liste que jelis. Est-ce que c’est A, B, C, D ou E?After leading the activity, ask astrong student to read a series forthe class to identify.

Use voiceboard forindividual oral practice with theThèmes and the Pratiques deconversation in Module 1.

3.

Find out someone’s nameand where he/she is fromby asking anotherclassmate.

5.

Class is over. Say good-byeto a classmate you will notsee until the next meeting.He/She will respondappropriately.

4.

You want to writesomeone’s name andphone number in youraddress book. Ask him/herto spell his/her last nameto make sure you write itdown correctly.

1.

Find out from a classmatehow to say optimistic inFrench. Then ask him/herif he/she is optimistic.

2.

Your friend’s motheropens the door. Greet herand tell her your name.She will respond politely.

■ Situations à jouer!

Qu’est-ce qu’on dit dans les situations suivantes?

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 19

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 23: Motifs Ch1

Lecture

■ Anticipation

You are about to read the words of a contemporary French song, by the youngFrench singer Zazie, consisting mostly of a list of French names. The names thesinger has selected are important to the song’s message, a hymn to tolerance.Before reading the lyrics, jot down a couple of French male and female namesyou know. Tout le monde (Everyone) was a hit (un tube), when it came out.

20 vingt � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� À lire, à découvrir et à écrire

Chanson: Tout le monde°

Words and music by Zazie 1998«Made in love» (album)

Michel, MarieDjamel, JohnnyVictor, IgorMounia, Nastassia

Miguel, FaridMarcel, DavidKeïko, SolalAntonio, Pascual

Tout le monde il est beauTout le monde il est beau

François, FrancoFrancesca, PabloThaïs, ElvisShantala, Nebilah

Salman, LoanPeter, GünterMartin, KevinTatiana, Zorba

Tout le monde il est beauTout le monde il est beau

Quitte à faire de la peine à Jean-Marie°

Prénom ZazieDu même paysQue Sigmund, que SallyQu’Alex, et Ali

Tout le monde il est beauTout le monde il est beauTout le monde il est beau

Assez grand pour tout l’monde

Nanananana...

This song familiarizes students with traditional French names,as well as with names of Frenchpeople whose parents are offoreign origin, revealing the multi-ethnic composition of Frenchsociety. The phrase Quitte à fairede la peine à Jean-Marie is areference to Jean-Marie Le Pen, theleader of the far-right Frontnational, an anti-immigrantpolitical party.

At the risk of causing pain toJean-Marie (a far-right

anti-immigrant politician)

1

5

10

15

20

25

30

Everyone

Isabelle de Truchis de Varenne («Zazie»), chanteusepopulaire française

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 20

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 24: Motifs Ch1

■ Activité de lecture

Look over the song and answer the following questions.

1. What’s the name of the singer? Does her name figure in the lyrics?2. Look for traditional French names in the song. Do they correspond to

names you included in your list?3. Like the United States, which is known for its ethnic diversity, France is

comprised of people from many nations and continents. Locate names inthe song that correspond to the following regions of the world. You maywant to use the map at the beginning of the book to help you locate them.

REGIONSa. North Africa or the Middle Eastb. Hispanic countriesc. Francophone Europe or Canadad. Asia

e. Germany or Northern Europef. Mediterranean Europe (Italy or

Greece)g. Eastern Europe

■ Compréhension et intégration

1. What is the message of this simple song?2. After the release of Tout le monde, Zazie was interviewed about listener

responses. She explained that she received an extremely insulting letterfrom someone on the extreme right, and a few letters from boys namedJean-Marie who felt attacked. She assured them that she thinks Jean-Marieis a very nice name. Why did she have to make this point?

■ Maintenant à vous!

Can you think of a popular song that has these kinds of inclusive lyrics (lyricsthat stress the intrinsic value of all people independent of their group identity)?

Expression écrite■ Petit portrait

In this writing activity you will write a description of a famous person of yourchoice.

PREMIÈRE ÉTAPE: Rewrite the following description changing Pierre-Louis toMarie-Louise. You’ll need to change the gender of the underlined words.

Voici Pierre-Louis. C’est un jeune homme de Marseille. Il est assez grand et beauavec des cheveux blonds et courts. Il n’est pas très intelligent, mais il est patientet sympathique. C’est un homme intéressant.

DEUXIÈME ÉTAPE: Now describe a famous person, following the model above.Attach a picture or photograph to your description.

Voix en direct (suite)Go to to view video clips of French people interviewed for Voix endirect introducing themselves. You will also see a little French girl playingschool and “teaching” the alphabet.

Phrases: describing people

Grammar: adjective agreement, adjective agreement (number)

Vocabulary: hair colors, people, personality, colors, clothing

S YS T È M E - D

À lire, à découvrir et à écrire � vingt et un 21

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 21

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 25: Motifs Ch1

Structure 1.1

Addressing others Tu et vous

When you are speaking to an individual in French, you need to choose between the formal(vous) and informal (tu) forms of address. When speaking with someone whom you don’tknow very well, who is older than you, or who is in a higher position, vous is in order.

The informal tu is used as follows:

• between students of the same age group and young people in general• between people who are on a first-name basis• among family members• with children• with animals

In some French-speaking countries, such as Canada or French-speaking Africa, the morefamiliar tu form is more common when speaking to a single individual.

Tu es nerveux, Paul?Tu es étudiant ici?

Vous is always used in addressing more than one person. Vous is also generally used asfollows:

• with and between people who are not on a first-name basis• among people who are meeting for the first time• with those who are older than you• with a boss or superior

In cases of doubt, it is always preferable to use vous. You will want to add monsieur,madame, or mademoiselle for politeness.

Bonjour, mademoiselle. Comment allez-vous?Dominique et Christine, vous comprenez le professeur?Bonjour, monsieur. Comment allez-vous?Vous parlez français très bien, mademoiselle.

■ Exercice 1. Tu ou vous? Select the appropriate pronoun for the following situations.

1. You are speaking with your friend’s mother, Mme Arnaud. tu vous

2. You are speaking to your dog. tu vous

3. You are speaking to your instructor. tu vous

4. You are speaking with a school acquaintance. tu vous

5. Your grandmother is speaking to you. tu vous

6. You are speaking with a business acquaintance, Jean-Claude Cassin. tu vous

7. You are speaking to a group of friends. tu vous

22 vingt-deux � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

les Use the platform for more grammar and vocabulary practice.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 22

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 26: Motifs Ch1

Structures utiles � vingt-trois 23

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

lesStructure 1.2

Identifying people and things Qui est-ce? Qu’est-ce que c’est? Est-ce que... ?

To inquire about someone’s identity, ask Qui est-ce?

— Qui est-ce? — Who is it?— C’est Paul. — It’s Paul.

If you want an object to be identified, ask Qu’est-ce que c’est?

— Qu’est-ce que c’est? — What is it?— C’est un livre. — It’s a book.

Any statement can be turned into a yes/no question by placing est-ce que in front of it andusing rising intonation.

C’est Richard. It’s Richard.Est-ce que c’est Richard? Is it Richard?

C’est une table. It’s a table.Est-ce que c’est une table? Is it a table?

Que contracts to qu’ when followed by a vowel sound.

Est-ce qu’il est étudiant? Is he a student?

■ Exercice 2. Match the questions in column A with the appropriate answers in column B.

A B

1. Qu’est-ce que c’est? a. Je m’appelle Patrick.2. Qui est-ce? b. Non, c’est la classe d’espagnol.3. Est-ce que c’est Paul? c. Non, c’est David.4. Je m’appelle Fred. Et vous? d. Non, elle s’appelle Margot.5. Est-ce qu’elle s’appelle Marguerite? e. Oui, c’est un dictionnaire.6. Est-ce que c’est la classe de français? f. C’est un livre.7. Est-ce que c’est un dictionnaire? g. C’est Jacqueline.

■ Exercice 3. Write out an appropriate question for the following answers.

1. — _______________________________________________________________ ?

— Non, c’est un bureau.

2. — _______________________________________________________________ ?

— Non, il s’appelle Jean.

3. — _______________________________________________________________ ?

— C’est un cahier.

4. — _______________________________________________________________ ?

— C’est Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

5. — _______________________________________________________________ ?

— Oui, c’est une chaise.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 23

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 27: Motifs Ch1

24 vingt-quatre � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

les Structure 1.3

Naming people and things Les articles indéfinis

The French indefinite articles un, une, and des are equivalent to a, an, and some.

Gender (Genre)All French nouns are categorized by gender, as masculine or feminine, even when they referto inanimate objects. The form of the article that precedes the noun indicates its gender. Asone would expect, nouns that refer to males are masculine and, conversely, nouns that referto females are feminine. However, the gender of inanimate nouns is unpredictable. Forexample, parfum (perfume) is masculine, chemise (shirt) is feminine, and chemisier(blouse) is masculine. We suggest that when learning new words, you store them in yourmemory with the correct article as if it were one word.

singular plural

masculine un livre des livres

feminine une fenêtre des fenêtres

Number (Nombre)French nouns are also categorized according to number, as singular or plural. The indefinitearticle des is used in front of plural nouns, regardless of gender. The most common way tomake a noun plural is by adding an s. If the noun ends in -eau, add an x to form the plural.Since final s is not often pronounced in French, the listener must pay attention to the articleto know whether a noun is plural or singular.

singular plural

un cahier des cahiers

un professeur des professeurs

une fenêtre des fenêtres

un tableau des tableaux

Pronunciation guideWhen un is followed by a vowel sound, the n is pronounced. If des is followed by a nounbeginning with a vowel sound, the s is pronounced like a z. This linking is called liaison.

un�n

étudiant des�z

étudiants

■ Exercice 4. Make the following nouns plural.

Modèle: une fenêtre des fenêtres

1. un professeur

2. un étudiant

3. un pupitre

4. une porte

5. un cahier

6. un bureau

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 24

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 28: Motifs Ch1

Structures utiles � vingt-cinq 25

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

les■ Exercice 5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate indefinite article: un, une, or des.

1. C’est livre.

2. Ce sont fenêtres.

3. C’est jeune homme.

4. C’est femme extraordinaire!

5. Ce sont étudiants.

6. C’est table.

7. C’est bureau.

8. Ce sont cahiers.

Structure 1.4

Describing people Les pronoms sujets avec être

Subject pronouns enable you to refer to people and things without repeating their names.

— Est-ce que Chantal est jolie? — Is Chantal pretty?— Oui, elle est très jolie. — Yes, she is very pretty.

— C’est Jean-Yves. — It’s Jean-Yves.— Il est de Montréal. — He’s from Montreal.

Subject pronouns

singular plural

je I nous we

tu you (informal) vous you (plural or formal)

il he ils they (masculine or mixed masculine and feminine)

elle she elles they (feminine)

on one, people, we (familiar)

French verb endings change according to the subject. Although most of these changesfollow regular patterns, a number of common verbs are irregular. Être (to be) is one of theseirregular verbs.

être (to be)

je suis nous sommes

tu es vous êtes

il/elle/on est ils/elles sont

Note that on is used with the singular verb form even though its meaning may be bothsingular (one) and plural (people and we).

On est content(s). We’re happy.

■ Exercice 6. Write the appropriate subject pronoun for the following situations.

1. You’re talking to your best friend.

2. You’re talking about your friend Anne.

3. You’re discussing the students in your class.

4. You’re talking about yourself and your family.

5. You’re talking about the players on the women’s basketball team.

6. You’re addressing a group of people.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 25

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 29: Motifs Ch1

26 vingt-six � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

les ■ Exercice 7. Jérôme overhears a student talking to his friends. Fill in the blanks with the

verb être.

Philippe et Pierre, vous (1) dans la classe de français de Mme Arnaud,n’est-ce pas? Moi, je (2) dans la classe de Mme Bertheau. Elle

(3) très sympathique. Nous (4) vingt-huit dans cetteclasse. La classe (5) grande et elle (6) formidable aussi.Les étudiants (7) sympathiques et intelligents. Pierre, est-ce que lesétudiants (8) sympathiques dans l’autre classe? Tu (9)sûr (sure)?

Structure 1.5

Describing Les adjectifs (introduction)

Adjectives describe people, places, or things. In French, they agree in number and genderwith the noun they modify.

singular plural

masculine Il est petit. Ils sont petits.

feminine Elle est petite. Elles sont petites.

Making adjectives pluralMost French adjectives form their plural by adding an s to the singular form as just shown.However, if the singular form ends in a final s, x, or z, the plural form does not change.

singular plural

Le pantalon est gris. Les pantalons sont gris.

Making adjectives feminineMost feminine adjectives are formed by adding an e to the masculine singular form. If themasculine form ends in an e, the masculine and feminine forms are identical.

masculine feminine

Il est fort. Elle est forte.

Le short est jaune. La robe est jaune.

Pronunciation guidelineYou can often distinguish between feminine and masculine adjectives by listening for thefinal consonant. If it is pronounced, it generally means that the adjective ends in an e andthe corresponding noun is feminine.

Il est grand. Elle est granDe.Le bureau est petit. La table est petiTe.Le cahier est vert. La robe est verTe.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 26

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 30: Motifs Ch1

Structures utiles � vingt-sept 27

� S

tru

ctu

res

uti

lesIrregular adjectives

French has a number of irregular adjectives that differ from the pattern just described.Additional irregular adjectives are presented in Module 3.

masculine feminine

blanc blanche

vieux vieille

beau belle

gentil gentille

■ Exercice 8. Marc’s twin brother and sister are remarkably similar. Complete thefollowing sentences describing them.

Modèle: Jean est petit; Jeanne est petite aussi.

1. Jean est blond; Jeanne est aussi.

2. Jean est intelligent; Jeanne est aussi.

3. Jeanne porte un vieux chemisier vert; Jean porte une chemise.

4. Jeanne est très belle et Jean est très aussi.

5. Jean est gentil; Jeanne est aussi.

■ Exercice 9. Complete the following passage using the appropriate form of theadjectives in parentheses.

Ma mère est une (beau) (1) femme (intelligent) (2)avec des cheveux (blond) (3) et (court) (4) et des yeux(brun) (5). Mon père est (fort) (6) et il est très sympathique. Mon frère et moi, nous sommes (content) (7) de nosparents.

■ Tout ensemble!Éric sees his friends Paul and Anne at the cafeteria. Complete their conversation with thewords from the list.

allez-vousbleueça va

deestgrande

merciqui est-ces’appelle

sommeset toiun

uneune question

ÉRIC: Salut, Paul et Anne. Comment (1)?

PAUL: (2) bien. (3)?

ÉRIC: Bien, (4). J’ai (5) pour vous. Regardez la(6) fille blonde là-bas. (7)?

PAUL: La fille qui porte (8) jupe (9)?

ÉRIC: Non, elle porte (10) jean.

ANNE: Ah oui! Elle (11) Natalie. Elle est (12) New York.

ÉRIC: Ah bon? Elle (13) étudiante?

PAUL: Oui, en lettres (humanities). Nous (14) dans la même classe dephilosophie. Viens (Come on), je vais vous présenter.

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 27

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 31: Motifs Ch1

NomsLa salle de classe The classroomune activité an activityun bureau a deskun cahier a notebookun(e) camarade de classe a classmateune chaise a chairune chose a thingune craie a piece of chalkun crayon a pencilles devoirs (m pl) homeworkun dictionnaire a dictionaryun(e) étudiant(e) a studentune fenêtre a windowune lampe a lampun livre a bookun mur a wallun ordinateur a computerune porte a doorun professeur (prof, fam) a teacherune question a questionun stylo a penune table a tableun tableau a (black)board

Les vêtements Clothingun chapeau a hatdes chaussures (f pl) shoesune chemise a shirtune jupe a skirtdes lunettes (f pl) glassesun maillot de bain a bathing suitun manteau a coatun pantalon (a pair of) pantsune robe a dressun sac (à dos) a purse (backpack)

Mots apparentés: un jean, un T-shirt, un pull-over,(pull, fam), des sandales (f pl), un short, des tennis (f pl), un sweatshirt, des baskets (f pl)

Les personnes Peopleun(e) ami(e) a friendun(e) enfant a childune femme a womanune fille a girlun garçon a boyun homme a man

Pronomsje Itu you (singular, informal)il heelle sheon one, people, we (fam)nous we

vous you (plural or formal)ils they (m)elles they (f)

AdjectifsLa description physique Physical descriptionbeau (belle) handsome (beautiful)blond(e) blondbrun(e) brown, brunette(les cheveux) blonds, blond, brown, red, gray,

bruns, roux, gris, short, long (hair)courts, longs

de taille moyenne of average sizefort(e) heavy, stocky; stronggrand(e) big; talljeune youngjoli(e) prettylaid(e) uglymoche (fam) uglypetit(e) little, small; short

(person)vieux (vieille) old, elderly

La description de Personal la personnalité characteristics

célèbre famouscharmant(e) charmingcomique funnygentil(le) niceraisonnable sensiblesympathique (sympa, fam) nice

Mots apparentés: amusant(e), fatigué(e), idéaliste,intelligent(e), nerveux (nerveuse), optimiste,patient(e), riche, sérieux (sérieuse), sociable, timide

Les couleurs Colorsblanc(he) whitebleu(e) bluebrun(e) browngris(e) grayjaune yellowmarron brownnoir(e) blackrose pinkrouge redvert(e) green

Mots apparentés: beige, orange, violet(te)

Les nombres(See page 18 for numbers 0–60.)zéro, un, deux, trois... soixante

28 vingt-huit � Module 1 Les camarades et la salle de classe

� Vocabulaire

■ Vocabulaire fondamental

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 28

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 32: Motifs Ch1

Nomsun blouson a jacketune brosse a chalkboard eraserun chemisier a blouseun classeur a binderun complet a man’s suitdes coordonnées (f pl) contact

informationune cravate a tieune feuille de papier a sheet of paperune horloge a clockune idée an ideaune lumière a lightdes lunettes (f pl) de soleil sunglassesle monde francophone the French-speaking

worldun parapluie an umbrellaun pupitre a student deskun sourire a smileun(e) voisin(e) a neighbor

Les professions Professionsun acteur (une actrice) an actorun basketteur basketball playerun chanteur (une chanteuse) a singerun couturier (une couturière) a fashion designerun danseur (une danseuse) a dancerun écrivain a writerun joueur (une joueuse) a soccer player

de footun mannequin a modelun metteur en scène a (film) directorun prince (une princesse) a prince (princess)un rocker a rock musician

Verbesfaire la bise to kiss on both cheeks(se) présenter to introduce oneself or

another personse saluer to greet each otheril y a there is, there are

VerbesJe m’appelle... My name is . . .Il s’appelle... His name is . . .être to beporter to wear

Mots diversune adresse de courriel an email addressassez somewhat, kind ofaussi also, tooun chien a dogmerci thank youmoi aussi me toopas notpas du tout not at alls’il vous plaît, s’il te please

plaît (fam)très very

Expressions utilesComment se présenter How to introduce

et se saluer oneself and greetpeople

(See pages 2–4 for additional expressions.)Au revoir. À bientôt. Good-bye, So long.

See you soon.

Bonjour, madame. Hello, ma’am.Comment allez-vous? How are you?Comment ça va? How are you? (fam)Bonsoir, monsieur. Good evening, sir.Comment s’appelle-t-il/elle? What’s his/her name?Je m’appelle Marie. Et vous? My name is Mary.

What’s yours?Je te/vous présente Jean. This is Jean.Je suis de Paris. Et vous? I’m from Paris.

And you?Salut, ça va? Hi, how are you?Ciao. Bye. (fam)

Comment communiquer How to communicateen classe in class

(See pages 16–17 for additional expressions.)Ouvrez votre livre. Open your book.J’ai une question. I have a question.Je ne comprends pas. I don’t understand.Comment ça s’écrit? How is it spelled?

QuestionsDe quelle couleur est... ? What color is . . . ?Qui est-ce? Who is it?Qu’est-ce que c’est? What is it?Est-ce que c’est un stylo? Is it a pen?

Vocabulaire � vingt-neuf 29

■ Vocabulaire supplémentaire

29817_01_ch1_p001-029 pp4 10/31/06 2:32 PM Page 29

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 33: Motifs Ch1

� Appendix B

Appendix B � quatre cent quatre-vingt-cinq 485

Module 1 Exercice 1

1. vous 2. tu 3. vous 4. tu 5. tu 6. vous 7. vous

Exercice 21. f 2. g 3. c 4. a 5. d 6. b 7. e

Exercice 31. Est-ce que c’est une table?2. Est-ce qu’il s’appelle Patrick?3. Qu’est-ce que c’est?4. Qui est-ce?5. Est-ce que c’est une chaise?

Exercice 41. des professeurs 2. desétudiants 3. des pupitres 4. desportes 5. des cahiers 6. desbureaux

Exercice 51. un 2. des 3. un 4. une 5. des 6. une 7. un 8. des

Exercice 61. tu 2. elle 3. ils 4. nous 5. elles6. vous

Exercice 71. êtes 2. suis 3. est 4. sommes 5. est 6. est 7. sont 8. sont 9. es

Exercice 81. blonde 2. intelligente 3. vieille,verte 4. beau 5. gentille

Exercice 91. belle 2. intelligente 3. blonds 4. courts 5. bruns 6. fort 7. contents

Tout ensemble!1. allez-vous 2. Ça va 3. Et toi 4. merci 5. une question 6. grande 7. Qui est-ce 8. une 9. bleue 10. un 11. s’appelle 12. de 11. est 12. sommes

Réponses aux exercices

29817_17_apx_p485-490 pp2 11/3/06 5:09 PM Page 485

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

This page contains answers for this chapter only.

Licensed to:

Page 34: Motifs Ch1

� Credits

Credits � 517

Text/Realia20: TOUT LE MONDE Paroles & musique: ZAZIE Arrangements: Pierre JACONELLI & Christophe VOISIN © 1998UNIVERSAL MUSIC PUBLISHING (catalogue Larsen) “Avec l’aimable autorisation d’UNIVERSAL MUSICPUBLISHING”; 48: Tony Parker, J’aime, J’aime pas, www.tp9.net; 65: Astérix, Les Éditions Albert René; 76: Hestia danstoute la France, Hestia ad 78: “La famille Bellelli”, Le guide du musée d’Orsay © La Réunion des Musées Nationaux,1986; 107: Adapté de “Au septième Tour, Lance se reposa” par Florian Joyard, Vélo Magazine août 2005 : adapté del’Équipe, 25 juillet 2006; 132: Menu, Le Café de la Sorbonne; 169: “L’Express sommaire” in L’Express Magazine, no.2834, 27 octobre au 2 novembre 2005; 174: “Jacques Brel: Chanteur en rébellion”, Montaut; 206: Jacques Prévert, “Dé-jeuner du matin” in Paroles © Éditions Gallimard; 234: © Hergé/Moulinsart 2006; 234: Astérix, Les Éditions AlbertRené; 234: Titeuf by Zep © Éditions Glénat; 238–239: “Alceste a été renvoyé” in Les Récrés du petit Nicolas deSempé/Goscinny © Éditions Denoël, 1961, 2002; 270: “Le pays va mal” © Universal, 2002; 302–303: Eugène Ionesco,“Premier conte pour enfants de moins de trois ans” in Présent passé, passé présent © Mercure de France, 1968; 322:Paris map, Galeries Lafayette; 338: Jacques Prévert, “Le Message” in Paroles © Éditions Gallimard; 354: Courtesy ofLaurence Denié-Hygney; 392: Association Action Migraine, PSA; 400: Antismoking PSA; 402: “La main tendue, vouspouvez les aider”, Femme Actuelle; 404–406: “Je suis malade” in Le petit Nicolas de Sempé/Goscinny © Éditions Denoël,1960, 2002; 427: Courtesy of Fondation Abbé Pierre, www.fondation-abbe-pierre.fr; 428: “Touche pas à mon pote”,www.sos-racisme.org; 430: Loto, France; 438–439: Magali Morsi, “L’affaire du collier” in Les femmes du Prophète© Mercure de France, 1989; 456: “Le Petit Chaperon rouge” et “La Belle au bois dormant”, 1916 (edition out of copy-right), Émile Guérin, éditeur; 457–458: “Gaston et la chaise tournante” in Gaston Lagaffe © Éditions Dupuis, MarsuProductions; 459: Les Choristes, Galatée Films; 467–468: J.-M. G. Le Clézio, “Ô voleur, voleur, quelle vie est la tienne?”in La ronde et autres faits divers © Éditions Gallimard.

29817_21_credits_p517-520 pp2 11/3/06 4:56 PM Page 517

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 35: Motifs Ch1

518 � Credits

Module 10–1: ©Ulrike Welsch/PhotoEdit2 top left: ©Royalty-Free/CORBIS2 top right: ©Spencer Grant/PhotoEdit2 bottom: ©Robert Fried/Alamy3 top: ©Reuters/CORBIS3 bottom: ©Rufus F. Folkks/CORBIS5 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank5 bottom: ©Dan Porges/Peter Arnold, Inc.6: ©GreenShoots Communications/Photographers Direct9 top left: ©Benoit Peverelli/Corbis9 top center: ©Philippe Giraud/CORBIS SYGMA9 top right: ©Reuters/CORBIS9 center left: ©Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images9 center: ©Bernard Bisson/CORBIS SYGMA9 center right: ©Evan Agostini/Getty Images9 bottom left: ©AP Photo9 bottom left center: ©Juminer Bruno/CORBIS SYGMA9 bottom center: ©Ben Radford/Getty Images9 bottom right center: ©Reuters/CORBIS9 bottom right: ©Arnaldo Magnani/Getty Images10 top: ©Arnaldo Magnani/Getty Images10 top left: ©Evan Agostini/Getty Images10 top center: ©Ben Radford/Getty Images10 top right: ©Juminer Bruno/CORBIS SYGMA10 bottom left: ©Reuters/CORBIS10 bottom center: ©Benoit Peverelli/Corbis10 bottom right: ©Bernard Bisson/CORBIS SYGMA10 bottom: ©Reuters/CORBIS12 top: ©Robert Llewellyn/SuperStock12 bottom: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank20: ©Fabrice Vallon/CORBIS KIPA

Module 230–31: ©STF/AFP/Getty Images33: ©Directphoto.org/Alamy34: ©Amet Jean Pierre/CORBIS SYGMA35: ©Mat Jacob/The Image Works36: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank48: ©Benoit Peverelli/Corbis

Module 358–59: ©Omni Photo Communications Inc./Index StockImagery61: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank62 top: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS62 bottom: ©AP Photo/Paul Sakuma63 top: ©Camera Lucida/Alamy63 bottom: ©Stephen Simpson/Taxi/Getty Images68: ©Lawrence Manning/CORBIS

72: ©Jonathan Stark/Index Stock Imagery73 top: ©AP Photo/Francois Mori73 top center: ©Cheryl Maeder/Iconica/Getty Images73 bottom center: ©Mark Segal/Index Stock Imagery73 bottom: ©Royalty-Free/CORBIS75: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank78: ©Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY

Module 488–89: ©David R. Frazier92 left: ©Ben Radford/Getty Images92 top right: ©Lucas Schifres/Bloomberg News/Landov92 center right: ©AP Photo/Martin Meissner92 bottom right: ©Reglain Frederic/Gamma94: ©Cephas Picture Library/Alamy98 top left: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank98 top center: ©Ted Pink/Alamy98 top right: ©Art Kowalsky/Alamy98 bottom: ©Directphoto.org/Photographers Direct99 top: ©Peter Menzel/Stock Boston99 bottom: ©Mat Jacob/The Image Works102 top: ©Directphoto.org/Alamy102 bottom: ©Andrew Holt/Alamy104 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank104 bottom: ©Bruno de Hogues107 left: ©AP Photo/Christophe Ena107 right: ©AP Photo/Peter Dejong

Module 5120–121: ©Bob Handelman/Stone/Getty Images122: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS125 left: ©SuperStock125 center: ©Photodisc Green/Getty Images125 right: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank126: ©Hahn/laif/AURORA128: ©AP Photo/Jacques Brinon129: ©Movie Stills Archive133 top right: ©SCPhotos/Alamy136 left: ©AP Photo/Anja Niedringhaus136 right: ©age fotostock/SuperStock

Module 6154–155: ©Chad Ehlers/Alamy160: ©Catherine Ledner/Stone/Getty Images170 top left: ©Clive Brunskill/Getty Images170 bottom left: ©Dreamworks LLC/The KobalCollection170 right: ©AP Photo/Alessandro Trovati171: ©Stock Montage/Index Stock Imagery172 top left: ©H. Armstrong Roberts/Retrofile/GettyImages

PhotoAll images not credited are the property of the authors or The Thomson Corporation.

29817_21_credits_p517-520 pp2 11/3/06 4:56 PM Page 518

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 36: Motifs Ch1

172 top right: ©Ewing Galloway/Index Stock Imagery172 bottom left: ©Bettmann/CORBIS172 bottom right: ©Bettmann/CORBIS174: ©Giribaldi Gilbert/Gamma

Module 7186–187: ©Esther Marshall191 left: ©Digital Vision/Getty Images191 center: ©Nancy R. Cohen/Photodisc Green/GettyImages191 right: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank194 left: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank194 center: ©Marnie Burkhart/Masterfile194 right: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank201 left: ©Photononstop/Envision201 center: ©Steven Mark Needham/FoodPix201 right: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank206 top: ©Ara Guler/Magnum Photos206 bottom: ©James Leynse/CORBIS

Module 8220–221: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank222: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Resource Bank224: ©Vincent Besnault/Sygma/Corbis225: ©Robert DOISNEAU/RAPHO227 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank227 center: ©Vince Streano/CORBIS227 bottom: ©Benelux Press/Index Stock Imagery228: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS229: ©Fogstock LLC/Index Open233: ©Picture Partners/Alamy235 top: ©Rolf Bruderer/Masterfile235 bottom: ©Dennis Hallinan/Alamy

Module 9252–253: ©Michele Burgess/Index Stock Imagery254 top left: ©Andre Jenny/Alamy254 top right: ©Michael Dwyer/Stock Boston254 bottom: ©Dave G. Houser/CORBIS256: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Resource Bank258 top: ©Alain Jocard/AFP/Getty Images258 bottom: ©ArenaPal/Topham/The Image Works259: ©Eric Fougere/CORBIS KIPA262: ©Beryl Goldberg266: ©Marc Steinmetz/Visum/The Image Works267 top: ©Hemis/Alamy267 center: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank267 bottom: ©ImageDJ/Index Open270: ©Alain Jocard/AFP/Getty Images

Module 10284–285: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS286: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS293 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank293 bottom: ©Bernard Annebicque/CORBIS SYGMA294 top: ©Bill Bachmann/Index Stock Imagery294 bottom: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank297 top: ©Djamel Khechine/CORBIS KIPA299: ©Jed Leicester/Bloomberg News/Landov

Module 11316–317: ©Fernand Ivaldi/Iconica/Getty Images318: ©Brian Lawrence/ImageState/Jupiter Images319 top left: ©Janet Generalli/Index Stock Imagery319 top right: ©Walter Bibikow/Index Stock Imagery319 bottom right: ©Philip Gould/CORBIS320 top left: ©Walker/Index Stock Imagery320 center: ©David Noble Photography/Alamy320 bottom left: ©Owen Franken/CORBIS320 bottom right: ©Robert Fried/Alamy326 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank330 top center: ©David Ball/Index Stock Imagery330 top right: ©Rick Strange/Index Stock Imagery330 bottom center: ©Hubert Stadler/CORBIS330 bottom right: ©Gail Mooney/CORBIS333: ©Hemis/Alamy335: ©Directphoto.org/Alamy338: ©Ara Guler/Magnum Photos

Module 12350–351: ©John Angerson/Alamy352 top left: ©Michael Nicholson/CORBIS352 top center: ©Photolibrary.com Pty. Ltd./Index Open352 top right: ©Dag Sundberg/Getty Images352 bottom left: ©The Thomson Corporation/HeinleImage Resource Bank352 bottom right: ©Kevin Dodge/Masterfile355: ©Martine Franck/Magnum Photos356: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank360 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank360 bottom: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank363: ©AbleStock/Index Stock Imagery364: ©Sabine Weiss/RAPHO370: ©Robert Fried/Alamy371 top: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank371 bottom: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle ImageResource Bank372: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Resource Bank

Module 13384–385: ©Raffy Martin/CORBIS SYGMA

Credits � 519

29817_21_credits_p517-520 pp2 11/3/06 4:56 PM Page 519

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.

Licensed to:

Page 37: Motifs Ch1

520 � Credits

386: ©Duomo/CORBIS387: ©J.J. Lapey Ronnie/Liaison/Getty Images394: ©VStock LLC/Index Open395: ©AbleStock/Index Open396: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank397 top: ©AP Photo/Laurent Emmanuel397 bottom: ©AP Photo/Elise Amendola

Module 14418–419: ©Thomas Craig/Index Stock Imagery420: ©Robert Doisneau/RAPHO423: ©Warner Bros/The Kobal Collection425: ©Ben Radford/Getty Images

431: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image ResourceBank436: ©ImageDJ/Index Open437: ©AP Photo/Keystone/Sandro Campardo438: ©SGM/Stock Connection/Jupiter Images

Module de récapitulation450–451: ©The Thomson Corporation/Heinle Image Re-source Bank459: ©Courtesy of Miramax Films/Bureau L.A.Collec-tions/Corbis463 top: ©Giraudon/Art Resource, NY463 bottom: ©Manciet/Liaison/Gamma

29817_21_credits_p517-520 pp2 11/3/06 4:56 PM Page 520

Copyright 2007 Thomson Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved.May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.