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Mosquitoes Johnson County Health Department Amber Terhune, RN, BSN, Health Educator October 2017
Transcript of Mosquitoes - co.johnson.in.usco.johnson.in.us/health/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Mosquitoes-PD… ·...
MosquitoesJohnson County Health Department
Amber Terhune, RN, BSN, Health Educator
October 2017
About Mosquitoes
One of the deadliest
animals in world
Cause millions of deaths
worldwide each year
Around over 200 million
years
About 175 species in the
United States
CDC. Mosquito Control: Mosquito Life Cycle, n.d.
https://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/MosquitoLifecycle.pdf
Mosquito Bites
Only female mosquitoes
feed on blood for protein
Select food source by:
Scent
Exhaled CO₂
Human sweat chemicals
Detecting body heat
Stoller-Conrad, Jessica. Caltech. Mosquitoes Use Smell to See Their
Hosts, 16 Jul. 2015. http://www.caltech.edu/news/mosquitoes-use-
smell-see-their-hosts-47338
Common Bite Reactions
Prime Health Channel. Mosquito Bites- Pictures, Itch, Swelling, Prevention and
Treatment, 15 Mar. 2011. http://www.primehealthchannel.com/mosquito-
bites-pictures-itch-swelling-prevention-and-treatment.html
Swelling
Soreness
Redness
Severe Bite Reactions
Allergic to Mosquito Bites. Skeeter Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment
and Prevention, n.d. http://allergictomosquitobites.com/skeeter-
syndrome-symptoms-treatment-prevention.html
Skeeter Syndrome
Hives
Fever
Large area of swelling
Blisters and bruising
Swollen lymph nodes
Anaphylaxis
When To See A Doctor
Adbukovsky. Adbukovsky’s Blog. Cellulitis/Abscess From a Mosquito Bite ….
FML, 24 Aug. 2013. https://adbukovsky.wordpress.com/2013/08/24/cellulitis-
from-a-mosquito-bite/
Any signs of infectionHeadache Fever
Body aches
Neck stiffness
Nausea
Vomiting
Mosquito Bite Relief
Pinterest. Treatment for Mosquito Bites, n.d.
https://www.pinterest.com/explore/treatment-for-mosquito-bites/
Topicals Oral Antihistamines Cool Compress
Mosquito-Borne Diseases
Transmitted by Aedes, Anopheles, & Culex Mosquitoes
Chikungunya
Dengue Fever
Eastern Equine Encephalitis
Japanese Encephalitis
La Crosse Encephalitis
Malaria
Rift Valley Fever
St. Louis Encephalitis
West Nile Virus
Western Equine Encephalitis
Yellow Fever
Zika Virus
Chikungunya(CHIKV)
Found in Asia, Africa, Europe,
the Americas
Almost 2 million cases reported
worldwide
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 3-7 days
Rarely fatalHealth.mil. Zika Virus and Sexual Transmission, n.d.
https://health.mil/News/Gallery/Infographics/201
6/06/21/Zika-Virus-and-Sexual-Transmission
Dengue Fever
Life of Muslim. Dengue Fever Symptoms-The Symptoms of Dengue
Fever, 30 Sep. 2011. http://www.lifeofmuslim.com/2011/09/dengue-
fever-symptoms-symptoms-of.html
Found in Asia, Africa,
Caribbean, United States
390 million people infected every year
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 4-7 days
25% develop symptoms
May become fatal
Eastern Equine Encephalitis(EEEV)
Found in Atlantic and Gulf Coast States, Great Lakes Region, Central and South America, Caribbean
Average 8 cases per year in United States
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 4-10 days
1/3 with severe disease die
Mild Symptoms:
Fever
Headache
Sore throat
Severe Symptoms:
Seizures
Coma
Death
Brain inflammation
Permanent brain
damage
WebMD. Encephalitis, 22 May 2015.
https://www.webmd.com/brain/encephalitis
Japanese Encephalitis(JEV)
Reynolds, Ross & Hurst, Andy. KUOW. Seattle Non-Profit’s Role in Newly Approved
Vaccine For Deadly Brain Disease, 7 Nov. 2013. http://kuow.org/post/seattle-non-
profits-role-newly-approved-vaccine-deadly-brain-disease
Found in East and Southeast
Asia, Australia
About 68,000 cases each year
Vaccine available
No treatment
Incubation period 5-15 days
La Crosse Encephalitis(LACV)
Matsko, MD, Chris M. WikiHow. How to Get Rid of a Sinus Headache,
2017. https://www.wikihow.com/Get-Rid-of-a-Sinus-Headache
Found in Appalachian and
Midwestern regions of U.S.
About 90 cases each year
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 5-15 daysMore severe:
Seizures
Coma
Paralysis
Permanent brain damage
Malaria
Found in Africa, India, Southeast
Asia, Middle East, Oceania,
Central & South America
Around thousands of years
More than 400,000 deaths
worldwide every year
Pre- and post-disease treatment
available
Incubation period 7-30 daysMPHARMA Co Ltd. Malaria, Mar. 2014.
http://mpharmaco.com/Malaria.html
Severe cases:
Coma
Death
Rift Valley Fever(RVFD)
Kerkar, MD, Pramod. ePainAssist. What Are the Symptoms of Rift
Valley Fever & Who is at Risk? 10 Jul, 2017.
https://www.epainassist.com/infections/symptoms-of-rift-valley-fever
Found in Africa and
Middle East
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 2-6 days
St. Louis Encephalitis(SLEV)
Found in United States,
Canada, Mexico
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 5-15 days
Case fatality rate 5-15%
Kerkar, MD, Pramod. ePainAssist. St. Louis Encephalitis:
Transmission, Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, Prevention,
Risk Factors, 1 Aug. 2016.
https://www.epainassist.com/brain/st-louis-encephalitis
Fever
Headache
Severe cases:
Stupor Convulsions
Coma Neck stiffness
Tremors Spastic Paralysis
Inflammation
West Nile Virus(WNV)
Mosquito Magnet. How to Get Rid of Mosquitoes, 2017.
http://www.mosquitomagnet.com/advice/mosquito-info/control-methods
Found in Western Mediterranean, Africa, Middle
East, Europe, United States
Millions of cases reported
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 3-15 days
Severe illness or death more
common over 50 years old
Western Equine Encephalitis(WEEV)
Found in United States,
Canada, South America
Less than 700 cases in U.S.
since 1964
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period 5-10 days
Case fatality rate 5-15%Gochipmunk.com. West Nile Virus
in the United States, 21 Jan. 2004.
http://www.gochipmunk.com/ht
ml/westni_1.html
Severe illness:
Coma
Encephalitis
Death
Yellow Fever
VisualDx. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, n.d.
https://www.visualdx.com/public-health/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers
Found in tropical areas of
Africa and South America
Estimated 200,000 illnesses
worldwide each year
Vaccine available
No treatment
Incubation period 3-6 days
Zika Virus(ZIKV)
Found in about 40 countries
No vaccine or treatment
Incubation period days to a week
Hospitalization uncommon
Death very rare
Pregnant women should avoid endemic areas
Edvotek. Outbreak! Zika Testing Using the Enzyme-
Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), 21 Nov. 2016.
http://www.edvotek.com/Outbreak-Zika-Testing-
Using-the-Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent-Assay-ELISA
Prevent Mosquito Breeding
Re/Max Infinity. Mosquito
Control, 29 Apr. 2015.
http://rmxipm.com/mosq
uito-control/
Prevent Mosquito Bites
CDC. Mosquito Bite Prevention for Travelers, 13 Oct. 2016.
https://www.cdc.gov/chikungunya/pdfs/fs_mosquito_bite_prevention_travelers.pdf
CDC. Mosquito Bite Prevention (United States), 10 Jul, 2017.
https://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/fs_mosquito_bite_prevention_us.pdf
References
American Mosquito Control Association. “Mosquito-Borne Diseases.” Mosquito.org, n.d. http://www.mosquito.org/. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Avoid Mosquito Bites.” CDC.gov, 7 Dec. 2016. https://www.cdc.gov/features/stopmosquitoes/index.html. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
Indiana State Department of Health. “West Nile Virus.” IN.gov, n.d. http://www.in.gov/isdh/files/wnvbrochure.pdf. Accessed 15 Sep. 2017.
Mayo Clinic. “Mosquito Bites.” MayoClinic.org, 22 Oct. 2015. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mosquito-bites/basics/definition/con-20032350. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
Mega Catch. “Mosquito Diseases.” MegaCatch.com, 2017. https://www.megacatch.com/mosquito-faqs/mosquito-diseases.html. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
Mosquito Magnet. “Mosquito Fun Facts.” MosquitoMagnet.com, 2017. http://www.mosquitomagnet.com/advice/mosquito-info. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
World Health Organization. “Neglected Tropical Diseases: Mosquito-Borne Diseases.” WHO.int, Oct.
2017. http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/vector_ecology/mosquito-borne-diseases/en/. Accessed 14 Sep. 2017.
