Morphology (Tutorial 4) WOOSH WOOSH WOOSH By Team Woosh.
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Transcript of Morphology (Tutorial 4) WOOSH WOOSH WOOSH By Team Woosh.
Morphology (Tutorial 4)
WOOSH WOOSH WOOSH
By Team Woosh
Question 1
Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Syllables ≠ Morphemes Morphemes:
- Smallest unit of words that carries meaning or function Syllables:
- Rhythmic units of speech Limerick:
- Five line poem with strict rhyme scheme- Rhyme at first two lines with last and the third and fourth line- AABBA
Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Hen VS Wren Beard VS Feared
Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Hen- Syllables: Hen- Morphemes: Hen
Wren- Syllables: Wren- Morphemes: Wren
Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Beard- Syllables: Beard- Morphemes: Beard
Feared- Syllables: Feared- Morphemes: Fear-ed
Feared
Fear -ed
Question 3
Structural Ambiguity
Structural Ambiguity• Structural Ambiguity
• More than one structure available for a complex expression• Eg. Unlockable
• Lexical Ambiguity• Multiple meanings of a single item• Eg. Bank Lexical
Ambiguity
Structural Ambiguity
Structural Ambiguity
i) Unlockable: - not able to be locked
ii) Unlockable: - able to be unlocked
unlockable
un- -lockable
lock- -able
unlockable
unlock- -able
un- -lock
Structural Ambiguity
unlockable
un- -lockable
lock- -able
unlockable
unlock- -able
un- -lock
BASE!
Question 2
Morphological Trees
Question 2a
Adj
unbelievable
un believable
believe able
Af
RootAf
Adj
Verb
* Unbelieve Unbearable Unsubscribe Unbolt
Question 2b
industrialize ation
industry
lizeindustrial
ial
IndustrialzationBase
Adj
Base
Verb
Noun Root
Af
Af
Noun
Af
Question 2c
Nuclear Physicist
nuclear physicistWord
physics ist
Base
Af
Adj
Noun
Noun
Noun
Root
Question 2d
McCainiac
McCain iac
Noun
Noun
Root
Brainiac Maniac Insomniac Cardiac (Adj)
http://www.imakenews.com/lweaver/e_article001202442.cfm?x=bdhk3s9,b4wmV4K7,w
Question 2eN-N Compounding
microwave ability
micro wave able ity
Noun
NounNoun
WordWord
AfAf RootRoot
AdjNoun
Microwavability
Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta(h) akesaserareta(i) tabesasenai(j) tabenai(k) tabesaserareru
Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta(h) akesaserareta
Past - ta
Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k) tabesaserareru
“open” - ake “eat” - tabe
Question 4a
(e) taberareta – ‘X was eaten’ (f) akerareta – ‘X was opened’ (g) tabesaserareta – ‘X was made to eat Y’
(h) akesaserareta – ‘X was made to open Y’
Passive Marker - rare
Question 4a
Causative Marker - sase
(c) tabesaseta – ‘X made Y eat Z’ (d) akesaseta – ‘X made Y open Z’ (g) tabesaserareta – ‘X was made to eat Y’ (h) akesaserareta – ‘X was made to open Y’
(i) tabesasenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t make Y eat Z’
(k) tabesaserareru – ‘X is/will be made to eat Y’
Question 4a
Negative Marker - nai
(i) tabesasenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t make Y eat Z’ (j) tabenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t eat Z’
Question 4a
Non-Past Marker - ru
(k) tabesaserareru – ‘X is/will be made to eat Y’
Question 4b(i)Firstly, compare (a) to (k)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k)tabesaserareru
Question 4b(i)Firstly, compare (a) to (k)
Root (ake, tabe) is always the first in the verb
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k)tabesaserareru
Question 4b(i)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta
(e) taberareta (f) akerareta (g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Question 4b(i)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta
(e) taberareta (f) akerareta (g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Past (ta) would always bein the last position
Question 4b(i)
• Then (g) and (h)..
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Question 4b(i)
• Then (g) and (h)..
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Sase: CausativeRare: Passive
Causative before Passive
Question 4b(i)
• And finally, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondPassive - ThirdPast - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Passive, Past
Question 4b(ii)
(k) tabesaserareru
Looking at (k),
Last – RUCausative would come before the non-past
Question 4b(ii)
So, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondNon-Past - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Non-Past
Question 4b(iii)
Looking at (I) and (j), (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai
Question 4b(iii)
Looking at (I) and (j), (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai
Negative is always lastHence causative between root and negative
Question 4b(iii)
So, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondNegative - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Negative
Question 4c(i)•
'(She) will make (him) open (them).'
RU SASE AKE
Answer: Akesaseru1st: Root (open)2nd:Causative (make)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
Question 4c(ii)
'(He) will be made to open (them).'
RU SASERARE AKE
Answer: Akesaserareru1st: Root (open)2nd:Causative (made to)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
Question 4d(i)
• Uketa = (She) took (a test)
Uke = Take Ta = Past
Question 4d(i)
• '(She) was made to take (a test).'
TA SASERARE UKE
Answer: Ukesaserareta1st: Root (take)2nd:Causative (made)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past (was)
Question 4d(ii)
'(She) makes (him) take (a test).'
SASERU UKE
Answer: Ukesaseru1st: Root (take)2nd:Causative (makes)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
Question 4d(iii)
'(She) will not take (a test).'
NAI UKE
Answer: Ukenai (?)
Proudly Presented By..
Team WOOSH!
Zack, Will, Zu Mei, Chun Qian