More than a Decade of Corn GM Crops Biotechnologies in the Philippines

“10+ Years of Raising Productivity and Incomes of Smallholder Corn Farmers, Achieving Feedstock Self-Sufficiency, Providing Secure and

Quality Meats to Consumers and Caring for the Environment”

Butch Umengan – Executive Director

The National Corn Competitiveness Board• Mandates: AFMA and the establishment of private sector

led commodity boards to be consulted and partnered with government

• Composition: Multi-stakeholders, all main players in the sector’s supply chain

• Established in November 13, 2002 (SEC REGISTRATION)

Producers AssemblersSemi-Processors End Users

The National Corn Competitiveness Board

• Name: Sub-sector Represented: Company/Office

• Ms. Doris Magsaysay-Ho Chairperson Shipping Magsaysay Shipping and Philippine Interisland Shipping Association (PISA)• Engr. Roger Navarro Farmers PO Philippine Maize Federation (Phil Maize)• Ms. Rosalie Ellasus Farmers PO Kasakalikasan Farmers Cooperative – Phil Maize• Atty. Ibarra Malonzo Farmers NGO Kasanyangan-Mindanao Foundation Inc. (KFI)• Jonas George Soriano Farmers NGO Ploughshares Inc. – Phil Maize• Ayi Hernandez Farmers NGO Balay Mindanao• Richard Rejas Farmers NGO KPMFI• Oliver Aldeviso Farmers PO Impasugong Samahang Nayon MPC – Phil Maize• Jojo Elvira Jr. Farmers PO Bicol Corn Farmers Board – Phil Maize• Charina Garido-Ocampo Seeds/Inputs Monsanto Philippines• Mr. Jet Parma Seeds/Inputs Pioneer Hi-Bred Philippines• Allan Uy Seeds/Inputs Asian Hybrids• BM Domingo Seeds/Inputs Corn World• Kristian Haraldseth Fertilizer/Inputs Yara Fertilizers Phils.• John Calleja Fertilizer/Inputs Planters Products• Mr. Ronnie Balolong Assembler Cauayan Grains• Ms. Aileen Uy Assembler La Filipina Uygongco Corp.• Mr. Rod Bioco Farmer PO/Assemb Mindanao Grains• Mr. Emmanuel Salvador Assembler N.G. Salvador Grains• Mr. Edgardo Abesamis Ports International Container Terminal Services, Inc (ICTSI)• Mr. Benjamin Akol Ports Philippine Chamber of Arrastre & Stevedoring Operators (PCASO)• Mr. Ramon Atayde Ports Asian Terminals Inc. (ATI)• Mr. Jose Go Jr. Shipping Oceanic Container Lines Inc.• Mr. Bob Gothong Shipping Aboitiz Transport Group Inc.• Capt. Romeo Malig Shipping Lorenzo Shipping Lines• Mr. Jay Olivarez Shipping NMC Container Lines• Mr. James Go Shipping Sulpicio Lines, Inc.• Mr. Emil Tiu Shipping Solid Shipping Lines• Dr. Norman Ramos End User Philippine Association of FeedMillers Inc. (PAFMI)• Mr. Ed Aller End User San Miguel Corporation (SMC)• Mr. Edwin Chen End User National Federation of Hog Farmers Inc. (NFHFI)• Mr. Joji San Diego End User United Broilers Association (UBRA), National Egg Board• Atty. Bong Inciong End User United Broilers Association• Jojie Angeles End User Vitarich Corp.• Reuel Virtucio End User Manok Mabuhay – Bounty Fresh• Mr. Niki Briones End User LIMCOMA• Mr. Rico Geron End User SIDC Cooperative and Batangas Corn Forum• Peter Unabia End User Anakciano/Manok ni Sr. Pedro • Sharon Tan End User Foremost Farms Inc.• Nelson Pual End User Batangas Feed Millers Cooperative• Mr. Noel Taguba GOCC Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP)• Mr. Willy Maldia GOCC LandBank of the Philippines (LBP)• Mr. Bong Baniqued GOCC National Agribusiness Corporation (NABCOR)• Dr. Art Salazar GOCC Institute of Plant Breeding UP at Los Banos• Hon. Sec. Proceso Alcala (Honorary Chair) Government Department of Agriculture (DA)• Dir. ASEC Ed de Luna (Honorary Vice Chair) Government DA Agri Pinoy Corn Program

Integrated Vision and Mission (2008)

• The Corn Board Vision (2008) is a united, integrated, self-sustaining, environmentally friendly, competitive and profitable industry with significant increase in yearly performance level in both volume and value; ensuring an equitable share of wealth for corn poultry and livestock farmers and producers; and providing the Filipino consumer with quality and affordable meats to encourage higher per capita meat consumption

• The Corn Board Mission is to advance and develop our industry resources, research, technology and infrastructure for growth, increased productivity, market and product development, farmer and consumer training and education.

The National Corn Competitiveness Board

• Investments Promotion in Production, Post Harvest Facilities and Logistics in the Corn Industry; Direct Technical Assistance

• Competitiveness Program Initiatives to Make the Industry and Its End Users World Class

• New Technologies and New Markets Development and Promotion

• Policy Advocacy for the Growth and Advancement of the Corn Sub-Sector

• Resource Mobilization and Financing Facilitation to Fuel Industry Stakeholders’ Enterprises

Strategies:

GM TRANSFORMATION EVENTS APPROVED FOR PROPAGATION (single)

GM Single Corn Events for Propagation

Bt Corn:MON 810

Bt 11 TC1507

Roundup ReadyNK603 GA21

Advance BtMON 89034

Total Number of Approved Single Events for cultivation – 6 corn events

Source: BPI, as of August 2014

GM TRANSFORMATION EVENTS APPROVED FOR PROPAGATION (stack)

GM Stacked Corn Events for Propagation

MON810 x NK603 Bt11 x GA21

MON89034 x NK603TC1507 x MON 810 x NK603

TC1507 x MON810TC1507 x NK603

Total Number of Approved Stacked Events for cultivation – 6 stacked corn events

Source: BPI, as of August 2014

GM Crop Approvals

Traits of GM crops being planted (12 regulated articles) - 4 insect resistant corn (MON810, Bt11, MON89034, TC1507) - 2 herbicide tolerant corn (NK603 and GA21) - 6 stacked trait corn - (MON810xNK603, Bt11xGA21

MON89034xNK603, TC1507xMON810xNK603, TC1507xMON810,

TC1507xMON810) Traits of GM crops approved for FFP ( 32 single events and 32 stacked trait products) corn, cotton, potato, soybean, alfalfa, canola, sugar beet, rice

Source: BPI, August 2014

GM TRANSFORMATION EVENTS APPROVED FOR DIRECT USE AS FOOD AND FEED, AND FOR PROCESSING (single)

GM Crop No. of Event/s Approved

Trait of GM Crop

Soybean 9 Herbicide tolerant

Canola 1 Herbicide tolerant

Potato 1 Virus resistant

Rice 1 Herbicide tolerant

Alfalfa 1 Herbicide tolerant

Cotton 4 Insect resistant, Herbicide tolerant

Corn 14 Insect resistant, Herbicide tolerant

Sugarbeet 1 Herbicide tolerant

Total Number of Approved Single Events – 32 single

Source: BPI, as of August 2014

GM TRANSFORMATION EVENTS APPROVED FOR DIRECT USE AS FOOD AND FEED, AND FOR PROCESSING (stack)

Total Number of Approved Stacked Events – 32 stacked genes

GM Crop No. of Event/s Approved

Cotton 3

Soybean 1

Corn 28

Source: BPI, as of August 2014

10+ Years of Corn GM Crops and Biotechnology: Summary Effects and Impact• Increased productivities on corn lands mostly smallholders ( 2

hectares below corn farmers; Agrarian 3 hectares.)• Increased incomes of smallholder corn farmers• Helped Close the gap between local corn feedstock demand and

local supply• Resulted in lesser and lesser feedstock supply insecurity and

helped in food self-sufficiency (meats/proteins)• Dairy and Cattle pressure on sparse pasture (land and water)

resources eased through Silage Corn• Contributed to protection of land and soil resource conservation

and lowering of greenhouse gas emissions and overall protection of the environment

Lower production costs• 60 percent reduction in pesticide use (Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)• Lower labor costs associated with weeding and spraying

Higher yields harvested• Projected to have a yield advantage of up to 41 percent over non-Bt corn

(Gonzales, 2002, as cited by Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)• Bt corn has 34 percent more harvests than non-Bt (Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006)

Biotech Corn Farmers Benefits in the Philippines

Additional profit/Income advantages per hectare from Bt maize adoption, based

on various studiesAuthors Additional profit/Income advantage

Gonzales, 2005, as cited by James, 2008

Dry season: Php 7,482 or $135

Wet season: Php 7,080 or $125

Yorobe and Quicoy, 2006 Php 10,132 or about $218

Gonzales, 2007 Income advantage during dry season: 20-48%

Income advantage during wet season: 5-14%

Gonzales, 2009 Income advantage during dry season: 1-75%

Income advantage during wet season: 3-75%

Bayambang Farms June 2014, Averaged per 1 Ha.

Farm Revenues (7 MT Grains x P 14/kg. Farm Gate Price) 98,000.00

Farm Production Costs 47,270.00Land Prep 3,500.00 Seeds 9,100.00Fertilizers 15,920.00 Glyphosate 800.00 Irrigation 7,250.00 Labor Planting 1,250.00 Labor Harvesting 4,500.00 Labor Maintenance 450.00 Sacks (300 sacks x P 15.00) 4,500.00 Net Farm Incomes 50,730.00

CORN PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE, 2003-2013

Source: PSA-BAS

Mill

ion

MT

4.62

7.38

2.05 2.13

2.56

5.25

-

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Combined White YellowAAGR 5.11% 0.53% 8.02%

CORN AREA HARVESTED, 2003-2013

Source: PSA-BAS

Mill

ion

HA

2.41 2.56

1.56

1.28 0.84

1.29

-

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Combined White YellowAAGR 0.68% (1.96%) 4.55%

CORN AVERAGE YIELD, 2003-2013

Source: PSA-BAS

MT/

HA

1.92

2.88

1.31

1.67

3.03

4.08

-

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Combined White YellowAAGR 4.25% 2.50% 3.10%

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20120

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Corn Area (ha)

Corn Production (mt)

Yield (mt/ha)

Corn Production in the Philippines, 2000-2012H

ecta

res

I m

etri

c to

ns

Yield (tons per hectare)

Source: DA-Bureau of Agricultural Statistics

Start of biotech corn propagation

YELLOW CORN SUPPLY & DEMAND, 2003-2013

Source: PSA-BAS, LDC, PAFMI

99 303

1,196 1,050

3,975

5,287

2,563

5,248

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

VOLU

ME

('000

MT)

YC Import FW Import Local Demand Local Production

Theoretically 99.6% sufficient in yellow corn.

Source: BPI, 2013

GM Corn Plantings from 2003-2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

Estimated no. of biotech or GM corn farmers in the Philippines, 2006-2012 (James, 2013)

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

BtRR

StackedPyramided

GM Adoption by Trait (BPI, 2003-2011)

Bt

RR

Stacked

PyramidedTota

l Hec

tara

ge

Traits/Events 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Grand Total

Bt 10,769 59,756 50,009 96,800 122,613 81,751.5 48,037.5 40,235 21,205 531,176

RR       26,493 120,023 51,485 46,809 8,689.5 15,038 268,537.5

Stacked       4,580 71,279 214,503 232,475 493,598 643,665 1,660,099

Pyramided                 5,463.5 5,463.5

Grand Total 10,769 59,756 50,009 127,873 313,915 347,740 327,321 542,522 685,372 2,465,276

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Total 10,769 59,756 50,009 127,873 313,915 347,740 327,321 542,522 685,372

50,000

150,000

250,000

350,000

450,000

550,000

650,000

10,769 59,756

50,009

127,873

313,915 347,740

327,321

542,522

685,372

Total GM Adoption (BPI, 2003-2011)To

tal H

ecta

rage

CORN PRODUCTION BY REGION, 2013

0.0

200.0

400.0

600.0

800.0

1,000.0

1,200.0

1,400.0

1,600.0

1,800.0

222

395

1,660

266

830

1,036

170 175

355

173 270

519 VO

LUM

E (

'00

0 M

T)

Source: PSA-BAS

CORN AREA BY VARIETY, 2011

Source: BAS, BPI

TOTAL AREA: 2,544,613 HA

Safer Local Environment

• No negative effect on insect population in Bt corn fields (Reyes, 2004)

• Increase in the population of beneficial insects (i.e. beetles, spiders, ladybugs) (Javier et al., 2004, as cited by James, 2009)

• Zero Tillage Technologies has helped conserve soil and water resources

• BPI Biosafety Certificates (GM Corn overall and specific Events) – safe for human and animal consumption

At Monsanto’s North Carolina lab, corn plants emerge from an automated photo booth that documents their growth. The company is trying to develop strains of corn and soybeans that need less water and fertilizer—a goal that’s eluded biotech thus far. Reducing the use of such resources is key to feeding the world in the coming decades. George Steinmetz, National Geographic

Other GM Crops in the Philippine Biotech Pipeline:- Bt Eggplant (Insect Resistant)- Golden Rice (Beta Carotene Vitamin A)

Hurdles and Challenges Ahead

•Old Local Government Ordinances Banning GM Crop Trials and Activities Exist in Bohol, Negros and Mindoro•House Bill on Mandatory GM Labeling of Products is Pending•Some 65% of our corn farmers still need to educated and trained on GM and Biotechnology•Information and Education is needed to spread the news of GM Crops and Biotechnologies to the general populace

Thank You and Good Day