Morality of Rural Development

7/28/2019 Morality of Rural Development

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The Morality of Rural Developmentas Reflected from the Philosophy ofSt. Thomas Aquinasby

sheila g. dolipas


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Rural Development

the aim of ruraldevelopment isimproving thewell-being, abetter quality oflife-of families

and individualsin the ruralareas. (Gomezand Juliano, 1978)

Accelerated Growth Goal

Equitable Distribution Goal

This is a plannedchange thru interventionto improve the quality ofservices, resources, or

opportunities

1. expanding andimproving irrigation anddrainage facilities

2. satisfying raw materialsrequirement for localhousing and constructionindustry

3. intensifying and

improving the efficiencyof production

4. improving the efficiencyof post harvest and

marketing operations.

Distribution of the

services, resources, andopportunities equitably

among the varioussegments of the soceity


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Approaches to Rural

Development Production Resource Transformation

Social Service Transformation

Institutional Structure Transformation

This is generally concerned w

ith the increases in thelevels of production, improvement of products,distributions of production capabilities as well as in

sharing of production inputs.

It involves the improvement in the scope,quality, and distribution of such amenities or

services. (i.e. programs on nutrition,population, out-of-school youth training, etc.)

Focuses on

the development and adaptation

of the institutions providing products andservices.


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Would the approaches,goals, and aims of ruraldevelopment be morally

right according to St.

Thomas Aquinas?


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Paradigm of the Report

The Philosophy

of ManbyThomasAquinas

The morality ofRural

Development


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Primarily a

THEOLOGIAN

THE GREATSYNTHESIZER

Arrived to hisconclusions using

methods inPHILOSOPHY (i.e.

Aristotle)


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Heretical Westerners

St. THOMAS AQUINAS

Averroes Maimonides

aviccena

Medieval Philosophy

St Augustine

Neo-Platonism

Plato

Socrates

Aristotle

St. Thomas Aquinas isclaimed to have

synthesized the paganwith the Christian and

Platonic with theAristotelian in an effort

to best communicatethe TRUTH


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Profile

Also known asDoctor Angelicus;

Doctor Communis;The Dumb Ox;

The Universal Teacher

Born

1225 at Roccasecca, Aquino,Naples, Italy

Died7 March 1274

at Fossanuova near Terracinaof apparent natural causes;relics at Saint-Servin,

Toulouse, France

Canonized

1323

Son of the Count of Aquino

Educated by Benedictine monks

He secretly joined the mendicant Dominican friars

in 1244

His noble family kidnapped and imprisoned him fora year to keep him out of sight, and deprogramhim,

but he rejoined his order in 1245

Ordained in 1250

Taught theology at University of Paris.

He won his doctorate, and taught in several Italian

cities.


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Profile

On 6 December 1273 he experienced adivine revelation.

His works have been influentialto the thinking of the Church ever since.

Pope Leo VIII commanded that his teachingsbe studied by all theology students.

He was proclaimed Doctor of the Churchin 1567.


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His Works

Commentarieson the Logic, Physics, Metaphysics, and Ethics of Aristotle;

on the Scriptures;

on Dionysius the Areopagite;on the Four Books of Sentences of Peter Lombard.

SUMMAEThe Summa contra Gentiles

(A Summary Against the Gentiles),

The Summa Theologica

(A Summary of Theology)

QUESTIONSQuaestiones Disputatae (Disputed Questions):

De Veritate (On Truth),

De Anima (On the Soul),

De Potentia (On Power),De Malo (On Evil), etc.;

Quaestiones Quodlibetales

(Questions About Any Subject).

OPUSCULADe Ente et Essentia (On Being and Essence);

De Unitate Intellectus (On the Unity of the Intellect),

written against the Averroists;

De Regimine Principum (On the Rule of Princes).


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Aquinas was theFIRST to

recognize thatARISTOTOLIANintellectualism

would be ofgreat help forthe study of

Philosophy and

well asTheology

Averroist theory of the doubletruth

VS.

the Augustinians

philosophy andtheology are not

only separate butthey are opposed

No real distinction

betweenphilosophy andtheology can be

madeMade sure that philosophy and theoloy played contemporaryroles in the humans quest for truth

His Philosophy and Theology


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Philosophy begins withthe immediate objectsof sense experience

and reason upward tomore general

conceptions; and

eventually theconception of GOD

His Philosophy and Theology

THEOLOGY beginswith a faith in GODand interprets all

things as creaturesof GOD

Are not contradictoryof each other

Some TRUTHS can be known onlythru revelation and others thruexperience; others are known

through both equally

PHILOSOPHY THEOLOGY

- Play important role to oneanother

&


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The Nature of the Human Person

The sourceand theultimate endof GOD

The humanperson is goodbecause theCREATOR is good.

Doing eviltherefore is not inaccordance withthe nature of thehuman person

The real meaningof ones existencecan be obtained ifhe follow his nature

as good

If human goesagainst hisnature then he isgoing against themoral law

The moral lawis the dictateof the voiceof reason

The GOOD must be done, and EVIL be AVOIDED.


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The Threefold Inclination of the

Human Person1. Self-

Preservation

A person is undera basic moral

obligation toprotect his lifeand health

2. Just Dealingwith Others

3. Propagationof Species

The capacity totreat others withthe same dignity

and respect thathe accords tohimself

Any act of interventionthat will frustrate

and stifle the verypurpose ofreproduction areunnatural therefore,

immoral


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The Determinants Moral

Action

1. The object or

the end of

an action(finis operans)

If the end is inconsonance with the

natural moral lawthen the action isconsidered to be

good.


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2. CircumstancesCircumstantiae

The Determinants of Moral

Action

This is a condition wheregiven circumstances willeither mitigate or

aggravate the goodness orbadness of a particular act


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3. The intentionof the agent

(finis operantis)

The Determinants of Moral

Action

A good act with a

bad motive makesthe moral actionbad


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The Determinants of Moral Action

1. The object or

the end of

an action

(finis operans)

2. CircumstancesCircumstantiae

3. The intentionof the agent(finis operantis)


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The Principles as BASIS of MoralActions

1. The principle ofthe double effect

Four Conditions of thePrinciple

1. The action directly intended must be good in itself or atleast morally indifferent.

2. The good effect must follow from the action as

immediately as the evil effect. (Simultaneous)

3. The foreseen evil effect may not be intended or approvedbut merely permitted to occur

4. There must be a proportionate and sufficient reason forallowing the evil to occur while performing the action

2. The Principle ofTOTALITY

An individual maybe given the right

to cut-off, mutilate,or remove anydefective or worn-out, non-

functioning part ofhis or her body forthe general well-being of the wholebody

3. The Principle ofStewardship

The human person

has theresponsibility ofprotecting hisspiritual and bodilyfunctions.

4. The principle ofinviolability of

human lifeIt is the duty ofevery individualperson to take care

of this life until GODtakes it back fromus.

5. The principle ofsexuality and

procreation


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The Rights and Duties of a

Human Person1. The Right to LIFE 1. The duty to keephealthy and to takecare of oneself.2. The Right toPRIVATEPROPERTY

2. The Duty to takecare of ones propertyand respect theproperty of others


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The Rights and Duties of a

Human Person

3. The Right toMARRY

3. The duty tosupport ones

family

4. The right to

physical freedomor personalliberty

4. The duty torespect privateboundaries


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The Rights and Duties of aHuman Person

5. The Right toWORSHIP

5. The duty forreligious tolerance

6. The right to

work

6. The duty to

perform at onesbest


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The Morality of the Aim of

Rural Development the aim of rural

development is

improving the well-being, a betterquality of life-offamilies and

individuals in therural areas. (Gomezand Juliano, 1978)

Morally Right

It adheres to theNatural inclination ofSELF-PRESERVATION

Right to Life

Duty to Take Care ofOne self


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Morality of the Goals of

Rural DevelopmentAccelerated Growth Goal

Equitable Distribution Goal

This is a plannedchange thru interventionto improve the quality ofservices, resources, or

opportunities

Distribution of theservices, resources, andopportunities equitably

among the varioussegments of the society

MORALLY RIGHT

Application of theprinciple of double

effect and the

principle of totality


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The Morality of the Approaches

of Rural DevelopmentProduction Resource

Transformation

Social ServiceTransformation

InstitutionalStructureTransformation

By themselves are morallyindifferent

The specifics of eachapproach will determine

its morality


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Creator of all things, true source of light and wisdom, origin ofall being, graciously let a ray of your light penetrate the

darkness of my understanding.

Take from me the double darkness in which I have been born,an obscurity of sin and ignorance.

Give me a keen understanding, a retentive memory, and theability to grasp things correctly and fundamentally.

Grant me the talent of being exact in my explanations and theability to express myself with thoroughness and charm.

Point out the beginning, direct the progress, and help in thecompletion. I ask this through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

St. Thomas Aquinas

Morality of Rural Development

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