Moore Metaphors

download Moore Metaphors

of 18

Transcript of Moore Metaphors

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    1/18

    9/9/201

    Therapeutic Metaphors:

    What to say when there is nothing to say

    Bridging to an Integrated Future

    September 16 2013

    Tom Moore, LMSW, LLP, CCS

    Uniqueness of trauma

    Defining metaphor

    Purposes

    Strategies

    Techniques

    Examples

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    2/18

    9/9/201

    Client traumapresentation

    Counselorpresentation

    “Trauma is contagious...When a

    (support person) experiences, to a

    lesser degree, similar terror, rage and

    despair as the victim, the phenomenon

    of traumatic counter transference or

    vicarious traumatization occurs.”  

    Herman, Trauma and Recovery, 1992

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    3/18

    9/9/201

    (Figley) 

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    4/18

    9/9/201

    Exposure

    to Suffering

    Concern

    Detachment

    Other Life

    Demands

    Compassion

    Fatigue

    Empathic

    Response

    Sense of

    Satisfaction

    Residual

    Compassion

    Stress

    Prolonged Exposure

    to Suffering

    Traumatic

    Memories

    8

    10

    Empathic

    Ability

    1

    2

    5

    4

    9

    37

    6

    The Compassion

    Fatigue Process-Figley,

    2001

     

    Belief • Personalinvulnerability

    Perceptionof world

    • Meaningful,orderly

    View of self • Positive

    (Janoff-Bulman, 1992) 

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    5/18

    9/9/201

    Innerexperiencenegatively

    transformed

    Occurs throughempathic engagement

    with traumaticmaterial

    Witness totrauma

    Description ofevents, reports of

    cruelty, sadisticabuse

    Experience ofterror, grief and

    grieving

    (McCann & Pearlman, 1990)  

    Commonfactors

    Effects=

    cumulative

    Effects=

    permanent

    Change corebeliefs

    Effects=

    emotionallyintense and

    painful

    Effects=

    modifiable

    (Rosenbloom, Pratt, Pearlman) 

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    6/18

    9/9/201

    (VanWagoner, Gelso, Hayes, and Diemer, 1991) 

    Empathy key

    factor

    Experiencedpersonaltrauma

    Activation ofunresolvedtrauma

    Children’s

    traumaespeciallyprovocative

    Traumatic events are

    really and part ofsociety

    Become aware ofpersonal trauma

    Client-presentedtrauma evokestherapists own past

    Clients presentpowerful emotionalneeds and mistrust

    Therapist oftenperceived asperpetrator or assailant

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    7/18

    9/9/201

    Results inBoundary violat ions Failed therapeutic relationshi ps Increased shame

    Evocation of past trauma

    Assault on caregiver identity

    Transference issues

    Intensity of issues

    EXAMPLE

    You are meeting with a

    client . The client

    experiences a flashback

    and proceeds to disclose in

    detail a traumatic event

    from their life.

    Have youeverexperiencedthis with a

    client?

    How haveyourespondedin the

    moment ofthedisclosure?

    Followingthe event,how did yourespond?

    Collins Dictionary of the English Language

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    8/18

    9/9/201

    Guru: Metaphors of a Psychotherapist  ,

    Kopp, page 17

    David Gordon

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    9/18

    9/9/201

    Religious

    writings

    Fairytales

    Song,

    stage, film

    Intense impact

    Decreased levelof threat or

    confrontation

    Used in ownway andpurpose

    Impactsunconscious &attitudes

    Flexible

    Variescommunication

    forms

    Impliedmeaning about

    subject

    Builds rapport

    Models adifferent form ofcommunication

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    10/18

    9/9/201

    1

    CLIENT

    METAPHOR

    Statements CLIENT

    METAPHOR

    Statements

    Interaction=

    battle

    I’ll beat this guy

    at his own

    game

    Time is a

    valuable

    commodity

    That decision

    cost me a year

    of my life

    You approach

    life with a

    defeatist

    attitude

    I can’t give you

    any of my

    precious time.

    He defended

    well against the

    verbal assault

    I spent hours

    thinking about

    this.

    We’ve got to

    attack this

    thing head on.

    I’ve got to

    budget my time

    better.

    Everyone’s gotan Achilles

    heel.

    I’vesquandered

    and wasted my

    time.

    Gilligan, 1987

    What doesthe stateor attituderemind meof?

    How can Ielaborateandevoke?

    Whenhave Iexperienced this stateorattitude?

    When hassomeoneelse …..

    Whencouldsomeoneexperience… 

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    11/18

    9/9/201

    George Santayana

    They are

    able to

    because

    they think

    they are

    able.Virgil

    Believe that

    life is worth

    living, and

    your beliefs

    will help

    create the

    fact.William James 

    Christian Nestell Bovee

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    12/18

    9/9/201

    1

    How did others learn this?

    How did I learn this?

    What will happen if others do not learn this?

    What would evidence to others?

    What convincing evidence exists?

    How do I know the idea is valid?

    How can I elaborate….? 

    What does the idea remind me of?

    What illustrates this idea?

    Voicetone

    Pauses

    Quotes

    Repetition

    Mindfulplanning

    Thoughtful useof self stories

    Multiple

    storiesIntegrate

    within therapy

    Receiver finds

    the meaning

    GUIDELINES

    Combs and Freedman, 1990

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    13/18

    9/9/201

    1

    Studyrecipient andtherapeuticrelationship

    Be mindful ofnon verbal

    communication

    Selectivedecisions

    aboutsubject

    matter

    List a dozenemotional

    states

    Takefirst

    item

    Pictureor

    image

    Physicalposture

    or action

    Sound

    Add othercategories

    Gilligan, 1987

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    14/18

    9/9/201

    1

    Emphasizes a model of the world

    Individualized=exerts power over our behavior

    Make sense of our experience

    Albert Einstein

    Findpersonalmeaning

    Select stories suggesting

    specific ideas or resources

    Refrain from explaining the

    meaning or moral of a story

    Exceptions:

    1) Preparation for direct

    suggestion;

    2) Unhelpful

    misinterpretation

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    15/18

    9/9/201

    1

    Actual

    Situation

    Metaphor

    Significant persons Client Xc Story

    Characters

    Person 1 Xp1

    Person 2 Zp2

    Progression of

    problem

    Event 1 Incident e1 Story structure

    Event 2 Incident e2

    Event 3 Incident e3

    BECOMES

    EXAMPLE

    Adven-turous

    son

    Protectivemother

    Head ofhousehold

    father

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    16/18

    9/9/201

    1

    Actual

    Situation

    Metaphor

    Significant

    person

    Father Captain Story

    Characters

    Mother 1st  Mate

    Son Cabin Boy

    Family Boat crew

    Progression of

    problem

    Father rarely

    home

    Captain shut up in cabin Story structure

    Son gets in trouble Cabin boy sets wrong sails

    Mother covers for

    son

    1st  mate corrects him and

    attempts to reset sails before

    captain sees them

    Father finds out,

    becomes furious

    and leaves

    Captain discovers sails, furious

    he was not told, and retires to

    cabin

    No resolution,

    problem recycles

    No resolution, problem recycles

    until …… 

    Watzlawick, 1982

    Establish

    or identify

    • motives, needs, desires, or intention

    • past and current behaviors

    • Place positive labels, thus eliminating “resistance’ 

    Discriminate

    between

    • motive versus self-defeating behaviors

    • opens door for new/effective methods, satisfying actualneeds of client

    Restructureexperience

    • permitting new learning and desirable behaviors toemerge

    • replace problematic behaviors, feelings or thoughts

    Lankton and Lankton, 1983

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    17/18

    9/9/201

    1

    My friend “Joe” 

    Personal experience=engrossing

    and convincing

    Humanize events, not all success

    stories

    Preferable when teller was in a

    different phase of life

    One shortstory

    invitesanother

    Smallsteps

    One storyrarely

    decisiveelement

    Use morethan one

    angle

    Redun-dancy

    may beimportant

    TYPICAL PHRASES

    “As you were talking, I thought of …”  “This may not be exactly what you were

    meaning, but…”  

    POSITIVE RAPPORT

     Allows telling stories with widely different content from session

    REFRAIN FROM MARKING OUT

    Creates and artificial purpose and meaning

  • 8/16/2019 Moore Metaphors

    18/18

    9/9/201

    CLIENT

    METAPHOR

    Client

    Statements

    Counselor

    Statements

    CLIENT

    METAPHOR

    Client

    Statements

    Counselor

    Statements

    Interaction=

    battle

    I’ll beat this

    guy at his

    own game

    We’re

    interested

    here in

    mobilizing

    your

    internal

    resources.

    Time is a

    valuable

    commodity

    That

    decision

    cost me a

    year of my

    life

    Let’s look at

    the high

    cost of

    maintaining

    this

    problem

    You

    approach

    life with a

    defeatist

    attitude

    Let’s tackle

    this

    problem

    I can’t give

    you any of

    my precious

    time.

    You’ve

    invested so

    much time

    in this, you

    can’t

    abandon it

    now

    He

    defended

    well against

    the verbal

    assault

    Win in the

    game of life

    I spent

    hours

    thinking

    about this.

    If you spend

    a little time

    practicing

    this, it’ll 

    really pay

    off with

    some