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![Page 1: Mood Profiling of International Athletes in Argentina Dr. Patricia Wightman MD National Center of High Performance Athletics (CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032722/56649cea5503460f949b573f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mood Profiling of International Athletes in Argentina
Dr. Patricia Wightman MDNational Center of High Performance Athletics (CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina
![Page 2: Mood Profiling of International Athletes in Argentina Dr. Patricia Wightman MD National Center of High Performance Athletics (CeNARD) Buenos Aires Argentina.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032722/56649cea5503460f949b573f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Co-authors
Dr. Peter Terry
Nellie GiscafreCentro Nacional de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo (CeNARD)
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Method
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Sample
• Total = 1,100 athletes from CENARD
• Sex: male = 63.2%, female = 36.8%
• Ages: range = 11-60 yr, M = 19.6 ± 5.3 yr.
• Range of sports (N = 18) tennis = 224, basketball = 217, kayak = 148,
rowing = 146, hockey = 90, handball = 57, fencing = 41, shooting = 36, volleyball = 30, sailing = 27, others = 84
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Procedure
• Spanish version of POMS used, based on
Perez % Mari (1991)• 65 items, six subscales (tension, depression,
anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion)• Past week response set used• Data collected over a 15-year period (1994-
2009) • Data collected in consulting office, training
venue or competition venue
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Analyses
• Comparison of mood responses by age, gender and type of sport
• Tables of normative data specific to Argentine athletes
• Comparison of Argentine norms with previous norms
• Table for interpretation of mood profiles• Relationships between mood profiles and
performance
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Results
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Table 1. Relationships between mood responses and age among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Age
r p
Tension .001 N.S.
Depression -.02 N.S.
Anger .07 N.S.
Vigor .008 N.S.
Fatigue .03 N.S.
Confusion -.01 N.S.
N.S. = not significant
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Table 2. MANOVA of POMS scores by gender among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Male (n = 695) Female (n = 405)
M SD M SD F(1,1098)
Tension 11.7 5.5 10.4 5.5 15.5*
Depression 5.7 6.2 6.4 7.0 3.3
Anger 9.4 6.5 9.6 6.5 0.1
Vigor 19.0 4.6 18.9 5.2 0.4
Fatigue 6.1 4.4 5.9 4.8 0.9
Confusion 6.3 4.0 6.4 4.1 0.1
* p < .001, d = .24 Wilks’ = .97, p < .001, eta-squared = .03
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Table 3. MANOVA of POMS scores by type of sport among Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100)
Team (n = 555) Individual (n = 545)
M SD M SD F(1,1098)
Tension 11.9 5.7 10.6 5.3 15.3*
Depression 5.9 6.3 6.0 6.7 0.1
Anger 9.5 6.6 9.5 6.4 0.1
Vigor 18.9 4.9 19.0 4.8 0.3
Fatigue 6.6 4.8 5.4 4.2 20.0*
Confusion 6.3 4.2 6.4 3.8 0.2
* p < .001, d = .24 Wilks’ = .96, p < .001, eta-squared = .04
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Summary
• No relationship between mood responses and age
• Male athletes report higher tension than female athletes
• Team athletes report higher tension and fatigue than individual athletes
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Figure 1. Mean POMS profile for Argentine international athletes (N = 1,100) plotted against athlete norms (N = 2,086; Terry & Lane,
2000) and student norms (N = 856; McNair et al, 1992)
30
40
50
60
70
TEN DEP ANG VIG FAT CON
Athlete norms
Student norms
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Table 4. Comparison of POMS scores between Argentine international athletes and athlete norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
Argentina (N = 1,100) Athlete norms (N = 2,086)
M SD M SD d
Tension 11.2 5.5 7.0 6.3 .67*
Depression 6.0 6.5 5.2 7.7 .10*
Anger 9.5 6.5 6.3 7.2 .44*
Vigor 19.0 4.9 17.2 6.6 .27*
Fatigue 6.0 4.6 6.6 5.8 .10*
Confusion 6.4 4.0 5.4 4.5 .22*
* p < .001
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Summary
• Argentine athletes typically report iceberg profiles compared to student norms (McNair et al., 1992)
• Argentine athletes report higher tension, depression, anger, vigor and confusion, and lower fatigue than published athlete norms (Terry & Lane, 2000)
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Mood and Performance
The Double Iceberg
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Athlete Screening
Green, Amber
and Red
Light POMS
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Table 5. Interpretation of POMS scores among Argentine international athletes
ANG CON DEP FAT TEN VIG
0-7 0-5 0-3 0-4 0-10 20+
8-23 6-14 4-19 5-14 11-21 10-19
24+ 15+ 20+ 15+ 22+ 0-9
Green = 0-50%; Amber = 51-95%; Red = 96-100% (Vig: Green = 51-100%; Amber = 5-50%; Red =0-4%)
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Conclusions
• Argentine norms differ from existing norms• Mood responses among Argentine international
athletes vary by gender and type of sport but are unrelated to age
• Mood profiles can be dichotomised into green, amber and red categories for screening purposes
• Double iceberg profiles are associated with successful performance for many athletes
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Thank you for your attention
Gracias AASP