Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the...

Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride as soon as they could walk Kin-related clans Great confederations were organized temporarily for defensive and offensive operations.

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Chinggis Khan and conquests Kabul Khan (12 th century) dies, Chinggis Khan gains strength among the Mongols through alliances with more powerful groups Becomes supreme ruler (khagan) of all Mongols in Mongols males trained to ride, fight, hunt from youth Speed and mobility—world’s best military Messenger force and spies

Transcript of Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the...

Page 1: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

Mongol EmpireThe Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals.Boys and girls learned to ride as soon as they could walkKin-related clansGreat confederations were organized temporarily for defensive and offensive operations.

Page 2: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

Mongol EmpireMales held dominate leadership positions; women held considerable influence within the family.Leaders were elected by free malesGained positions through courage, diplomacy. Maintain positions as long as they were successful

Page 3: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

Chinggis Khan and conquests Kabul Khan (12th century) dies, Chinggis Khan gains strength among the Mongols through alliances with more powerful groupsBecomes supreme ruler (khagan) of all Mongols in 1206.Mongols males trained to ride, fight, hunt from youthSpeed and mobility—world’s best militaryMessenger force and spies

Page 4: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

Chinggis Khan and conquestsCode—punishments and rewardsGunpowder and cannonsUnder C.Khan the Mongols defeat Northwestern ChinaThen attack Qin—cities were sacked, inhabitants killed or made slaves, submission avoided this fate; tribute paid for deliverance.Move onto Turkey, brings Turkic horsemen into army.Dies in 1227—Persia to the North China Sea

Page 5: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

SocietyFearsome warriors and tolerant rulers.C. Khan open to new ideas and create a peaceful empireDrew talented individuals from all regionsTolerated all religionsUsed Muslim and Chinese knowledge to build administrative structureArtisans and scholars worked freelyCommerce flourished along secure trade routes

Page 6: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

RussiaBecame vassals of the “Golden Horde.” Russians princes paid tributePeasants had to meet demands of princes and Mongols. Many became serfs for protection. Huge part of Russian societyMoscow benefits from commerce and becomes a “metropolitan”

Page 7: Mongol Empire The Mongols were nomadic herders of goats and sheep who lived off, and traded, the products of their animals. Boys and girls learned to ride.

RussiaMoscow leads revolution against Mongols. 14th centuryMongols influenced their military, political organization and isolate them from developments in western Europe