Module 6 BUILDING MIXED-INCOME COMMUNITIES NEAR TRANSIT.

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6BUILDING MIXED-INCOME BUILDING MIXED-INCOME COMMUNITIES NEAR COMMUNITIES NEAR TRANSITTRANSIT

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6 Building Mixed-Income Communities Near TransitBuilding Mixed-Income Communities Near Transit

IntroductionThis is one of seven Transit Oriented Development training modules developed by the Regional Plan Association, the Project for Public Spaces and Reconnecting America under contract to the New York State Department of Transportation in collaboration with the New York State Thruway Authority and MTA/Metro-North Railroad. The modules were presented and tested in one-day training sessions in two counties and two-day training sessions in eight municipalities, all in the lower Hudson Valley. Each module is, largely, the culmination of the versions used in the training sessions. The seven modules are as follow.

Module 1: Building Quality communities Around TransitModule 2: Changing Street Design to Support Liveable DevelopmentModule 3: Smart ParkingModule 4: Creating Great Places Around TransitModule 5: Regulations and Financing Tools for TODModule 6: Building Mixed Income Communities Around TransitModule 7: Station Area Planning

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Key Concepts and Key Concepts and Definitions Definitions

Mixed-Income CommunitiesMixed-Income Communities Goal is to provide housing for existing

residents and workers. Low- to moderate-income households

bear greatest transportation cost burdens.

Location-efficient mixed-income housing reduces Housing and Transportation costs

Provide housing for a variety of incomes and stabilize community.

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Key Concepts and DefinitionsKey Concepts and DefinitionsHousing and Transportation Housing and Transportation

CostsCosts Transportation is the second-

highest household expense after housing.

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Key Concepts and DefinitionsLocation Efficiency

Location is a major factor in transportation costs for households and businesses.

The key drivers of Location Efficiency in a municipal context are:

• Compact neighborhoods • Walkable streets• Access to transit• Mix of use and services

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Benefits of Mixed-Income Benefits of Mixed-Income TODTOD

Offers Truly Affordable Housing Incorporates a mix of uses Broadens Access to Opportunity Relieves Gentrification Pressures Provides for a diversity of people -

singles, families, retirees

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Benefits of Mixed-Income Benefits of Mixed-Income NeighborhoodsNeighborhoods

Allows families the ability to continue living in the same community by providing a mix of housing types.

Ensures community stability and sustainability.

Helps stabilize workforce.

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Combined Benefits of Combined Benefits of Mixed-Income Communities Mixed-Income Communities

and TODand TOD Reduces total housing and

transportation costs. Demonstrates positive public

investment in community and transit.

Providing for a mix of all incomes is good but providing for a mix of incomes in walkable neighborhoods near transit is even better.

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ChallengesChallenges

The cost of land and housing production in location-efficient communities is high.

There is a lack of coordination among multiple stakeholders and sectors.

Market demand for housing near transit drives up costs.

Mixed-income and mixed-use projects require complex financing.

Public investment is often needed to provide a mix of incomes.

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4 Strategies to Create or 4 Strategies to Create or Preserve Mixed-Income Preserve Mixed-Income

CommunitiesCommunities1. Have proactive

Station Area Planning.

2. Provide incentives and ease or remove regulatory barriers.

3. Preserve existing housing stock.

4. Coordinate investments in location efficiency.

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Strategy 1: Strategy 1: Proactively Plan for Station Proactively Plan for Station

AreasAreas• Bring all stakeholders

together.

• Plan for the area, the municipality and the transit region.

• Identify needs and opportunities.

• Set the long-term vision and implementation plan.

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What Goes Into a GoodWhat Goes Into a GoodStation Area Plan?Station Area Plan?

• Community Engagement and Vision

• Comprehensive Land Use Plan

• Public Investments in Roads, Parks, etc.

• Implementation and Financing Plan

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Strategy 2: Provide Incentives Strategy 2: Provide Incentives and Ease or Remove and Ease or Remove Regulatory BarriersRegulatory Barriers

• Retool zoning and financial incentives to meet goals.

• Allow for increased density to support local-serving retail.

• Encourage a mix of housing and other uses (Inclusionary Zoning).

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Inclusionary Zoning as a Inclusionary Zoning as a ToolTool

• Use market momentum to generate new mixed-income development.

• Expand housing options near transit with a mix of housing types, densities and income levels.

• Affordable levels need to be calibrated to local market.

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Strategy 3: Strategy 3: Preserve of Existing Housing Preserve of Existing Housing

StockStock• More mixed-

income housing exists today than can be built tomorrow.

• Existing subsidy contracts have limited terms.

• Existing market affordability can be maintained.

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Tools for Preservation of Tools for Preservation of Existing Housing StockExisting Housing Stock

Land/property acquisition funds

Housing Trust Funds

Retooled federal and state policies regarding the housing stock located near transit

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Land Bank/Land Acquisition Fund

• Preserves opportunities for mixed-income housing as land values rise.

• Can leverage market interest for mixed-income housing.

• New models led by non-profit with city investment.

Scaleybark Station, Charlotte

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Housing Trust Funds Housing Trust Funds

• Can be used for new construction or preservation.

• Are more flexible than Federal housing programs.

• Can be easily targeted to efficient locations.

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Mixed-Income, Location Efficient Communities Are More Than

Housing

• Housing needs to be linked to jobs, shopping and community uses.

• Other public investments should support mixed-income communities. Bookmark Apartments, Portland,

OR

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Strategy 4: Coordinate Strategy 4: Coordinate Investments in Location Investments in Location

EfficiencyEfficiency• Focus public/private

investment in walkable neighborhoods near transit.

• Non-residential investments in development around transit create value that can be captured and reinvested in the community.

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Strategy 4: Essential Strategy 4: Essential Attributes of (Local) Attributes of (Local) Location EfficiencyLocation Efficiency

• Mixed uses

• Mixed incomes

• Proximate access to multiple transportation modes

• Density

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Other Tools Housing +Transportation Affordability

Index An interactive tool that measures

the true affordability of housing based on location.

Users can find out housing and transportation costs in their region.

Database has more than 330 metro regions.

More information is available at www.htaindex.cnt.org.

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Other ToolsOther ToolsMixed-Income TOD Action Mixed-Income TOD Action

GuideGuide A tool for local jurisdictions working

to foster mixed-income transit-oriented development (TOD) around planned transit stations.

Has invaluable data that describes the demographics and market-potential of the transit district of interest.

More information is at www.mitod.org.

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6QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?COMMENTS?COMMENTS?

Module 6 BUILDING MIXED-INCOME COMMUNITIES NEAR TRANSIT.

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Transcript of Module 6 BUILDING MIXED-INCOME COMMUNITIES NEAR TRANSIT.