Module 4: The Early Middle Ages - Florida State University ...
Transcript of Module 4: The Early Middle Ages - Florida State University ...
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Module 4: The Early Middle Ages Lesson 1: The Byzantine Empire
Characteristics • Lasted from 330 to 1453; 1400 years
• Considered themselves _________ (_________), not Byzantines
• Very impressive militarily, political flexibility, and had a role in the
critical ___________ of the ancient world and the modern world
Justinian (527-565) • _____________________ parts of North Africa, Italy & Spain
• Wanted to restore ____________ to its former Glory
• Absolute __________________ and Head of the _____________
• _______________ Code - ______________________________
• Rebuilt ______________________
• Built ________________________
Nika Revolt • Hippodrome
• ____________between fans
• Government responded ________________
• Riot turned into a ______________
Theodora • Justinian’s _________
• Advised Justinian not to _________
• Urged Justinian to change law to affect __________ (divorce, land etc)
The Empire Falls • The Plague- in 542 ________________ people died every day
(reoccurrences until 700)
• ______________ from East & West
• By _____________ it was extremely small
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The Church Divides • Christianity began to ___________ differently in the East and the West
of the Roman Empire.
• So in 1054 the West and East Church split.
• East-Eastern ___________________
• West-Roman ___________________
The Great Schism 1054 Roman Catholic
• No married ____________ allowed
• Icons accepted
• Roman _________ - supreme church authority
• __________ claims authority over all kings and emperors
• Holy _________ combines both Father & Son (Trinity)
• _____________ is not permitted
Eastern Orthodox • Married ________________ allowed
• Icons initially rejected, later accepted
• The ________________ and bishops head Church as a group
• ______________ claims authority over the patriarch and other bishops
• Maintained supremacy of the _______________ in the Trinity
• _____________________ is allowed under certain conditions
Windows in to Heaven • _________ - image or likeness (symbol)
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Lesson 2 Early Russia
Russia’s Birth • _________________ & _____________
• City of ____________ becomes Orthodox
• __________________converted to Christianity
Kiev’s Power & Decline
• Ties to ______________________ through trade and religion
• Yaroslav the ___________
• Greater glory (Vladimir’s son)
• Used __________________ to form alliances
• Built first __________________ in Kiev
• Kiev’s Decline
• Kingdom _______________ after Yaroslav’s death
• _______________________ disrupted trade
• (1240- 1480) _____________ occupation until Ivan III
European Middle Ages 500 – 1500
Lesson 3: Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms Germanic Kingdoms 400 AD – 700 AD
• Farmers & Herders
• No ____________________ or laws
• Carved up ____________________
• ___________________ - most successful Germanic group
• ___________________ - king of the Franks, converted to Christianity
Monks and Nuns
• Could withdraw from ___________________ life to monasteries and convents
• Christianize and educate ________________ areas
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Benedictine Rule
• 520- Benedict made rules for _____________ & _____________ that established the basic form of
monasticism in the Catholic Church
• Took oath of ________________________
• Main duties- ______________________ & worship
• Also manual ______________ - worked fields
• 590 – under Gregory I ,the papacy became a _______________ power
Charles Martel
• ____________________ swept from the Middle East
• Battle of _____________ (732) - Frankish warriors defeated Muslim army.
• _______________________ between two religions
The Age of Charlemagne
• In 800, his _______________________ stretched across France, Germany & Italy.
• Encouraged _____________________
Pope Leo III
• Called on ___________________________________ to help with rebellious Romans
• ______________________________________ was crowned emperor
• Eastern Roman emperor thought this was ____________________
• Widened the _____________ between Eastern & Western Rome
Charlemagne’s Heirs • Charlemagne died in 814 & empire fell apart • 843- Treaty of ___________________ - split the empire into 3 parts.
Lesson 4: Feudalism and the Manor Economy
Vikings
• Expert sailors & fighters from ________________________________ • ____________________ and burned cities - wanted resources • They were also traders and __________________________ • 1000 A.D.- ___________________________ set up a Viking colony on N. America
New Attacks • Late 800’s - Muslims captured ___________________ • 896- Magyars invaded Europe & eventually settled modern day ________________
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A New System of Rule
The Manor
• Manor - lord’s ____________________ • Peasants & serfs were bound to the _____________ • Worked for lord in return for ________________________ • The Manor was __________________________________
Daily Life
• Peasants - life was ___________
• Worked ______________ hours
• Ate __________________ foods
• ___________________ common in winter
• Celebrated marriages, births etc.
• Attended __________________
• Believed in ___________________, love potions, magic charms, witches
The Age of Chivalry
• Chivalry - a code of ____________________ • Brave, loyal, true to and, generous to enemies • ___________________ protected and cherished
The World of Warriors • _______________ - warrior on horseback • At age _________ sent to lord’s castle for training • Dubbed “knight” at age __________ • Tournaments & contests: Why? _____________________________________
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Castles
• Lords __________________ homes to withstand attack
• High wall, towers, drawbridges, & ______________
• Stored food and water to withstand long ______________
Noblewomen • _____________ became the lord of the manor while husband off fighting • Duties: spin & weave cloth & supervise __________________ • Expected to have many children and be loyal to her ________________________