Module 2

The Human Development Report

North AmericaNorth America

South AmericaSouth America

AfricaAfrica

EuropeEurope AsiaAsia

OceaniaOceania

AntarcticaAntarctica

ArcticArctic

PacificPacificAtlanticAtlantic

Indian OceanIndian Ocean

North America

South America

Canadathe United StatesMexico

Argentina, Panama, CubaColombia, Haiti, Chile, Brazil

Asia

ChinaRussiaJapanIndiaNorth KoreaSouth Korea

Africa

EgyptCongoSouth Africa

Oceania

AustraliaNew Zealand

INTRODUCTION

developed country developing country disease education hunger income poverty

Match the words with the definitions.

the knowledge that you get at school or college _____

when people have very little money _____

an illness _____

education

poverty

disease

返回

INTRODUCTION

developed country developing country disease education hunger income poverty

Match the words with the definitions.

when you don’t have food ______

the money that you make ______

a country that has a lot of industry ______

a country that is poor and does not have much

industry _____________

hunger

income

developed country

developing country

返回

Poverty

What are the problems that the developing countries face? How to solve them?

Less education

Bad environmentDiseases

Discussion

Hunger

1)Develop education (make sure everyone can receive education)

2)Reduce tax items;

3) Improve the environment;

4)Encourage developed countries to give more

help to the developing countries;

5) The government should encourage people to

improve the present condition to reduce poverty

and hunger

A Short Discussion

What are the two biggest problems for

developing countries? Why do you

think so?hunger, poverty, education, disease…hunger, poverty, education, disease…

disease vs. illness

illness c/u n. 身体或精神上的疾病disease c/u n. 疾病 ( 比较严重，通常持续时间久，常影响特定的身体部位 )

infection cn. 传染病virus cn. 病毒

Generally speaking, in what kind of countries ca

n we see these phenomena?

Developed countries

Generally, in what kind of countries can we see thes

e phenomena?

Developing countries

Which countries are developed /developing

countries?

India, China, Russia,……

The US, England, Holland, Germany……

Developing countries:

Developed countries:

Why do you think these countries are

developed/developing countries?

low income, poor, illnesses very often, hungry…

higher average income, education easy to

receive, …

Developing countries:

Developed countries:

Developed countries are most of the western countries. Mainly included:America, Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Canada and Japan.亚非拉国家 亚非拉国家 亚非拉国家 亚非拉国家

Developing countries are most of countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Income: ( larger / smaller)

What are the differences between developing and developed countries?

Industry and commerce: (flourishing繁荣的 /laggard 落后的 ) Education: (good / little)Life expectancy: (live long/short)Environment: good/bad(terrible)

Discussion

• 世界各国根据其经济发展水平和贫富状况 , 通常分为发达国家和发展中国家 .

• 发达国家 (Developed country / Industrialized country) 一般指的是 : 美国、法国、英国、日本、德国、加拿大、意大利、瑞典、芬兰、丹麦、挪威、荷兰、比利时、瑞士、奥地利、土耳其、澳大利亚、新西兰、希腊、冰岛、爱尔兰、卢森堡、葡萄牙、西班牙。其中，美国、日本、德国、法国、英国、意大利、加拿大是 7 个最大的发达国家。

• 发展中国家（ Developing country / less developed country) 指政治上已独立，经济上比较贫穷，工业基础比较薄弱，人均国民生产总值较低的国家，绝大多数是第二次世界大战以后新独立的亚非拉国家，也包括一些国家。

• 中国属于发展中的社会主义国家。

1.How did the Human Development Report come?

2.How does the Index measure a country’s achievement?

3.What are the most important goals?4.What development has China

achieved?5.What are the problems with

developing countries?6.What should developed countries

do?

Read and answer

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words and phrases. One of the most important _______ of the Human Development Report is the Human _____. The Index ________ a country’s achievements in three ways: life expectancy, education and ______. The list has some ________. Norway is __________ the list, _____ the US is at number 7. The ______ ten countries are all African countries.

sections

Index measures

incomesurprises

at the top of whilebottom

China is ______________ the list. It is one of the examples of successful ___________. China increased life expectancy ___ 13 years. In the last ten years in China, 150 million people ____________ poverty. However, a great many people in _________ countries are hungry.

in the middle of

developmentby

moved out of developing

Over ____ of these are in South Asia or Africa. In developing countries about 115 million children are not being ________, and more than 1 billion people do not drink safe water, so the report suggests that we need to __________________ in the future.

half

educated

make greater efforts

1. 147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2015

agree to do sth

agree with

agree to

agree on D. 与…一致 ; 气候、事物、口味适合某人

A. 就…达成一致意见B. 同意…的意见 / 观点C. 同意…计划 / 安排

你做的与你说的不一致。What you did didn't agree with what you said.

这里的气候不适合我。The climate here doesn’t agree with me.

—I think it's a bad idea.—___________________. 我再同意不过了。

I couldn't agree more

1. We ______ ___ making an early start.

2. The climate here doesn’t _____ ____him.

3. I don’t ____ ____ ____ to make friends

with such a man.

4. The manager has ______ ___ improve

the working condition in the company.

agreed on

agree with

agree with you

agreed to

用 agree 有关词组完成句子

2. From this agreement came the Human

Development Report.倒装句 :

完全倒装 : 将全部谓语置于主语之前Here comes the bus.

部分倒装将部分谓语 ( 情态动词、助动词等 ) 放在主语前面，谓语动词仍位于动词之后。Never have I been here before.

1) 表示地点的介词短语放于句首，且 主语为名词时 , 完全倒装。

At the foot of the hill lies a temple.Under the table came a frightening sound.

2) 当句首为 in, out, up, down, off, away 等副词 , 且主语为名词时 , 全部倒装。

In came the teacher and the class began.

3) here, there, now, then 开头的句子 ,

当主语是普通名词时，完全倒装；当主语是代词时无需倒装。Here comes the postman!

Here comes the bus.

Here we are.

Here he comes.

Only when you have finished your

homework _____ go home.

A. can you    B. would you   

C. you will    D. you can

4) 以 only 修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时需要部分倒装。①Only in my house do they feel at home.

②Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

③Only in this way can you work out the problem.

Seldom ____ any mistakes during my

past few years of working here.

A. would I make       B. did I make

C. I did make       D. shall I make 

Never shall I forget it.Seldom does he go out.Seldom has he met us lately.Little do they know about it.

5) 以 never, seldom, hardly, neither, nor, little, rarely, scarcely…when, no more, no sooner…than 等否定词开头的句子 , 部分倒装。

Not only ____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it .A.the teacher himself is ；all his students are B.the teacher himself is ；are all his studentsC.is the teacher himself ；are all his students D.is the teacher himself ；all his students are

① Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.

② Not only is he a scientist, but he is also a boxer.

6) Not only … but also … 句型中 not only 句倒装； but also 句无需倒装

Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.A. didn’t realize     B. did I realize  C. I didn’t realize  D. I realized

I didn’t realize how much time I had wasted until I began to work.

Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

7) so/such…that… 从句中， so/such 部 分位于句首时，主句进行部分倒装

He speaks so loudly that everyone hears him clearly.

So loudly does he speak that everyone hears him clearly.

3. measure cn. 措施 v. 测量，衡量We need stronger measures to improve people’s living standard.

measure sb for sth 给某人量体裁衣measure sth by sth 用…衡量…1.She is being measured for her

wedding dresses.

2.Education shouldn’t be measured purely by the examination results.

4. expectancy 预期，期望，期望的事物expect vt. 期望，盼望

expect to doexpect sb/sth to doexpect that…

① The soldiers expect that the attack will come soon.

② The rent was much more than we had expected to pay.

③ It is not fair to expect me to do all the housework.

④ I saw the look of expectancy in the children's eyes.

A. is expected B. expectsC. expected D. is expecting

According to the art dealer, the painting ______ to go for at least a million dollars.

be expected to do 预计，有望

The chairman told the speaker that she _____ to speak a little louder so as to make herself ______.A. was expected; heardB. had expected; hearC. had hoped; hearD. was hoped; heard

5. position n.位置，方位 ;处境，状况 ;地位，身份，职位①The machine can figure out the positi

on of the sun in the sky.②The financial position of our company

is becoming worse and worse.③The position of women in the society t

oday is much higher.

6. make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11.

make sure of/about that…

be sure to do It’s certain that….

up to 1). ( 数量或水平 ) 可达，达到…①Children are forced to work up to 19

hours a day in the factories.②Dinosaurs were up to 27 meters long.

2). 直到 I’ve been waiting for you here up to

now.

3). 从事于，忙于 What is he up to?4). 由… .决定 It’s up to you.

7. fight v. fought 作战 , 打仗 , 打架 , 斗争

fight + n. / pron.He fought cancer and lived to be 80.fight against They are fighting against the enemy.fight with 和…作战，与…并肩作战In such terrible situation, who would like to fight with us.fight for 为 ( 事业、自由、权力 ) 而斗争They are fighting for freedom.

8. example cn. 例子，榜样example of … … 方面的例子He gave several examples of the ways to solve this problem.

set an example 树立一个榜样She arrived at the office early to set an example to the others.

be an example to sb 是某人学习的榜样He is an example to all of us.

9. The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.

effort c/u n. 努力；艰难的尝试make an effort to do 尽力make every effort 尽一切努力make great efforts 做出很大的努力spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做without effort 毫不费力地

1. At last we reached a lonely village, ____ a beautiful river.

A. in front of it lay B. in front of which layC. in front of it laid D. in front of lied 2. With everything she needed ____,

she hurried home.A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy

3. Attention must be paid to ______ science and technology.A. develop B. developing C. development D. developed

4. Luckily, the bullet narrowly misssed

the captain ____ an inch. A. by B. for C. of D. with

5. He slipped and had a leg broken. _____, he will have to be away from school for two or three months.

A. In any case B. After allC. In this way D. As a result6. Lily has made ______ this term that

all her teachers are pleased.A. such a great progressB. such great progressC. a such great progressD. so great progress

7. Quite a few people used to believe

that disaster ____ if a mirror was broken.

A. was sure of strikingB. was sure of having struckC. was sure to be struckD. was sure to strike

8. Great efforts have been ____to improve people’s living conditions in China in the past two years.

A. got B. won C. made D. did

9. I quite understand your opinion, but that doesn’t mean I____ it.

A. agree B. agree to C. agree with D. agree on