Module 2: Planning and Optimizing a TCP/IP Physical and Logical Network.
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Transcript of Module 2: Planning and Optimizing a TCP/IP Physical and Logical Network.
Lesson: Planning a Functional TCP/IP Solution
Reviewing IP Addressing
IP Addressing for Private and Public Networks
IP Address Subnet Requirements
IP Configuration Methodology
Guidelines for Planning a Functional TCP/IP Solution
Multimedia: Planning a TCP/IP Solution
Reviewing IP Addressing
Classful Address
Network Host
Class B address
Class B default mask
172 100 10 1
255 255 0 0
Classless Address
Network Host
Subnet mask
172 100 10 1/20
Subnet
255 240 0255
Addressing structuresAddressing structures Subnet masksSubnet masks
IP Addressing for Private and Public Networks
Addressing scheme
Use if the organization has
Advantages Disadvantages
Public
Direct Internet access requirementSufficient public addresses
Addresses are ownedDirect Internet access
Costly to leaseGrowth is restrictedCan be insecure
Private
No requirement for direct Internet accessInsufficient public addresses availableNAT
InexpensiveUnrestricted growthPotentially more secure
Requires a network translation device Requires some public addresses
IP Address Subnet Requirements
Limitations to an IP Network PlanLimitations to an IP Network Plan
The number of logical subnets
The number of physical subnets
The host populations on both the logical and the physical subnets
The number of logical subnets
The number of physical subnets
The host populations on both the logical and the physical subnets
IP Configuration Methodology
Configuration type When to use
ManualDHCP server not availableSmall number of hostsWant control over addressing
DHCP reservationDHCP server availableHost needs to keep the same addressWant to configure options on DHCP server
DHCP dynamicDHCP server availablePermissible to change host addressingWant to configure options on DHCP server
APIPA
DHCP server not availableClient APIPA capableIP address control is not neededNo need to centrally configure options
Guidelines for Planning a Functional TCP/IP Solution
IP address and subnet mask configurationIP address and subnet mask configuration
Addressing structures for private network operationAddressing structures for private network operation
Addressing structures to allow subnet routingAddressing structures to allow subnet routing
Methodology for consistent design of IP networksMethodology for consistent design of IP networks
Multimedia: Planning a TCP/IP Solution
The objective of this presentation is to explain how to plan a TCP/IP solution in a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network
You will learn how to:
Create a TCP/IP plan customized to the needs of your organization
Select an address hierarchy suitable for a routed network
Size subnets for performance or client population
Practice: Planning a TCP/IP Solution
In this practice, you will plan:
The number of subnets required
The IP addressing and subnet mask
An IP address configuration methodology
Lesson: Evaluating Network Performance
Factors Affecting Network Performance
Determining Network Performance
Understanding Utilization Trends
Tools for Evaluating Network Performance
Network Upgrade Considerations
Recommended Ethernet Utilization Guidelines
Calculating Actual Data Throughput
Planning for Future Growth
Guidelines for Evaluating Network Performance
Factors Affecting Network Performance
Factors affecting network performanceFactors affecting network performance
Bandwidth
Latency
Throughput
Capacity
Wire speed
Utilization
Bandwidth
Latency
Throughput
Capacity
Wire speed
Utilization
Jitter
Jabber
Bottleneck
Collisions
Efficiency
Frame rate
Jitter
Jabber
Bottleneck
Collisions
Efficiency
Frame rate
Determining Network Performance
Number of Nodes
Thro
ughp
ut (
% W
iresp
eed)
100%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
90%
1518 byte frames
64 byte frames
1 10 100 600
Utilization
Late
ncy
in S
econ
ds(L
ogar
ithm
ic S
cale
)
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
1
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Quiet
Busy
Overloaded
600
Thro
ughp
ut (
% w
iresp
eed)
70%
50%
40%
Number of Nodes
100%
80%
60%
30%
90%
1,518-byte frames
64-byte frames
1 10 100
Utilization
Late
ncy
in s
econ
ds(L
ogar
ithm
ic s
cale
)100%
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
1
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Quiet
Busy
Overloaded
Graph A: Ethernet Throughput Graph B: Ethernet Utilization
Understanding Utilization Trends
Utilization trendsUtilization trends
More devices
Faster, less expensive computers
More applications
The Internet
More devices
Faster, less expensive computers
More applications
The Internet
Tools for Evaluating Network Performance
Network performance evaluation toolsNetwork performance evaluation tools
Traffic-monitoring tools and protocol analyzers
Hardware-assisted protocol analyzers
Network-management software
Handheld diagnostic tools
Traffic-monitoring tools and protocol analyzers
Hardware-assisted protocol analyzers
Network-management software
Handheld diagnostic tools
Network Upgrade Considerations
What to consider:What to consider:
Utilization
Current traffic sources
Future growth
Targets to be determined
Repercussions of change
Utilization
Current traffic sources
Future growth
Targets to be determined
Repercussions of change
Recommended Ethernet Utilization Guidelines
Connection type Wire speedAverage
utilizationlimit
Raw datathroughput
limit
Peakutilization
limit
Peak datathroughput
limit
Shared Ethernet 10 Mbps 30 percent 3.0 Mbps 80 percent 8 Mbps
Shared Ethernet usedfor multimedia traffic
10 Mbps 20 percent 2.0 Mbps 50 percent 5 Mbps
Switched Ethernet 10 Mbps 85 percent 8.5 Mbps 90 percent 9 Mbps
Switched FDX Ethernet 10 Mbps 190 percent 19 Mbps 190 percent 19 Mbps
Shared Fast Ethernet 100 Mbps 30 percent 30 Mbps 80 percent 80 Mbps
Shared Fast Ethernetfor multimedia traffic
100 Mbps 20 percent 20 Mbps 50 percent 50 Mbps
Switched Fast Ethernet 100 Mbps 85 percent 85 Mbps 90 percent 90 Mbps
Switched FDX Fast Ethernet
100 Mbps 190 percent 190 Mbps 190 percent 190 Mbps
Shared FDX Gigabit Ethernet
1,000 Mbps 60 percent 600 Mbps 120 percent 1,600 Mbps
Switched FDX GigabitEthernet
1,000 Mbps 190 percent 1900 Mbps 190 percent 1,900 Mbps
Calculating Actual Data Throughput
ADT shows you how much usable data is actually being carried on the network
Adding nodes and header information affects throughput
You should measure throughput after data transmission
Actual data throughput formulaActual data throughput formula
ADT = net utilization * efficiency rating * wire speedNet utilization = (utilization - collisions)Efficiency rating based on frame size
ADT = net utilization * efficiency rating * wire speedNet utilization = (utilization - collisions)Efficiency rating based on frame size
Planning for Future Growth
How to plan for future growthHow to plan for future growth
Anticipate significant future growth
Use scalable products and technologies
Be proactive, not reactive
Test new applications
Stay knowledgeable about current technologies
Anticipate significant future growth
Use scalable products and technologies
Be proactive, not reactive
Test new applications
Stay knowledgeable about current technologies
Guidelines for Evaluating Network Performance
Determine future growth needsDetermine future growth needs
Compare these capabilities to those of the existing networkCompare these capabilities to those of the existing network
Determine if current technologies will solve enterprise network issuesDetermine if current technologies will solve enterprise network issues
Review current Ethernet technologies’ capabilitiesReview current Ethernet technologies’ capabilities
Practice: Evaluating Network Performance
In this practice, you will
Determine if current utilization is appropriate
Identify ways of improving network performance