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Module 2: Func1onal Anatomy

Textbook Anatomy vs Func1onal Anatomy

Role of the gluteals Textbook (open-chain)

Hip Extension Hip Abduc1on Hip external rota1on

Real world Also resists/controls hip flexion, adduc1on and internal rota1on!

PaPerns of Quality Movement: The Joint-by-Joint Approach (Boyle)

Joint Needs Foot Stability

Ankle Mobility

Knee Stability

Hip Mobility/Stability

Lumbar Spine Stability

Thoracic Spine Mobility

Scapula Mobility/Stability

Gleno-Humeral Mobility

An Alterna)ng Series of Stable Segments Moving on Mobile Joints - Charlie Weingroff

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The Spine

Lumbar vs. Thoracic Movement

Rota1on at the Spine Spinal Level Degrees of Rotation

T1-2 9 T2-3 8 T3-4 8 T4-5 8 T5-6 8 T6-7 8 T7-8 8 T8-9 7

T9-10 4 T10-11 2 T11-12 2 T12-L1 2

L1-2 2 L2-3 2 L3-4 2 L4-5 2

L5-S1 0-5

Rota1on at the Spine

Analysis of the stress-strain curves for the intevertebral discs under torsion reveals an

inflec1on point just before 3 degrees of rota1on, which indicates the onset of microscopic failure in

the anulus fibrosus.

Bogduk, Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine.

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Does this mean we never move our lumbar spine???

NO!

Joint-by-Joint Training

Joint Needs Hip Mobility

Lumbar Spine Stability

Thoracic Spine Mobility

The Pelvis

The Driver Gets no respect!

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The Box

Core is defined as: Diaphragm on top Pelvic floor on boPom Abs in front Erectors/mul1fidi in back Muscle weight belt

What else plays a role? Glutes? Lats?

The Diaphragm

Primary Func1ons Increases IAP Spinal stability

Implica1ons Balloon example Alignment

The Diaphragm

Diaphragm

Pelvic Floor

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The Diaphragm Taken from Postural Restora1on Ins1tute

Transverse Abdominus

Primary Func1ons Abdominal hollowing Forced expira1on

Implica1ons TIMING!!!! Unless you have a

specific issue, dont worry about training the TVA

Transverse Abdominus

In fact, our clinical experience suggests that efforts to isolate the TVA is problema1c

there is more important abdominal training that really maPers for the

athlete. - McGill

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Transverse Abdominus???

Bracing With a Belt

Spinal Erectors

Primary Func1ons Trunk Extension

Implica1ons The Unknown Role

Superficial Deep

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Toe Touch Stretches?

Mul1fidi

Primary Func1ons Segmental stabiliza1on Spinal propriocep1on

Implica1ons Fine motor control Atrophy at injured areas

(Hides 1994)

Quadratus Lumborum

Primary Func1ons Side-bending Resis%ng side-bending

Implica1ons Frontal plane movement

and stability

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Rectus Abdominus

Primary Func1ons Trunk flexion Depresses rib cage Posterior pelvic 1lt

Implica1ons Dominant anterior

stabilizer

How many of you only perform crunches?

To CrunchOr NOT to Crunch???

Ask yourself WHY? Top Down vs. BoPom

Up Stability

External Obliques are typically weak

Depresses rib cage Shoulder and upper extremity issues

Crunches and Neck Pain???

Superficial Front Line Anatomy Trains

Fascia connects everything

Shorten RA Shortening of SFL Head Forward Posture

Reproduced with Permission Tom Myers/Elsevier

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Rectus Dominance

How do you get your stability?

External Obliques

Primary Func1ons Trunk flexion (bilateral) Trunk rota1on (unilateral w/

opposite IO)

Posterior Pelvic Tilt without a pull on the rib cage (posterior fibers)

Implica1ons Gets us back to pelvic neutral!

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External Obliques

The origin of this muscle from the rib cage and its inser1on into the pelvis are

consistent with the most effec1ve ac1on of this muscle, that is, the posterior 1lt of

the pelvis. - Sahrmann

Psoas Primary Func1ons

Hip flexion (esp. above 90!) Hip lateral rota1on Lumbar extension Lateral rota1on of lumbar spine Lumbar spine stability via axial

compression and eccentric control

Implica1ons Tight hip flexorsWeak glutes Anterior 1lt + Lumbar extension =

LBP

Glute Max

Primary Func1ons Hip extension Hip abduc1on Hip external rota1on Closed chain!!!!!

Implica1ons Lengthened/weak due to APT Weakness/inhibi1on leads to

an assortment of lower extremity issues (hamstring pulls, groin pulls, LBP, etc.)

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Trunk Extension

Hip Extension

Func1onal Anatomy Bringing it all together.

Work together to promote movement

The concept of force coupling Muscles on opposing sides of the body

working together to produce movements

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SagiPal Plane Force Coupling

Anterior Force Couple Posterior Force Couple

Psoas Rectus Abdominus

Rectus Femoris External Obliques

TFL Gluteals

Spinal Erectors Hamstrings

The BaPle for Pelvic Alignment

External Obliques/Lower Abs

Hip Flexors

Spinal Erectors

Glutes & Hamstrings

Pelvic Alignment Anterior Tilt

External Obliques/Lower Abs

Hip Flexors

Spinal Erectors

Glutes & Hamstrings

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Pelvic Alignment Posterior Tilt

External Obliques/Lower Abs

Hip Flexors

Spinal Erectors

Glutes & Hamstrings

Anterior Pelvic Tilt

Increased shear forces on low back; increased likelihood of trunk extension vs. hip extension

Increased likelihood of hamstring/groin strains due to weak glutes/poor hip extension

S1ff/short rectus femoris and hip flexors

Posterior Pelvic Tilt

FlaPening of lumbar curve leads to increased risk of disc hernia1ons