Module 2 Conjuction
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Transcript of Module 2 Conjuction
Elizabeth [email protected]
Skype: elizabeth.valentin
Structure 2 Fall 2012
Pertemuan II : 16 September 2012Conjunction
Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan
Conjunction
3. Correlative conjunctions
2. Subordinate conjunctions
1. Coordinate conjunctions
Conjuntions:Kata Penghubung
Unit 1 Coordinate Conjunction
Coordinate Conjunction
• For• And• But• Or• Yet• So
Coordinate Conjunction
1• Structural Unit Joined By
Coordinate Conjunctions
2• Functional Unit Joined by
Coordinate Conjunctions
Structural unit
Coordinate conjunctions joining
words
Coordinate conjunctions joining
phrases
Coordinate conjunctions joining
clauses
Joining words
Noun• Anton and
Toni • Table and
chair• Books and
Pencils• Paper, cloth,
or wood• Children, men
and woman
Verb• Slipped and
fell• Jumped and
ran• Type and Print• Listen,write or
read• Sing,dance,
and play
Adjectives• Tall and slim• Stupid but
beautiful• Small or tall• Happy, cheer,
or melancholy• Cheap,econo
mical, or expensive
Adverb• Slowly and
carefully• Quickly but
quietly• Late or early• Clearly, loudly
or intelligently• Always,often
or never
menghubungkan kata (unit) yang sederajat Noun & Noun (kata benda), verb & verb (kata kerja), adjective & adjective (kata sifat), adverb & adverb (kata keterangan).
• The choir sang the traditional songs and the national anthem beautifully.
• Are they studying English, typing his project, or playing games on a computer?
• They did not go on a picnic by their own cars but by public transportation
Joining phrases
Phrases : group of words without subject, predicate, or complement.Conjunction we can use: AND, OR, BUT
• He married a woman who was very intelligent and charming, but who could not cook at all.
• He is not very happy although he has a beautiful house, and although he has a lot of money.
• I will go with you after I have finished my work, or after I have my lunch.
Joining Clauses
Joining dependent clausesConjunction we can use: AND, OR, BUT
• Cinderella thought the prince had forgotten her, but he had not.
• The t-shirt is too small for you, yet it fits nicely to me.• Tina did not see anything, for she sat down at theback
row of the large room• We couldn't find the key, so we couldn't open the door
Joining Clauses
Joining independent clausesConjunction we can use: AND, OR, BUT, YET, SO, FOR
Functional Unit
Compound Subjects
Compound Predicate
Compound Object
Compound modifier
• Amir and Sani are from west Java• His house and my house are near.• How he looks or where he come from does not important
to me.• Who he is or what he is does not matter too much for me
Compound Subjects
• They cook, eat and sleep in the same room.• They read and write in English.• He took a bath, dressed up and went to school.
Compound Predicate
• He bought a pen and a pencil• He looked everywhere for his key and wallet.• He said he was tired and he was going to bed.• Indah went to Korea with her friend and her boyfriend.
Compound Object
• He was tired but happy• The pianist played brilliantly bus dispassionately• The professor explained the subjects clearly and
seriously
Compound Modifier
Compound subject yang digabungkan dengan “and” memerlukan kata kerja jamak.
• Amir and maruli are from north Sumatra.• Dog and cats often do not get along.
Tetapi apabila compound subject merupakan satu unit atau singular maka predikatnya bentuk tunggal/singular.
• Bread and butter is fattening,• The tea and coffee is used up• Macaroni and cheese is easy to make
Singular or Plural?
Compound subject yang digabungkan dengan “or” maka kata kerja yg digunakan adalah bentuk tunggal apabila unit yg digabung bentuk tunggal.
• Suci or Amin fails the test• Mr.Dahlan or his wife is mistaken
Tetapi apabila unit yg digabung dengan “or” mempunyai jumlah yg berbeda maka kata kerjanya disesuaikan dg unit yg terdekat.
• The players or the referee is mistaken• The referee or the players are mistaken
Singular or Plural?
Unit 2 Subordinate Conjunction
Pattern:- Independent clause + conjunction + dependent clause
(Main clause + conjunction + subordinate clause)
- Conjunction + Dependent clause + , (comma) + Independent clause
(Conjunction + subordinate clause + , + main clause)
Subordinate Conjunction
Subordinate Conjunctions
1• Single-word subordinate Conjunctions
2• Two-word Conjunctions
3
• Conjunctions begin with prepositional phrases
4• Split conjunctions
Single-word
• After, as, before, once, since, till, until, when (ever), whileTime
• Where(ever)Place
• As, because, sinceCause
• Although, though, whereas, while Contrast
• unless, whenConditions
• purposePurpose
Two-words
• Inasmuch as, now (that)Cause
• Provided/providing (that),if only, in case, only ifCondition
• As if, as thoughManner
• Assuming thatContrast
• So thatPurpose
• So thatResult
Conjunctions begin with prepositional phrases
• Prepositional phrase +as : as far as, as long as• Prepositional phrase +that: for the purpose that, in order
that, …..• Prepositional phrase +the fact that: because of the fact
that..
Split Conjunctions
• So…that.., such…that.., such(a)….that..Result
• As/so……as..Positive degree
• -er, more…..than.., lessComparative degree
Unit 3Correlative Conjunctions
Menghubungkan kata, frasa yang sederajat• Both……..and…• Not only…..but also…
Menghubungkan kata, frasa yang sederajat, serta
Menghubungkan klausa
• Either……..or…• Neither……nor…
Correlative Conjunctions
• Both my father and my mother were in Korea last week.• Both Ani and her friend are a liar.
• Not only my father but also my mother was in Korea last week.
• Not only my brother but also my sisters were in Korea last week
• Neither my sister nor my parents are here.• Neither my parents nor my sister is here.
• She likes either coffee or tea
Single or Plural?
Plural!
Plural!
Single!
• This kind of wok takes both time and energy• I studied not only math but also chemistry• She likes either coffee or tea• It not only rained but also snowed yesterday• This book is neither interesting nor accurate
Parallel structure
Parallel structure
both noun and nounnot only noun but also noun
either noun or nounnot only verb (past) but also verb (past)
neither adjective nor adjective
Menggabungkan 2 independent clause
• Neither he knows nor does he care what happened• Neither he paid attention nor did he understand the
lesson
• Either we have to do what they say, or we will leave him• Either we will wait for him in the bus stop, or we will
leave him
Either..or.. // Neither..nor..
Inversi / Pembalikan
Due date: Sept 23rd 2012
Make at least one sentence using- At least 5 subordinate clauses from every type (single-
word, two-word, split conjunction, and conjunction begins with prepositional phrases)
Note: try to make the sentence using different conjunction! - Every coordinate and correlative clauses
Homework
QUIZ
Sept 23rd 2012
Material: Module 1 and module 2
Announcement