MODIS: MODIS: Moderate-resolution Imaging SpectroradiometerModerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MODIS: MODIS: Moderate-resolution Imaging SpectroradiometerModerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery for Natural Resource Applicationsfor Natural Resource Applications

National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery for Natural Resource Applicationsfor Natural Resource Applications

Mark Finco

Remote Sensing Applications Center

Salt Lake City, UT

http://fsweb.rsac.fs.fed.us

(801) 975-3750

Briefing OverviewBriefing OverviewBriefing OverviewBriefing Overview

Objectives & Deliverables Brief Technical

Description of MODIS Selected Applications

Fire Information Support Rangeland Monitoring Land Cover Change

Estimated % Canopy Cover

ObjectivesObjectivesObjectivesObjectives

Utilize new remote sensing Utilize new remote sensing system to provide quick system to provide quick response imagery and response imagery and geospatial resource information geospatial resource information to support :to support : National-scale reporting and National-scale reporting and

mapping (e.g., burn areas/severity)mapping (e.g., burn areas/severity) Effectiveness monitoring of Effectiveness monitoring of

watershed restoration and watershed restoration and rehabilitation workrehabilitation work

National scale strategic planning – National scale strategic planning – restoration prioritization and asset restoration prioritization and asset allocationallocation

Regional and forest scale analysis Regional and forest scale analysis where vegetation and landcover where vegetation and landcover change information is requiredchange information is required

Actions and DeliverablesActions and DeliverablesActions and DeliverablesActions and Deliverables

Establish MODIS satellite downlink and data processing capability at RSAC – GSTC

Provide MODIS imagery and GIS data to field offices via Geospatial Data Clearinghouse

Continue development of MODIS image processing algorithms in cooperation with NASA, universities and Forest Service geospatial data users

Provide training and technical support

MODIS MODIS (MOD(MODerateerate--resolutionresolution I Imagingmaging S Spectroradiometerpectroradiometer))MODIS MODIS (MOD(MODerateerate--resolutionresolution I Imagingmaging S Spectroradiometerpectroradiometer))

MODIS utilizes latest technology, sensor specifically designed for vegetation, landcover and burn area mapping

MODIS images 2,300 km swath in single pass Single MODIS satellite images same location

on the ground every two days Two MODIS satellites will be operational early

2001 – second system will provide daily coverage

MODIS MODIS CharacteristicsCharacteristicsMODIS MODIS CharacteristicsCharacteristics

MODIS Orbital CharacteristicsMODIS Orbital CharacteristicsMODIS Orbital CharacteristicsMODIS Orbital Characteristics

Terra Platform – EOS AM1 Aqua Platform – EOS PM1 705 km, Near-polar, Sun Synchronous ~2300 km Swath Width 1 to 2 day revisit

MODIS Sensor CharacteristicsMODIS Sensor CharacteristicsMODIS Sensor CharacteristicsMODIS Sensor Characteristics

Red / NIR @ 250-meters 5 Visible to Mid-IR Bands @ 500-meters 29 Visible to Thermal IR @ 1-km

Narrow Spectral Width High Dynamic Range (12-bit) Multiple Thermal Bands Sophisticated Onboard Calibration

Spectral Property Summary

Comparison of Landsat 7 and MODIS Bands 1-7

Summary: MODIS / Landsat ComparisonSummary: MODIS / Landsat ComparisonSummary: MODIS / Landsat ComparisonSummary: MODIS / Landsat Comparison

MODIS Landsat 7Revisit Period 1-day 16-day

Observations per Visit 2 day time / 2 night time 1 daytime

Swath Width ~2300 km ~185 km

Spatial Resolution 250 / 500 / 1000 meters 30 / 15 meters

Number of Spectral Bands 36 Total 8 Total

Dynamic Range 12-bit (4096) 8-bit (256)

Observation to Application Latency

~12 hours 2 - 3 weeks

MODIS : Unique Niche in Earth Observing Systems & Opens the Door to New Natural Resource Applications

MODIS : Unique Niche in Earth Observing Systems & Opens the Door to New Natural Resource Applications

Comparison of MODIS & AVHRRComparison of MODIS & AVHRRComparison of MODIS & AVHRRComparison of MODIS & AVHRR

MODIS Direct ReadoutMODIS Direct ReadoutMODIS Direct ReadoutMODIS Direct Readout

Facilitates applications that require near real-time imagery

Wider use of data Moderate cost solution

Proposed USDA Forest MODIS Applications NetworkProposed USDA Forest MODIS Applications NetworkProposed USDA Forest MODIS Applications NetworkProposed USDA Forest MODIS Applications Network

3.1-meter X-band Antenna

Terra (Aqua)Spacecraft

GPSTimingSystem Level 0 Processing

• Antenna Control and Programming

• Tunable X-band Down Converter

• Demodulation and Frame Synchronization

• Assembly of Level 0 product

Level 1b Processing• Level 0 Reformatting• Geolocation using

Ephemeris and Attitude• Calibration to top-of-

atmosphere radiance

Direct Broadcast Workstation

RAID AutomatedTape Backup

Level 2 & 3 Processing (RSAC)

Existing MODLand Products• MOD09 - MOD13 MOD14

Algorithm Development• Burned Severity / Intensity

Watershed Assessment Support

Strategic Fire Management Support

Level 2 & 3 Processing (FiSL)

Algorithm Development• Enhanced Active Fire• Smoke Dispersion

Algorithm Development• Burned Severity

LANDFIRE Support?

Ethernet LANBroadband Virtual NetworkConnection (< 60 min. lag)

RSAC Image Processing WorkstationFiSL Image Processing Workstation

MODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mapping

Montana Fires August 23, 2000

MODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mappingMODIS fire mapping

Montana & Idaho Fires September 26, 2000Montana & Idaho Fires September 26, 2000Montana & Idaho Fires September 26, 2000Montana & Idaho Fires September 26, 2000

MODIS Support for Rangeland ManagementMODIS Support for Rangeland ManagementMODIS Support for Rangeland ManagementMODIS Support for Rangeland Management

Monitor daily rangeland changes: Improves forage production

estimates Improves rangeland cover

mapping capabilities

Identify annual trends in rangeland production: Develop guidelines for

sustainable range management

1 year sequence of “greeness” images1 year sequence of “greeness” images

MODIS Vegetative Cover ConversionMODIS Vegetative Cover ConversionMODIS Vegetative Cover ConversionMODIS Vegetative Cover Conversion

Alarm for where rapid land cover conversion

Multiple change detection algorithms

250-meter Spatial Resolution

Annual Landcover MapAnnual Landcover MapAnnual Landcover MapAnnual Landcover Map

MODIS-Derived 1-km Spatial

Resolution IGBM Classification

Prototype of Annual Land Cover MapPrototype of Annual Land Cover Map

Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) – Tree CoverVegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) – Tree CoverVegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) – Tree CoverVegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) – Tree Cover

VCF – North West CONUS TreecoverVCF – North West CONUS TreecoverVCF – North West CONUS TreecoverVCF – North West CONUS Treecover

VCF – Idaho Tree CoverVCF – Idaho Tree CoverVCF – Idaho Tree CoverVCF – Idaho Tree Cover