Moderated by Tom MacDonald Local Government Management Association Local Governance in BC -...

Moderated by Tom MacDonaldModerated by Tom MacDonald

Local Government Management AssociationLocal Government Management Association

Local Governance in Local Governance in BC - Excellence Through BC - Excellence Through Collaborative PartnershipsCollaborative Partnerships

Presented by:Presented by:

Brian Walisser & Gary Paget, MCSBrian Walisser & Gary Paget, MCS

Local Governance in Local Governance in British Columbia – British Columbia – Collaborative PartnershipsCollaborative Partnerships

World Urban Forum, June 19 – 23, 2006World Urban Forum, June 19 – 23, 2006

MCS

LGMA

UBCM

CIVICINFO

157 municipalities157 municipalities

27 regional districts27 regional districts

Citizens

MFA


Canada in the WorldCanada in the World

CanadaCanada


British Columbia in CanadaBritish Columbia in Canada

British British ColumbiaColumbia


Canada’s western-most provinceCanada’s western-most province Total Area: 945,000 kmTotal Area: 945,000 km22 Population: 4,196,000Population: 4,196,000 GVRD = 51% populationGVRD = 51% population Canada’s 3rd largest metro areaCanada’s 3rd largest metro area Highest Point: Mt Fairweather, 4,663mHighest Point: Mt Fairweather, 4,663m Vancouver Is. = larger than BelgiumVancouver Is. = larger than Belgium 95% uninhabited95% uninhabited

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia


Beautiful British ColumbiaBeautiful British Columbia

City of Vancouver: Downtown & WestendCity of Vancouver: Downtown & Westend



Pitt Lake: Pitt MeadowsPitt Lake: Pitt Meadows

Sushwap Lake: Sushwap Lake: Okanagan ValleyOkanagan Valley

City of NelsonCity of Nelson



Victoria’s Fairmont Empress HotelVictoria’s Fairmont Empress Hotel



Tumbler Ridge Town HallTumbler Ridge Town Hall


Scope of BC Local Scope of BC Local Government SystemGovernment System

Social welfareSocial welfare

HighwaysHighways

Redistributive programmesRedistributive programmesMostly ProvincialMostly Provincial

Health servicesHealth services

Rural police / roadsRural police / roads

Hospital capitalHospital capitalProvincial – Some Provincial – Some

Local Tax ContributionLocal Tax Contribution

SchoolsSchools

Regional & local planningRegional & local planning

Regulation – property, peopleRegulation – property, people

Community ServicesCommunity Services

TransportationTransportation –– local roadslocal roads

UtilitiesUtilities –– water, sewerwater, sewerMostly Mostly

Local / Regional Local / Regional DistrictDistrict

ProtectionProtection –– police & firepolice & fire


Key Elements of BC’s Key Elements of BC’s Local Government System Local Government System

ResponsibilityResponsibility – assigning matters to the most – assigning matters to the most suitable stream of governmentsuitable stream of government

Financial independenceFinancial independence – providing financial – providing financial and other resources adequate to meet service and other resources adequate to meet service demandsdemands

Democratic decision-makingDemocratic decision-making – ensuring – ensuring good democratic & accountability processesgood democratic & accountability processes

Intergovernmental collaborationIntergovernmental collaboration – voluntary – voluntary partnerships; collective institutionspartnerships; collective institutions


Responsibility: Multiple StreamsResponsibility: Multiple Streams

In a complex world, complex In a complex world, complex organizations are natural, inevitableorganizations are natural, inevitable

Flexible system and multiple streams Flexible system and multiple streams needed to handle issues at proper scale:needed to handle issues at proper scale:

Strong municipalities for local servicesStrong municipalities for local services Regions “on tap”, not “on top” Regions “on tap”, not “on top” Regions built on the concept of “soft” boundaries Regions built on the concept of “soft” boundaries Regions able to launch inter-local partnershipsRegions able to launch inter-local partnerships


Responsibility: The BalanceResponsibility: The Balance

Regional DistrictsRegional Districts “ “Borrowed” PowersBorrowed” Powers 1000’s of partnerships 1000’s of partnerships

MunicipalitiesMunicipalities Most people (>85%)Most people (>85%) Most $$ spent (>80%)Most $$ spent (>80%) Broad powersBroad powers


Finance: OverviewFinance: Overview

BC local governments are:BC local governments are: Highly self-sufficient (especially larger cities)Highly self-sufficient (especially larger cities) Highly autonomous…very limited oversightHighly autonomous…very limited oversight Subject to relatively few financial restrictionsSubject to relatively few financial restrictions Beneficiaries of collaborative bodies that perform Beneficiaries of collaborative bodies that perform

collective taskscollective tasks


Sources of Municipal RevenueSources of Municipal Revenue

Share of Total Local Share of Total Local Government SpendingGovernment Spending

81%81%

19%19%

RDRD

MUNMUN

56%56%TaxesTaxes

FeesFees

OtherOther4%4%

31%31%

TransfersTransfers

9% 9%


Decision-making: Decision-making: Strong Local DemocracyStrong Local Democracy

Overall goal is to match citizen demands Overall goal is to match citizen demands with their willingness-to-paywith their willingness-to-pay

For this to work, citizens need to:For this to work, citizens need to: Be empowered and informedBe empowered and informed

Have influence over (some) proposed decisionsHave influence over (some) proposed decisions

Have confidence in integrity of elected officialsHave confidence in integrity of elected officials


Decision-making: Decision-making: Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances

Direct provincial oversight reduced…but Direct provincial oversight reduced…but remains strong over financesremains strong over finances

Judicial supervision on procedureJudicial supervision on procedure

Administrative watchdogs and legislated Administrative watchdogs and legislated protections in place (local protections in place (local andand provincial) provincial)

* * Note: Note: nono powerful powerful tribunaltribunal to upset local land use or financial to upset local land use or financial

decisionsdecisions


Intergovernmental CollaborationIntergovernmental Collaboration

A key system attribute A key system attribute

Not a “concession” by Not a “concession” by Provincial governmentProvincial government

Instead is a major design Instead is a major design principleprinciple

Revealed most clearly by:Revealed most clearly by: Multitude of inter-local Multitude of inter-local

partnershipspartnerships Collaborating partner bodiesCollaborating partner bodies


Key Ingredients for “Success”Key Ingredients for “Success”

Independent,Autonomous

Local Government

Units

Resilience &ContinuousAdaptation

ArticulateLocal

GovernmentAssociation

Capable,Strategic

Department(National or

Sub-national)

CommitmentTo Long-term

Solutions


Brian Walisser, Executive DirectorBrian Walisser, Executive [email protected]@gov.bc.ca

Ministry of Community ServicesMinistry of Community ServicesLocal Government Policy and ResearchLocal Government Policy and Research

66thth Floor, 800 Johnson Street Floor, 800 Johnson StreetVictoria, BCVictoria, BC

CanadaCanadaV8W 9T1V8W 9T1


LGMA

UBCM

CIVICINFO



Citizens

MFA

MCS


Todd Pugh, CivicInfoTodd Pugh, CivicInfo

The CollaboratorsThe Collaborators


Collaborative OrganizationsCollaborative Organizations

High degree of collaboration between High degree of collaboration between different interests within the systemdifferent interests within the system

Relationships developed over time and Relationships developed over time and based on respect each interest has for each based on respect each interest has for each otherother

Practical recognition that there are Practical recognition that there are opportunities to achieve benefits through opportunities to achieve benefits through collaboration collaboration


History of Collaboration History of Collaboration

Union of British Columbia Municipalities Union of British Columbia Municipalities (UBCM): 1905(UBCM): 1905

Local Government Management Association Local Government Management Association (LGMA): 1919(LGMA): 1919

Ministry of Community Services: 1934Ministry of Community Services: 1934 Regional Districts: 1965Regional Districts: 1965 Municipal Finance Authority of BC Municipal Finance Authority of BC

(MFA-BC): 1970(MFA-BC): 1970 British Columbia Assessment (BCA): 1974British Columbia Assessment (BCA): 1974 Municipal Insurance Association of BC: 1987Municipal Insurance Association of BC: 1987 CivicInfo BC: 1998CivicInfo BC: 1998


Reasons for Collaboration Reasons for Collaboration

Intergovernmental Relations:Intergovernmental Relations: Union of British Columbia Municipalities (UBCM)Union of British Columbia Municipalities (UBCM) Ministry of Community Services (MCS)Ministry of Community Services (MCS)

Management Capacity Building:Management Capacity Building: Local Government Management Association Local Government Management Association

(LGMA)(LGMA)

Collaborative Helper OrganizationsCollaborative Helper Organizations Municipal Finance Authority of BC (MFA-BC)Municipal Finance Authority of BC (MFA-BC) British Columbia Assessment (BCA)British Columbia Assessment (BCA) Municipal Insurance Association (MIA)Municipal Insurance Association (MIA) CivicInfo BCCivicInfo BC


Dimensions of CollaborationDimensions of Collaboration

Collaboration Collaboration withinwithin the local government the local government sectorsector

Local government to local governmentLocal government to local government● BCA, MFA, MIA, CivicInfoBCA, MFA, MIA, CivicInfo

Collaboration Collaboration betweenbetween the local government the local government sector and otherssector and others

Provincial, Federal, First Nations, Private Sector, Provincial, Federal, First Nations, Private Sector, InternationalInternational● MCS, UBCM, LGMAMCS, UBCM, LGMA


Intergovernmental RelationsIntergovernmental Relations

Union of British Columbia MunicipalitiesUnion of British Columbia Municipalities Represents local government interests to the Represents local government interests to the

provincial and federal governmentsprovincial and federal governments Represents all 184 BC local governments - large Represents all 184 BC local governments - large

and small - and facilitates inter-governmental and small - and facilitates inter-governmental cooperationcooperation

100% membership for 26 consecutive years, 100% membership for 26 consecutive years, membership is voluntarymembership is voluntary

History of collaborative policy development with the History of collaborative policy development with the provincial governmentprovincial government


Management Capacity BuildingManagement Capacity Building

Local Government Management AssociationLocal Government Management Association Promotes professional development and leadership Promotes professional development and leadership

excellence in local governmentexcellence in local government Cooperation with educational institutionsCooperation with educational institutions Job posting serviceJob posting service NewsletterNewsletter


Collaborative Helper Collaborative Helper OrganizationsOrganizations

CivicInfo BCCivicInfo BC Comprehensive website for local government Comprehensive website for local government

informationinformation Co-operative partnership between 9 associations Co-operative partnership between 9 associations

and 180 local governmentsand 180 local governments Library of sample documents - bylaws and policiesLibrary of sample documents - bylaws and policies Job postings, event listings, news stories, Job postings, event listings, news stories,

directoriesdirectories



Municipal Finance Authority of British Municipal Finance Authority of British ColumbiaColumbia

Owned by local governmentsOwned by local governments Credit union or co-operative to pool borrowing Credit union or co-operative to pool borrowing

needs and provide low-cost financial servicesneeds and provide low-cost financial services Pools risk to achieve high credit ratingPools risk to achieve high credit rating All local governments including smallest enjoy low-All local governments including smallest enjoy low-

cost borrowingcost borrowing



The Municipal Insurance Association of The Municipal Insurance Association of British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

Non-profit liability insurance cooperativeNon-profit liability insurance cooperative Maintains liability coverage needed for local Maintains liability coverage needed for local

government financial securitygovernment financial security Stabilizes liability insurance costsStabilizes liability insurance costs Provides risk management educationProvides risk management education



British Columbia AssessmentBritish Columbia Assessment Province-wide assessment of land and Province-wide assessment of land and

improvements for local government taxation improvements for local government taxation purposespurposes

Independent from local governmentsIndependent from local governments Consistent valuations regardless of locationConsistent valuations regardless of location


Case Studies:Case Studies:The What and Why of CollaborationThe What and Why of Collaboration

Topics Topics Intergovernmental Relations: UBCMIntergovernmental Relations: UBCM Collaborative Organizations: Pooled Borrowing Collaborative Organizations: Pooled Borrowing

through the Municipal Finance Authoritythrough the Municipal Finance Authority Management Capacity Building: Local Government Management Capacity Building: Local Government

Management AssociationManagement Association


Todd Pugh, Executive DirectorTodd Pugh, Executive [email protected]@civicinfo.bc.ca

CivicInfo BCCivicInfo BC737 Fort Street737 Fort Street

Victoria, British ColumbiaVictoria, British ColumbiaCanadaCanada

V8W 2V1V8W 2V1


LGMA

UBCM

CIVICINFO



Citizens

MFA

MCS


Richard Taylor, UBCMRichard Taylor, UBCM

Case Study #1:Case Study #1: Intergovernmental Intergovernmental CollaborationCollaboration


Local

ProvincialProvincial

A Changed RelationshipA Changed Relationship

LegislationLegislation

RegulationRegulation

MandatesMandates ProposalsProposals

IssuesIssues


A Changed RelationshipA Changed Relationship

Joint policy development Joint policy development and implementationand implementation

From issues to policy development and From issues to policy development and legislationlegislation

By provincial and local governmentsBy provincial and local governments


Intergovernmental Collaboration and Intergovernmental Collaboration and the the Community CharterCommunity Charter

Recognition as an Recognition as an order of governmentorder of government Acceptance of inter-dependence and value of Acceptance of inter-dependence and value of

horizontal horizontal relationsrelations Principles of municipal-provincial relations:Principles of municipal-provincial relations:

Mutual respectMutual respect Notice and consultationNotice and consultation Resolution of differencesResolution of differences

Specific tools:Specific tools: Consultation requirements Consultation requirements Consultation agreementsConsultation agreements Dispute resolutionDispute resolution


Intergovernmental Collaboration: Intergovernmental Collaboration: Operationalizing the PrinciplesOperationalizing the Principles

Developing Consultation Agreements: Developing Consultation Agreements: Concurrent regulatory authorityConcurrent regulatory authority

Reconciling provincial and local interests: Reconciling provincial and local interests: Resorts Approval HarmonizationResorts Approval Harmonization

Providing advice: Regulatory Best PracticesProviding advice: Regulatory Best Practices


New Intergovernmental CollaborationsNew Intergovernmental Collaborations

With provincial government in program With provincial government in program deliverydelivery

With First NationsWith First Nations

With federal government onWith federal government on Cooperation agreements:Cooperation agreements:

● 2-way (local-provincial)2-way (local-provincial)● 3-way (federal-provincial-local)3-way (federal-provincial-local)

New Deal for Cities and Communities:New Deal for Cities and Communities:● first major tripartite agreementfirst major tripartite agreement● delivered by UBCMdelivered by UBCM


Intergovernmental CollaborationsIntergovernmental Collaborations

Why we did itWhy we did it

What have been the resultsWhat have been the results


Intergovernmental Collaborations:Intergovernmental Collaborations:Key Lessons LearnedKey Lessons Learned

Have a shared visionHave a shared vision

Embrace incrementallyEmbrace incrementally

Don’t need to be a big organization to be Don’t need to be a big organization to be successfulsuccessful

UBCM couldn’t do aloneUBCM couldn’t do alone

Accept that it doesn’t always workAccept that it doesn’t always work



UBCM’s 100% membershipUBCM’s 100% membership

Low level of fiscal dependency (members Low level of fiscal dependency (members and UBCM)and UBCM)

Provincial government supportProvincial government support

Internal consensusInternal consensus

Policy based, non-partisan organizationPolicy based, non-partisan organization

Diversity is natural not artificialDiversity is natural not artificial


Richard Taylor, Executive DirectorRichard Taylor, Executive [email protected]@civicnet.bc.ca

Union of British Columbia Municipalities Union of British Columbia Municipalities 60-10551 Shellbridge Way60-10551 Shellbridge Way

Richmond, British ColumbiaRichmond, British ColumbiaCanadaCanada

V6X 2W9V6X 2W9


LGMA

UBCM

CIVICINFO



Citizens

MFA

MCS


Steve Berna, MFA-BCSteve Berna, MFA-BC

Case Study #2:Case Study #2: Pooled BorrowingPooled Borrowing


MFA-BC ClientsMFA-BC Clients

All 184 local governments:All 184 local governments: Municipalities are both owners and clientsMunicipalities are both owners and clients 1-share per local government = 1 vote = system-1-share per local government = 1 vote = system-

wide equalitywide equality Guarantee each others’ debtGuarantee each others’ debt Receive the same interest rate on debt regardless Receive the same interest rate on debt regardless

of sizeof size Smallest: Population 238Smallest: Population 238 Largest: Population 2.2 millionLargest: Population 2.2 million


MFA-BC Credit RatingsMFA-BC Credit Ratings

Proper financial controls can lead to:Proper financial controls can lead to:

MFA-BCMFA-BC *Aaa*Aaa *AA+*AA+ Province of BCProvince of BC Aa+ Aa+ AA+ AA+ Canadian BanksCanadian Banks Aa- Aa- AA- AA-

Standard & Poor’sStandard & Poor’sMoody’sMoody’s

* * All All 184 local governments receive these credit 184 local governments receive these credit ratings regardless of sizeratings regardless of size


Interest Rates – 10 year Interest Rates – 10 year (fixed rate)(fixed rate)

Chartered BanksChartered Banks = = 4.95%4.95%

““AAA” Ontario MunicipalitiesAAA” Ontario Municipalities = = 4.80%4.80%

European “AAA” Borrowers (KFW)European “AAA” Borrowers (KFW) = = 4.74%4.74%

Province of Ontario Province of Ontario (largest province)(largest province) = = 4.70%4.70%

MFA-BCMFA-BC = = 4.66%*4.66%*

* * All local governmentsAll local governments receive this rate regardless of size receive this rate regardless of size


What does MFA-BC Finance?What does MFA-BC Finance?


Governance:Governance:Controlled by local governmentsControlled by local governments

Each of 27 regional districts has a Each of 27 regional districts has a representative on boardrepresentative on board

NONO provincial representatives provincial representatives

Chair and Board of Trustees is composed of Chair and Board of Trustees is composed of elected officialselected officials


9 Trustees9 TrusteesAnnually elected from Annually elected from

Members of the AuthorityMembers of the Authority

ChairChairAnnually elected from Annually elected from

Members of the AuthorityMembers of the Authority

35 Members35 MembersAnnually appointed from Annually appointed from

Regional DistrictsRegional Districts

27 Regional Districts27 Regional DistrictsRepresenting 157 MunicipalitiesRepresenting 157 Municipalities

MFA-BC GovernanceMFA-BC Governance


Surpluses: Yours to keepSurpluses: Yours to keep

When MFA’s investments earn in excess of When MFA’s investments earn in excess of budgeted amounts, excess is returned to the budgeted amounts, excess is returned to the municipalitiesmunicipalities

Total excess returned since 1991: Total excess returned since 1991: » $525 million$525 million


Financial Self-sufficiencyFinancial Self-sufficiency

No senior level of government No senior level of government support- not a hardship to taxpayerssupport- not a hardship to taxpayers

5%

95%Programs

Tax Levy


MFA-BC: Size MattersMFA-BC: Size Matters

MFA Originated in 1970 with “A” credit ratingMFA Originated in 1970 with “A” credit rating

In 1980 awarded “AAA” credit ratingIn 1980 awarded “AAA” credit rating

Total debt outstanding Total debt outstanding = $5 billion= $5 billion

Investments managedInvestments managed = $2.8 billion= $2.8 billion

Leasing under administration Leasing under administration = $60 million= $60 million

No MFA client has ever defaulted on a loan No MFA client has ever defaulted on a loan paymentpayment


Why is MFA-BC’s Credit Rating Above Why is MFA-BC’s Credit Rating Above the Provincial Government?the Provincial Government?

Joint and several borrowingJoint and several borrowing Local governments guarantee each other’s debtLocal governments guarantee each other’s debt

Borrowing power formula- borrowing limitsBorrowing power formula- borrowing limits Provincial government sets municipal debt limit and Provincial government sets municipal debt limit and

approves borrowingapproves borrowing Each municipality has its’ own “debt limit”Each municipality has its’ own “debt limit” Formula is based upon each municipality’s revenuesFormula is based upon each municipality’s revenues

Debt Reserve Fund (DRF)Debt Reserve Fund (DRF) Protection for investors in case of non-payment by Protection for investors in case of non-payment by

local government (has never occurred) local government (has never occurred) DRF is equivalent to two-times the largest day’s DRF is equivalent to two-times the largest day’s

interest obligationinterest obligation


How can others achieve?How can others achieve?

Contact MFA-BC - We will share our ideas at Contact MFA-BC - We will share our ideas at no costno cost

Work with your senior levels of government Work with your senior levels of government to:to:

Establish guidelinesEstablish guidelines Convince local governments to work togetherConvince local governments to work together Build safeguards against “payment defaults”Build safeguards against “payment defaults”

It works – MFA-BC has done it since 1970It works – MFA-BC has done it since 1970



100% membership of local governments100% membership of local governments

All members are equal and jointly guarantee All members are equal and jointly guarantee debtsdebts

Size provides economies of scaleSize provides economies of scale

Independence from provincial government Independence from provincial government but cooperate with provincial governmentbut cooperate with provincial government

Establishes ‘rules of the game’Establishes ‘rules of the game’ Watches over local fiscal healthWatches over local fiscal health


Steve Berna, Executive DirectorSteve Berna, Executive [email protected]@mfa.bc.ca

Municipal Finance Authority of British ColumbiaMunicipal Finance Authority of British Columbia737 Fort Street737 Fort Street


V8W 2V1V8W 2V1


UBCM

CIVICINFO



Citizens

MFA

MCS

LGMA


Tom MacDonald, LGMA Tom MacDonald, LGMA

Case Study #3:Case Study #3: Capacity BuildingCapacity Building


Case Study 3: Capacity BuildingCase Study 3: Capacity Building

Approximately 33,000 thousand employees Approximately 33,000 thousand employees in British Columbia’s 184 local government in British Columbia’s 184 local government jurisdictionsjurisdictions

No minimum level of education required No minimum level of education required however strong support and encouragement however strong support and encouragement for professional developmentfor professional development



Board of ExaminersBoard of Examiners Recognized in legislationRecognized in legislation Competency-based program of studiesCompetency-based program of studies Employees at all levels encouraged to participateEmployees at all levels encouraged to participate Involvement of Universities and CollegesInvolvement of Universities and Colleges Certification by three party board: MCS, LGMA, Certification by three party board: MCS, LGMA,

UBCMUBCM Encouragement of continuing professional Encouragement of continuing professional

developmentdevelopment



Collaboration with Universities and CollegesCollaboration with Universities and Colleges Identification of skills and competency needsIdentification of skills and competency needs Development of curriculumDevelopment of curriculum Partnerships in program deliveryPartnerships in program delivery



Local Government Management AssociationLocal Government Management Association Municipal Administration Training Institute (MATI)Municipal Administration Training Institute (MATI)

● FoundationFoundation● LeadershipLeadership● CommunicationsCommunications● Managing EmployeesManaging Employees

WorkshopsWorkshops


TeamworksTeamworks Coaching Coaching

Local governments helping local Local governments helping local governmentsgovernments

Professionals helping professionalsProfessionals helping professionals



Broad-based organizationBroad-based organization

IndependenceIndependence

Collaboration with partners within the local Collaboration with partners within the local government system and outsidegovernment system and outside

Provincial supportProvincial support


Tom MacDonald, Executive DirectorTom MacDonald, Executive [email protected]@lgma.ca

Local Government Management Association Local Government Management Association of British Columbiaof British Columbia

737 Fort Street737 Fort StreetVictoria, British ColumbiaVictoria, British Columbia

CanadaCanadaV8W 2V1V8W 2V1



Independent and self-sufficient local Independent and self-sufficient local governmentsgovernments

Strong unitary municipal associationStrong unitary municipal association

Collaborative organizations Collaborative organizations

Strong and supportive provincial ministry Strong and supportive provincial ministry

Vision and commitment to the long-termVision and commitment to the long-term


LGMA

UBCM

CIVICINFO



Citizens

MFA

MCS


Local, National, International AssistanceLocal, National, International Assistance

Tom MacDonaldTom MacDonaldExecutive DirectorExecutive Director

[email protected]@lgma.ca

Local Government Local Government Management Association Management Association

of British Columbiaof British Columbia737 Fort Street737 Fort Street

Victoria, British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaCanada

V8W 2V1V8W 2V1

Steve Berna,Steve Berna,Executive DirectorExecutive Director

[email protected]@mfa.bc.ca

Municipal Finance AuthorityMunicipal Finance Authority of British Columbiaof British Columbia

737 Fort Street737 Fort StreetVictoria, British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia,

CanadaCanadaV8W 2V1V8W 2V1

Richard Taylor Richard Taylor Executive DirectorExecutive Director

[email protected]@civicnet.bc.ca

Union of British Columbia Union of British Columbia Municipalities Municipalities

60-10551 Shellbridge Way60-10551 Shellbridge WayRichmond, British ColumbiaRichmond, British Columbia

CanadaCanadaV6X 2W9V6X 2W9


Local, National, International AssistanceLocal, National, International Assistance

Brian WalisserBrian WalisserExecutive DirectorExecutive Director

[email protected]@gov.bc.ca

Ministry of Community ServicesMinistry of Community ServicesLocal Government Policy and ResearchLocal Government Policy and Research

6th Floor, 800 Johnson Street6th Floor, 800 Johnson StreetVictoria, British ColumbiaVictoria, British Columbia

CanadaCanadaV8W 9N7V8W 9N7

Todd PughTodd PughExecutive DirectorExecutive Director

[email protected]@civicinfo.bc.ca

CivicInfo BCCivicInfo BC737 Fort Street737 Fort Street


V8W 2V1V8W 2V1

Moderated by Tom MacDonald Local Government Management Association Local Governance in BC -...

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