Modals and Semi Modals

Alnajah Junior High School

can

couldmay/ might

must

should

have to be able to

modals وsemi modals الرئيسي الفعل معنى تغير مساعدة أفعال هي


1. Modal verbs are always followed by a verb in its base formbase form.

EXAMPLES:

I can speakspeak Italian. He can speak Italian.

Compare: I speak Italian. He speaksspeaks Italian.

(NOT- He can to speak…) , األساسية بصيغته الفعل يأتي األفعال هذه بعد


2. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person in the present simple.

EXAMPLES:

He speaksspeaks Italian. He can speakspeak Italian. (NOT- He cans

speak…)

HowHow??


3. We use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past. (We don’t use the helping verb “do”)

EXAMPLES:They might not comecome to the party.

Compare: They don’t come to the party.

Not: They don’t might comecome to the party.أل أفعال نفي المساعد notنستعمل modalsعند الفعل وليس

do

HowHow??


Many modal verbs cannot be used in all of the English tenses. That's why we need to know their meaning and the substitute for these modal verbs.

ال أفعال استعXمال نستطيع في modalsالبحاجة . نحن لذا االنجليزية باللغة األزمنة جميع

... معناها لمعرفة


We use these modals to express: General ability/ disability - قدرة

I cancan walk.

= I have the general ability to do the action of walking.

I can’tcan’t hear you, it is too noisy.

=I don’t have the ability to hear what you are saying because of the noise.


Possibility/ impossibility – إمكانية عرض

I have some free time. I cancan help her now. =I have the opportunity to help her.

I can'tcan't help her now because I don't have any time. =I don’t have the opportunity to help her.


Request اإلذن - طلب

Can I use your pen?


In the past, can changes to could.

He couldcould speak only Arabic when he was a kid. He couldncouldn’’tt speak to his neighbor who speaks only English.

(General ability)


Polite request - مؤدب طلب

Could you open the window?

Practice time-can/couldAlnajah Junior High School

http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/can-cant.html

Possibility– Possibility– احتمال احتمال ذكر ذكر We may may come on time, but if you miss the

bus, we mightmight be late. =I plan to come on time and this is why I I want to catch

the 7:15 bus.

If I catch the 7:30 bus, I can come on time or not, I’m not sure.

If you advertise on the Internet you mightmight get a lot of spam to your e-mail box.=Although you don’t want to get spam, there’s a risk that

you will get it.Alnajah Junior High School

Get Permission – Get Permission – اإلذن اإلذن طلب طلب

MayMay I come to visit you at 5 o’clock? =I want to come to you but I’m not sure that you want me

to come/that you will be at home/that you will let me enter .

You maymay take only one candy. =Although there are more candies, I permit you to take

only one of them!


* advice – النصيحة طلبIf you want to be a champion you shouldshould practice every day.

=You don’t have to practice but then, you will not get better.


Must – very strong advice/ obligation ذكراللزوم أو الواجب

She is sick. She has high fever. She mustmust take a pill.= very strong advice/ obligation


Mustn't – things you're not allowed to do.ممنوع

You mustnmustn’’tt ride your bike without a helmet!= you're not allowed to do.(ممنوع)


= it is necessary=shows obligation and giving advice.

اللزوم أو الواجب ذكر

have to/has to –in the present/near future

had to –in the past

will have to –in the future


I have tohave to clean my room. (My mother forces me to do it.)

She has tohas to finish the test before the bell rings.

(After the bell rings, you can’t go on answering the questions.)

He had tohad to take radiation therapy for his disease.

(…to get well.) At the end of the 9th grade we will have to will have to

leave our school.(…and go to high school.)


Don't have to / Doesn't have to = it isn't necessary

You don’t have to do this work.

Practice time-have/has to


http://english-zone.com/verbs/haveto1.html

Present: am/ is/ are

Past: was/ were

Future: will be able to


‘be able to’ shows an ability.

, الماضي الحاضر بصيغة القدرة أو اإلمكانية ذكرالمستقبل أو

-I don’t know when I will be ready. I will be will be able toable to give you an answer later.

-Is he able toable to do it? Yes, he knows how to do it and has time to do it.

(=CanCan he do it?)


http://www.english-zone.com/spelling/cont-02.html


Exercise on modal verbs and their substitutes

Exercise - modal verb or substitute

Exercise on 'must not' and 'need not' (for soccer fans)

http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/

exercise-english-476.php

http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/

exercise-english-443.php

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/auxiliary-verbs/

exercises


Modals and Semi Modals

Documents

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