Modal mineralogy of some granitic rocks from eastern ...

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Modal mineralogy of some granitic rocks from eastern Maricopa and northern Gila Counties, Arizona by Jon E. Spencer, Steven J. Skotnicki, and Stephen M. Richard Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-09 December, 2003 18 page text Arizona Geological Survey 416 W. Congress St., #100, Tucson, Arizona 85701 Jointly funded by the Arizona Geological Survey and the U. S. Geological Survey under STATEMAP Program Contract #98HQAG2064.

Transcript of Modal mineralogy of some granitic rocks from eastern ...

Modal mineralogy of some granitic rocks from eastern Maricopa and northern Gila Counties, Arizona

by

Jon E. Spencer, Steven J. Skotnicki, and Stephen M. Richard

Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-09

December, 2003 18 page text

Arizona Geological Survey 416 W. Congress St., #100, Tucson, Arizona 85701

Jointly funded by the Arizona Geological Survey and the U. S. Geological Survey under

STATEMAP Program Contract #98HQAG2064.

Modal mineralogy of some granitic rocks from eastern Maricopa and northern Gila Counties, Arizona

Granitic rocks are classified by their relative proportions of quartz, plagioclase feldspar, and potassium feldspar. Geologic mapping in the Mesa 19 x 29 Quadrangle by the Arizona Geological Survey, done in part with federal funds provided by the STATEMAP program, covered large areas of granitic rocks. In order to properly classify and name these rocks, a set of sample was collected (by SJS) and sent to Quality Thin Sections (QTS) in Tucson, Arizona, where the samples were cut into slabs (typically about 8 x 15 cm) and chemically stained to allow distinction ofK-feldspar and plagioclase. The plagioclase stain was not effective in most cases, for reasons unknown to the responsible commercial technician at QTS, but most of the slabs took the K-feldspar stain which clearly identified the K-feldspar. After spraying the slabs with clear acrylic spray, quartz could generally be distinguished from plagioclase by the lack of secondary mineral development in the quartz. Plagioclase also tended to have a white chalky color, possibly in part due to attack by hydrofluoric acid during the staining process, and this chalky white contrasts with the gray color of quartz.

Slab mineral populations were determined by point counting using a binocular microscope and a set of counting grids consisting of clear acetate sheets with a rectangular grid of tiny dots marking the counting points. As the grid was traversed, the mineral underneath each dot was counted. The counting grid was selected to use a grid with the largest spacing possible so that ~ 1000 points could be counted over the entire cut face of the slab. The largest grid size available (#104.5 = 2.8 mm dot spacing) was used for all but one sample. Seven rows of points were counted in each pass across the sample, and the sub totals for each 'pass' were recorded. Variation in mineral content with each pass reflects mineral population heterogeneity. Variations are not presented in the data table, but could be determined from the data presented.

Table 1 provides basic geologic information concerning the samples, Table 2 and Figure 1 provide location information, and Table 3 contains counting data and calculated percentages. The fraction of dark ("mafic," or magnesium- and iron-bearing) minerals is also given in raw count form and as a percentage of total rock. Quartz and feldspar percentage data are plotted in Figure 2, and rock classifications are determined from this plot. Finally, Appendix 1 contains map figures of the sample location plotted on topographic and/or geologic maps. This information is included to provide an unambiguous record of sample locations.

All but two of the studied samples are classified as granites according to the lUGS classification scheme (Streckeisen, 1973). Three samples, two of the Payson Granite and one from the McDowell Mountains labeled "Fountain Hills," fall in the syenogranite subfield of the granite field. Except for two mafic samples with 35 and 57 % mafic minerals, all of the other samples fall in the monzogranite subfield of the granite field.

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Table 1. Geologic information

Sample name 7 Yz' Quadrangle Source of geologic information Previous map-unit designations

Sunflower Boulder Mountain Skotnicki and Leighty (1998), OFR 98-15 Xgr-Granite. Sunflower Granite used previously

Payson, Payson 1 Payson North Star Valley, Hwy 260 roadside Payson Granite McDowell Pass Granite Reef Dam Skotnicki (1995), OFR 95-16 Yf-Non-foliated felsic

granitoid Carefree McDowell Peak Little (1975), ASU M.S. thesis, Camelback Granite of Doorn (Pinnacle Peak) Isachsen and others (1999), OFR 99-5, and Pewe (1991); Carefree

Skotnicki (1996), OFR 96-11 Granite of Skotnicki (pers. Skotnicki and others (1997), OFR 97-02 comm .. ); Pinnacle Peak Granite

ofIsachsen and others (1999) Usery Mountains Granite Reef Dam Skotnicki (1995), OFR 95-16 Xgc-Medium to coarse-

grained granitoid Fountain Hills Sawik Mountain Skotnicki (1995), OFR 95-16 YXg-Felsic granitoid Stewart Mountain Stewart Mountain Skotnicki and Leighty (1997b), OFR 97-12 Xgc-Coarse-grained granite Stewart Mountain 2 Stewart Mountain Skotnicki and Leighty (1997b), OFR 97-12 Xd-Diorite 4-14-97-6 Four Peaks Skotnicki (2000), OFR 00-11 Xd-Diorite. This unit is part of

the Buckhorn Creek Crystalline Complex of Spencer and

Richard (1999), OFR 99-6 Beeline Mine Mountain Skotnicki and Leighty (1997a), OFR 97-11 Xg-Quartz monzonite EIOso Mine Mountain Skotnicki and Leighty (1997a), OFR 97-11 Yg-Granite Schultze Granite Pinal Mountains Ransome (1904)

Table 2. Sample locations

UTME UTMN Degrees Minutes Decimal Degrees Minutes Decimal Latitude Latitude Latitude Longitude Longitude Longitude

Sunflower 456165 3743145 33 49.85 33.8308 111 28.35 -111.4725 Payson 476220 3790275 34 15.3 34.2550 111 15.5 -111.25833

Payson 1 475275 3790025 34 15.15 34.2525 111 16.1 -111.26833 McDowell Pass 435025 3714020 33 34 33.5667 111 42 -111.7

Carefree 421755 3733410 33 44.48 33.7413 111 50.5 -111.84167 Usery Mountains 436405 3707375 33 30.38 33.5063 111 41.05 -111.68417

Fountain Hills 427100 3718230 33 36.27 33.6045 111 47.15 -111.78583 Stewart Mountain 449815 3715150 33 33.7 33.5617 111 32.35 -111.53917

Stewart Mountain 2 449930 3713330 33 35.1 33.5850 111 32.5 -111.54167 4-16-97-6 473340 3724610 33 39.46 33.6577 111 17.15 -111.28583 Beeline 453700 3727270 33 41.05 33.6842 111 29.93 -111.49883 EI0so 463350 3731975 33 44.08 33.7347 111 22.94 -111.38233

Schultze 505420 3691225

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References Cited

Doorn, P.L., and P6w6, T.L., 1991, Geologic and gravimetric investigations of the Carefree Basin, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Special Paper 8, 187 p., 10 pI., scale 1:24,000.

lsachsen, C.E., Gehrels, G.E., Riggs, N.R, Spencer, J.E., Ferguson, C.A., Skotnicki, S.J., and Richard, S.M., 1999, U-Pb geochronologic data from zircons from eleven granitic rocks in central and western Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-5,27 p.

Little, L.A., 1975, Geology and land-use investigation in the Pinnacle Peak area, Maricopa County, Arizona: Tempe, Arizona State University unpub. M.S. thesis, 102 p., 5 pI., scale 1: 14,400.

Ransome, F.L., 1904, Description of the Globe quadrangle, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Geological Atlas Folio Ill, 17 p., scale 1 :62,500.

Skotnicki, SJ., 1995, Geologic map ofthe Fountain Hills / Mount McDowell area, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-16,25 p. scale 1:24,000.

Skotnicki, S.J., 1996, Geologic map of portions of the Fort McDowell and McDowell Peak Quadrangles, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-11,20 p. scale 1:24,000.

Skotnicki, SJ., 2000, Geologic map of the Four Peaks 7.5' Quadrangle, Maricopa and Gila Counties, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-11, scale 1:24,000,35 p.

Skotnicki, S.J., and Leighty, RS., 1997a, Geologic map of the Mine Mountain Quadrangle, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-11, 11 p., scale 1:24,000.

Skotnicki, SJ., and Leighty, R.S., 1997b, Geologic map of the Stewart Mountain Quadrangle, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-12, 19 p., scale 1 :24,000.

Skotnicki, S.J., and Leighty, RS., 1998, Geologic Map of the Boulder Mountain 7.5' Quadrangle, Maricopa and Gila Counties, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-15, scale 1 :24,000, 17 p. text.

Skotnicki, S.J., Leighty, R.S., and Pearthree, P.A., 1997, Geologic map of the Wildcat Hill Quadrangle, Maricopa County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-02, 16 p., scale 1 :24,000.

Spencer, J.E., and Richard, S.M., 1999, Geologic map and report for the Theodore Roosevelt Dam area, Gila and Maricopa Counties, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-6, scale 1 :24,000, 28 p.

Streckeisen, A.L., 1973, Plutonic rocks: Classification and nomenclature recommended by the lUGS Subcommission on the Systematics ofIgneous Rocks: Geotimes, v. 18, n. 10, p. 26-30.

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410000

410000

5 o ~--- -

420000 430000

Carefree

Fountain Hills

® McDowel

420000 430000

5 10 Miles

440000 450000 460000 470000 480000

440'000 450'000 460000 470000 480000 490000 500000

Grid around outside is UTM zone 12 coordinates

Map Showing Locations where samples were collected

v,

K-Feldspar 10

quartz syenite

syenite

I syeno- I monzo-granite I granite

I <;) I i I

Payson 1 I I I

Beeline JES i ~ Beeline SMR

Payson I ~~ 0 Carefree

~ ~ / Sunfl0v:'er • 0 Stewart Mtn.

Fountain HiII~ ~ ~ I EI Oso McDowell Pass

granite usel

35

quartz monzonite

monzonite

2..

granodiorite

o Sc.h"'lh~ 'i

65

quartz monzodiorite

monzodiorite

90 Plagioclase

fABLE ::? ~.

ID # Sample ID Grid Qua~ _ K-feldspar Plagioclase Mafic' Operato~~l_E..ate Notes I I

-'~

I : Plag stain poor but chalky white color allows distinction from quartz.

I 1 Sunflower

I 221 231 _~_ 70 J.E'S' __ i_12/1/1~9 Collected by Steve Skotnicki. Medium grained, slightly to moderately 2 650 720 Total Q+P+K and total counts 3 34

t-~

35.5 I ----;:-;:: --.~.- --~~-

30.5 9.7 -1---~ %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points i

I I------r-------~~~-r.~---~- R~Easy count, plag is chalky white. Sample coflected by Steve ~-

f--~- ~_~ 4 Payson 104.5 91

I 26 13 J.E.S. I 4/14/1999 Skotnicki. Some K-feldspar is rimmed irregularly by plag and plag-quartz ,

----j-----

69i I Row 2. Easy count, plag is chalky white. Sample collected by Steve

5 Payson 104.5 132 47 17 J.E.S. 4/14/1999 Skotnicki.

I Row 3. Easy count, plag is chalky white. Sample collected by Steve 6 Payson 104.5 24 52 13 9 J.E.S. I 4/14/1999 Skotnicki.

: Row 4. Easy count, plag is chalky white. Sample collected by Steve 7 Payson 104.5 661 117 50 19 J.E.S. 4/14/1999 Skotnicki.

791

! Row 5. Easy count, plag is chalky white. Sample collected by Steve 8 Payson 104.5 113 48 19 J.E.S. I 4/14/1999 Skotnicki.

9 295 505 184 77 +--10 984 1061 Total Q+P+K and total counts --

%""'"

%Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points 11 30.0 51.3 18.7 7.3 ±-I, 4/1411999

Row 1. Slab sprayed with Krylon but still difficult to impossible to distinguish quartz from plagioclase. Sample collected by Steve Skotnicki.

12 McDowell Pass 104.5 25 55 38 9 J.E.S. Equigranular, medium grained.

J.E.S.~/1999 Row 2. Slab sprayed with Krylon but still difficult to impossible to 13 McDowell Pass 104.5 65 70 84 22 distinguish quartz from plagioclase.

i Row 3. Slab sprayed with Krylon but still difficult to impossible to 14 McDowell Pass 104.5 85 97 135 19 J.E.S. ~ 4/14/1999 distinguish quartz from plagioclase.

Row 4. Slab sprayed with Krylon but still difficult to impossible to 15 McDowell Pass 104.5 88 84 96 19 J.E.S. I 4/14/1999 distinguish quartz from plagioclase.

16 263 306 353 69

17 922 991 Total Q+P+K and total counts

18 28.5 33.2 38.3 7.0 ---+ %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

14/20/1999 19 Payson 1 104.5 116 91 29 2 J.E.S. Ca stain. Possibly plag is albite with >10% K.

20 Payson 1 104.5 112 120 24 4 J.E.S. I 4/2011999 Ca stain. Possibly plag is albite with >10% K.

104.5 1 1341 l Row 3. Mostly easy count but some plag has moderate yellow stain and no

Ca stain. Possibly plag is albite with >10% K. Medium grained and 21 Payson 1 92 30 8 J.E.S. ±4/20/1999 equigranular.

22 362 303 83 14 23 748 762

~--i Total Q+P+K and total counts

24 i I 48.4 40.5 11.1 1.8 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

~JSal1l!lle ID Grid Quartz K-feldspar Plagioclase! Mafic Operator Date !Notes ~~~---+-

,"ow 1. 1.48a granite. Big K-feldspar and plag crystals. Chalky white Carefree plagioclase and gray quartz. Easy count. Heterogeneity due to large

25 (Pinnacle Peak) 104.5 70 67 76 25 J.E.S. 4/26/1999 crystal size. ~- ~

~~-

I Row 2. 1.4 Ga granite. Big K-feldspar and plag crystals. Chalky white

Carefree plagioclase and gray quartz. Easy count. Heterogeneity due to large 26 (Pinnacle Peak) 104.5 86 38 84 30 J.E.S. 4/26/1999 crystal size.

i Row 3. 1.4 Ga granite. Big K-feldspar and plag crystals. Chalky white iCarefree I plagioclase and gray quartz. Easy count. Heterogeneity due to large

27 I (Pinnacle Peak) 104.5 59 71 53 21 J.E.S. 4/26/1999 crystal size. i Row 4. 1.4 Ga granite. Big K-feldspar and plag crystals. Chalky white Carefree plagioclase and gray quartz. Easy count. Heterogeneity due to large

28 (Pinnacle Peak) 104.5 59 72 76 31 J.E.S. 4/26/1999 crystal size. 29 274 248 289 107 30 811 918 Total Q+P+K and total counts 31 33.8 30.6! 35.61 11.7 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %KlQ+P+K, %mafic/total points

32 Usery Mountains 104.5 72 54 90 64 J.E.S. 1 4/2711999 plag-quartz distinction, especially small grains. 33 I usery Mountains 104.5 06 69 89 f------60 iTI--'--S. 4/2111999 Row 2. 2-3 cm R-felaspar proauces infiomogeneity. Slight aifficulty with

-.J 34 I usery Mountains 104.5 34 28 139 07 J.t:..S. 4/27/1999 Row 3. 2-3 cm K-felaspar proauces Infiomogeneity. Slight alfficulty with 35 Usery Mountains 104.5 45 136 78 42 J.E.S. 4/27/1999 plag-quartz distinction, especially small grains. 36 207 287 396 229 37 890 1119 Total Q+P+K and total counts

~

38 23.3 32.2 44.5 20.5 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %KlQ+P+K, %mafic/total points

i Fountain Hills Row 1. Plag-quartz distinction difficult for some grains, some error

39 104.5 83 126 58 9 J.E.S. 4/28/1999 introduced. Row 2. Plag-quartz distinction difficult for some grains, some error

40 Fountain Hills 104.5 85 119 57 24 J.E.S. 4/28/1999 introduced.

Row 3. Plag-quartz distinction difficult for some grains, some error 41 Fountain Hills 104.5 55 129 42 9 J.E.S. 4/28/1999 introduced.

Row 4. Plag-quartz distinction difficult for some grains, some error 42 Fountain Hills 104.5 89 132 48 25 J.E.S. 4/28/1999 introduced. 43 312 506 205 67 44 1023 1090 Total Q+P+K and total counts

~~

45 30.5 49.5 20.01 6.1 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %KlQ+P+K, %mafic/total points

10# Sample 10 Grid~r~~t- K-feldspar Plagioclasel Mafic Operator Date Notes

751

- ----- ~ ------~

'Row 1. t-alrly easy count, IV!iIlOfOjfflcultJes dlstlngUlsnlng quartZ Trom plag. 34

1

1

46 Stewart Mountain 104.51 __ ~-J_ 60 J.E.S. ' 4/30/1999 Slight question as to whether masses of sericitic(?) plagioclase(?) should

I 611 : 4/30/1999

Row 2. Fairly easy count, Minor difficulties distinguishing quartz from plag. 47 Stewart Mountain 104.5 671 62 82 J.E.S. Slight question as to whether masses of sericitic(?) plagioclase(?) should

1-Slight question as to whether masses of sericitic(?) plagioclase(?) should

~E.S. i 4/30/1999 48 Stewart Mountain 104.5 681 59 85 be counted as plag or mafic. Most counted as plag, but maybe primary -----+----~-

Row 4~airly easy count, Minor difficulties distinguishing quartz trom plag. i

49 Stewart Mountain 104.5 62 72 73 72 J.E.S. : 4/30/1999 Slight question as to whether masses of sericitic(?) plagioclase(?) should

50 257 253 315 207 I 51 825 1032 Total Q+P+K and total counts

52 31.2 1 30.7 38.2 20.1 +- %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

Stewart Mtn. #2 126[

---t---53 (mafic) 104.5 4 2 87 J.E.S. I 4/3011999

54 93 219

55 4.3 2.2 93.5 57.5 !

I I Might get better numbers (slightly) if sprayed with krylon to make quartz look more transparent and less like mafics (quartz is dark)_ Probably only a

56 4-14-97-6 64 58 0 214 148 J.E.S. J 4/30/1999 very minor factor. 57 272 420 Total Q+P+K and total counts

.-

58 21.3 0 78.7 35.2 1 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

00

Row 1; Plag and quartz difficult to distinguish because K-stain poor. Transparency of quartz vs. milkyness of plag used for distinguishing.

59 Beeline 104.5 86 87 38 48 J.E.S. 4/12/1999 Quartz transparency augmented by spray-on coating.

60 Beeline 104.5 78 94 51 40 J.E.S. 4/12/1999 Row 2

61 Beeline 104.5 61 75 56 30 J.E.S. 4/12/1999 Row 3 I

62 Beeline 104.5 59 65 58 51 J.E.S. i 4/12/1999 Row 4

63 Beeline 284 296 213 132 J.E.S. 12/1/1998 Plag stain weak, some confusion with quartz.

64 568 617 416 301 I ITotal Q+P+K and total counts

I

65 1601 1902 +--_. 66 35.5 38.5 26.0 15.8 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

67 Beeline 104.5 62 63 63 34 --+ S.M.R. ,12/7/1998 row 4; don't count grains wlin about 1.5 cm of edge of slab

68 Beeline 104.5 98 105 104 50 S.M.R. 12/7/1998 row 3

69 Beeline 104.5 104 108 81 51 S.M.R. 12/7/1998 row 2

70 Beeline 104.5 148 172 110 54 S.M.R. 12/7/1998 row 1; includes to edge of slab

71 -t-- 412 448 358 189

72 1218 1407 Total Q+P+K and total counts

73 1 I 33.8 36.8 29.4 13.4 %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K1Q+P+K, %mafic/total points -

10# Sample ID Grid Quartz K-feldspar Plagioclase Mafic Operator-+-_ Date Notes 74 EIOso 104.5 ' 2671 364 307 133 J.E.S. . First sample counted, only total count data recorded ~ ..

938\ 1071 -I~- I .

: Total Q+P+K and total counts 76 28:51~-' 38.8 32.7 12.4

---------+--~---

I %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K!Q+P+K, %mafic/total points

I 1------

Schultze 3-23-98-141\, I 12/2/1998 77 4 73 189 419 47 S.M.R. same sample as U-Pb sample

78 749 796 t Total Q+P+K and total counts 79 18.8 25.2 55.9 5.9 ~ .%Q1Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K. %KlQ+P+K, %m,fiol"",1 poi"~

Schultze 3-23-98-80 3 73, 81 4481 283 991 189 S.M.R. 12/2/1998 SAMPLE LOCATION NOT KNOWN 81 17221 1911 . Total Q+P+K and total counts

82 _ ~6.0L _ _ J..E>.4 57.5 9.9 ! %Q/Q+P+K, %P/Q+P+K, %K!Q+P+K, %mafic/total points - ---------_._- L __ - -.--.-~.-.. -- -_._-- -_.- - - -

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MPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS

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~L SURVEY, DENVER, COLORADO 80225, OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 TOPOGRM'IIIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST

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QUADRANGLE LOCATION

Primary highway, hard surface ...

Secondary highway,

476000m ,E.

ROAD CLASSIFICATION

Light-duty road, hard or improved surface

hard surface, _=~_ ~~ Unimproved road

o Interstate Route 0 U. S. Route 0 State Route

PAYSON NORTH, ARIZ. SE/4 PINE 15' QUADRANGLE

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