Mobility Management Requirements for NGN
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Transcript of Mobility Management Requirements for NGN
Mobility Management Requirements for NGN
Ashutosh Dutta NIKSUN
PrincetonNew Jersey, 08540
Prepared for GISFI #5 IOT - Hyderabad
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Contact: [email protected]
GSIFI #5, June 20 – 22, Hyderabad, India
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What are Characteristics of Next Generation Networks?
• Heterogeneous networks, many access networks– Access-independent converged IP network
• Order-of-magnitude increases in bandwidth– MIMO, smart antennas– Increase in video and other high bandwidth traffic
• New terminals• New services and service enabling platforms• Large range of cell sizes, coverage areas
– PAN, LAN, WAN– Pico-cellular, micro-cellular, cellular
• Changes in traffic and traffic patterns– Rise in video on demand? Requires good high-bandwidth multicast
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Mobile Wireless Internet: A Scenario
802.11a/b/g
BluetoothIPv6Network
UMTS/CDMA Network
InternetDomain1Domain2
UMTS/CDMA
PSTN gateway
Hotspot
CHRoaming User Ad Hoc
Network
PAN
LAN
WAN
WAN
LAN
PSTN
802.11 a/b/g
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Backbone
AdministrativeDomain B
L2 PoA
Corresponding Host
128.59.10.7
IPch
207.3.232.10
210.5.240.10
128.59.11.8
N2N1N1
N2
N1- Network 1 (802.11)N2- Network 2 ( CDMA/GPRS)
ConfigurationAgent
L3 PoA 207.3.232.10
MobileHost
AuthenticationAgent
Authorization Agent
RegistrationAgent
RegistrationAgent
Administrative Domain A
ConfigurationAgent
Authorization Agent
SignalingProxy
AuthenticationAgent
SignalingProxy
Layer 3 PoA
L2 PoA Layer 2 PoA
Layer 2 PoA
L3 PoA
Case Study I - Mobility Illustration in a sample IP-based network
128.59.9.6
L3 PoA
A
BC
D
900 ms media interruption
802.11 802.11
h/o delay900 ms
802.11 802.11
4 Seconds media interruption h/o delay 4 s
Handoff Delay~ 18 s
802.11 CDMA
18 Seconds media interruptionh/o delay18 s
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Case Study II - P-CSCF Fast-handoff Experimental Results
Figure 1: Levels of MMD Optimization
Components Optimized
0 3000 6000 9000 12000
Proactive
Reactive
Non-Optimized
Type
s of H
ando
ff
Time in ms
PPP TerminationLayer 2 DelayPPP ActivationMIP-SolicitationMIP-Binding Update
DHCP TriggerDHCP InformSIP TriggerSIP+Security
Media Redirection
Components Optimized
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Motivation• It is desirable to limit the jitter, delay and packet loss
for VoIP and Streaming traffic– 150 ms end-to-end delay for interactive traffic such as VoIP,
2% packet loss is allowed• Delay due to handoff takes place at several layers
– Layer 2 (handoff between AP), – Layer 3 (IP address acquisition, Configuration) – Authentication, Authorization– Binding Update – Media Redirection
• Rapid handoff will contribute to overall delay and packet loss
• Thus, it is essential to reduce the handoff delay introduced at different layers to provide better QoE to end users
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Objective• Develop Best Current Practices for Mobility
Management in NGN– Applicable to Rural Environment
• Develop general rules of optimization for several handoff functions
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Key Functions Characteristics
Handoff • May take place between cell, subnet or domain• Need to optimize the handoff delay and transient data loss ( e.g., end-to-delay up to 200 ms, 3%-5% packet loss, jitter, for real-time VoIP traffic)• May use soft-handoff feature of CDMA, but need fast-handoff mechanisms for other technologies (e.g., 802.11)• Need to support session based applications for TCP and RTP traffic
Configuration •Should be configured within few milliseconds•Configures IP address and other server parameters (e.g, DNS, SIP server, Gateway)
Registration • Assist pre-session mobility• Hierarchical nature will make the registration faster• Helps location management functionality
Quality of Service
•Need to maintain same QoS during its subnet/domain movement
Location Management
•Allow user to maintain same URI irrespective of point of attachment
Technical issues for mobility management
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Mobility TaxonomyIP Mobility
Personal Terminal Service
ApplicationLayer
NetworkLayer
Session
• Systems Optimization
MIPv4 Cellular IPHAWAIIIDMP MIP-LR MIPV6ProxyMIPv6
SIPMMMIP-LR(M)Proxy
TransportLayer
MSOCKS, MigratemSCTP
Shim Layer
HIP
Issues
• Host controlled vs. Mobile Controlled
• Mobility pattern
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Framework Requirements for Mobility Management • It supports means of personal, service, and terminal mobility• It supports global roaming (e.g., Inter-operator roaming)• It is wireless "technology-independent”
– CDMA, WiFi, LTE• It supports single interface and multi-interface mobility• It supports both real-time and non-real-time multimedia services
– mobile telephony, mobile web access, and mobile data services• It allows a mobile station/user to maintain privacy and confidentiality• It supports multicast and anycast trees efficiently as mobile stations/users
move around– IPv6, IPTV
• It provides Secure Signaling for the mobile users• It interworks smoothly with PSTN and today's 1G/2G wireless telephony to
facilitate interworking of new operators' all IP platforms
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Mobility Functions • Handoff
– Need to support Cell, Subnet and Domain– Need to support Hard handoff, Soft Handoff– Ensure the integrity, privacy and confidentiality of user’s information– All three hand-off processes ensure service mobility
• Maintain QoS of the ongoing sessions• Ensure that the mobile has access to all of its subscribed network
services and features– Domain hand-off latency should include AAA interaction– Domain handoff should not exceed MAHT to ensure continuity of real-
time sessions– Need to support both TCP and RTP/UDP protocols
• Registration– Supports complete registration for domain handoff - AAA– Supports partial registration for subnet handoff– Supports hierarchical registration when the user is far away
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Mobility Functions (contd.) • Configuration
– Should not take more than a few hundred milli-seconds – Should update DNS to reflect the current address to
name mapping (Dynamic DNS)• Dynamic Address Binding
– Allows a user to maintain a universal identifier (e.g., SIP URI) regardless of its point of attachment to the network
• Location Management– Should be accurate, up-to-date– Should only be disclosed to authorized users and
relevant users
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Mobility Optimization• Use of cross layer triggers to expedite handoff
operations– Layer 2 assisted fast-handoff
• Policy-based mobility management– Use the optimized protocol suitable for a specific application
• SIP for real-time, MIP for Non-real-time
• Pre-authentication, Pre-configuration to reduce the handoff time
• Parallelize among handoff functions– Layer 3 discovery while doing layer 2 discovery
• Proactive Discovery of Networks– IEEE 802.21
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Next Steps
• Deployment case studies with mobility protocols (e.g., Network layer, application layer)
• Best Current Practices for mobility optimization
• Familiarize with other SDOs (e.g., IETF)
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MobilityEvent
Network discovery &selection
Networkattachment
Configuration Securityassociation
Bindingupdate
Mediareroute
Channeldiscovery L2
association
Routersolicitation
DomainAdvertisement
Identifieracquisition
DuplicateAddressDetection
AddressResolution
Authentication(L2 and L3)
Keyderivation
Identifierupdate
Identifiermapping
Bindingcache
Tunneling
Buffering
Forwarding
Bi-casting/Multicasting
Serverdiscovery
IdentifierVerification
Subnetdiscovery
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
P11
P13
P12
P21
P22
P23
P31
P32
P33 P41
P42P51
P52
P53
P54
P61 P62
P63
P64
System decomposition of mobility event
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Use Case: Cross layer and multiple interfaces
Network
Type
SSID/ Cell ID
BSSID
Operator
Security
NW
Channel
QoS
Physical Layer
Data
Rate
GSM
13989
N/A
AT&T
NA NA 1900
N/A
N/A 9.6 kbps
802.16d
NA
NA
T-Mobile
PKM
EAP-PEA
P
11
Yes
OFDM
40 Mbp
s
Wakeup WLANDownload over WLANShutdown GPS
CaféAirport
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6
Zone 7 Zone 9
Wi-Fi
Wi-MAX
WLAN Link Going Down.
Switch to WiMAXDownload over WiMAXShutdown WLANWakeup GPS Zone 8
Wi-Fi
Connect to WLAN
Battery level lowShutdown WiMAXDownload over GSM/GPRS
Wakeup WLAN
Wi-MAX
Shutdown GPSStart Download over WLAN
Network Type
SSID/ Cell ID
BSSID Operator Security NW Channel QoS Physical Layer
Data Rate
GSM 13989 N/A AT&T NA NA 1900 N/A N/A 9.6 kbps
Network Type
SSID/ Cell ID
BSSID Operator Security NW Channel QoS Physical Layer
Data Rate
GSM 13989 N/A AT&T NA NA 1900 N/A N/A 9.6 kbps
802.11b Café 00:00:… Café .11i EAP-PEAP
6 .11e OFDM 11 Mbps
Network Type
SSID/ Cell ID
BSSID Operator Security EAP Type
Channel QoS Physical Layer
Data Rate
GSM 13989 N/A AT&T NA NA 1900 N/A N/A 9.6 Kbps
802.11b Airport 00:00:… Airport .11i EAP-PEAP
6 .11e OFDM 11 Mbps
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio State
GSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
Radio StateGSM
WLAN
WiMAX
GPS
IEEE 802.21 and MP Enabled Seamless Mobility Deployment Scenario
Courtesy: IEEE 802.21 chair
Personal Mobility: Registration
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
registrar
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
registrar
• When lady in red moves, she– leaves her laptop behind– Uses another machine– Logs in
• User registration performed
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Personal Mobility: simultaneous registration of multiple bindings
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
Registrar& proxy
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
Subnet 2• When lady in red moves, she– leaves her laptop behind– Uses another machine
• She can still be located
[email protected]@subnet2.org
Registrar& proxy
[email protected]@subnet2.org
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Session Mobility
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
MH
Subnet 2
IP-based Network
CH
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
INVITE2
BYE
3REFE
R
1
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Service Mobility• Service Mobility allows a roaming user to get the same view of
the network as when he is at home• At the time of registration
–User’s service profile is retrieved from the home network–The service profile is shared with the responsible entity at
home and in the foreign network (wholly or partially)• The foreign network provides some of the service required• The home network still retains responsibility for other services• Examples of entries in the profile of interest may be address
book, call handling features, buddy lists, etc.
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