MOBILE VIDEO WITH MOBILE IPv6

DANIEL MINOLI

©WILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

CONTENTS

PREFACE xi

ABOUT THE AUTHOR xiii

1 THE MOBILE USER ENVIRONMENT: SMART PHONES, PORTABLE MEDIA PLAYERS (PMPs), AND TABLETS 1

1.1 Introduction / 1

1.2 Basic MIPv6 Operation / 3 1.3 Entertainment Video Trends / 10 1.4 Scope of Investigation / 14 Appendix 1.1 A: Statistics / 15 Appendix LIB: Bibliography / 16 References / 18

2 IPv6 BASICS 19

2.1 Overview and Motivations / 19 2.2 Address Capabilities / 23

2.2.1 IPv4 Addressing and Issues / 23 2.2.2 IPv6 Address Space / 24

2.3 IPv6 Protocol Overview / 29 2.4 IPv6 Tunneling / 37

2.5 IPsec in IPv6 / 40 2.6 Header Compression Schemes / 40

vii

VIII CONTENTS

2.7 Quality of Service In IPv6 / 44 2.8 Migration Strategies to IPv6 / 45

2.8.1 Technical Approaches / 45 2.8.2 Residential Broadband Services in an IPv6 Environment / 48 2.8.3 Deployment Opportunities / 50

References / 53

3 MOBILE IPv6 MECHANISMS

3.1 Overview / 55

3.2 Protocol Details / 63 3.2.1 Generic Mechanisms / 63 3.2.2 New IPv6 Protocol, Message Types, and Destination

Option / 67 3.2.3 Modifications to IPv6 Neighbor Discovery / 74

3.2.4 Requirements for Various IPv6 Nodes / 74 3.2.5 Correspondent Node Operation / 77 3.2.6 Home Agent Node Operation / 82 3.2.7 Mobile Node Operation / 82 3.2.8 Relationship to IPV4 Mobile IPv4 / 86

References / 88

4 ADVANCED FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS OF MIPv6-RELATED PROTOCOLS—PART 1

4.1 Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol / 89 4.2 Mobile IPv6 Fast Handovers / 94

4.2.1 General Approach / 94

4.2.2 3G Networks Approach / 102 4.3 Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration / 104

4.3.1 Overview / 104

4.3.2 MIPv6 Extensions / 105 4.4 Mobile Node Identifier Option for MIPv6 / 106 4.5 Mobile IPv6 Management Information Base / 107 4.6 Sockets API For Mobile IPv6 / 109 References / 1 1 1

5 ADVANCED FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS OF MIPV6-RELATED PROTOCOLS—PART 2

5.1 Dual-Stack MIPv6 / 112 5.2 Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 / 116 5.3 Flow Bindings in Mobile IPv6 and NEMO / 119 5.4 Multihoming Approaches in NEMO / 122

CONTENTS

5.5 Bootstrapping MIPvö Information / 127 5.5.1 Basic Approach / 128 5.5.2 Mobile IPv6 Bootstrapping in Split Scenario / 128

5.6 Diameter Mobile IPv6 / 132 5.6.1 RFC 5447—Authentication Using AAA Infrastructures / 132 5.6.2 RFC 5778—Authentication Using the Internet Key

Exchange v2 / 134 5.7 Miscellaneous MIPv6 Capabilities / 137

5.7.1 Mobile IPv6 Vendor Specific Option / 137

5.7.2 MIPv6 Experimental Messages / 137 5.7.3 Service Selection for MIPv6 / 138

References / 139

PROXY MOBILE IPv6

6.1 Basic Proxy Mechanisms / 144 6.1.1 Proxy Mobile IPv6 Protocol Overview / 145 6.1.2 Signaling Call Flow / 147

6.1.3 PM IPv6 Protocol Security / 149 6.1.4 Messages / 149 6.1.5 Operations / 150 6.1.6 Summary / 153

6.2 Transient Binding / 153

6.2.1 Overview / 153

6.2.2 Use of Transient Binding Cache Entries / 155. 6.3 Local Mobility Anchor Discovery / 156 6.4 Localized Routing/Direct Routing / 157 6.5 IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 / 159

6.5.1 Overview / 159

6.5.2 IPv4 Home Address Mobility Support / 162 6.5.3 IPv4 Transport Support / 164 6.5.4 Localized Routing IPv4 Considerations / 166

Appendix 6A: Network-Based Localized Mobility Management / 167 6A.1 Background / 167 6A.2 The Local Mobility Problem / 168

References / 171

SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR MIPv6

7.1 Using IPsec to Protect MIPv6 Signaling Between Mobile Nodes and Home Agents / 173 7.1.1 Pay load Packets / 174 7.1.2 Required Capabilities / 175

X CONTENTS

7.2 MIPvö Operation with IKEv2 and Revised IPsec Architecture / 176 7.2.1 Packet Formats / 176 7.2.2 Requirements / 176

7.3 Securing Mobile IPv6 Route Optimization Using a Static Shared Key / 181

7.4 Enhanced Security in Route Optimization / 182

7.5 Mobile IPv6 and Firewalls / 185 7.6 Non-IPsec Authentication Protocol For MIPv6 / 185

7.7 IP Address Location Privacy / 186 7.8 Use of Secure Neighbor Discovery / 187

7.9 Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting in MIPv6 / 188 7.10 Diameter Proxy Mobile IPv6 Approaches / 188 References / 189

8 MOBILE VIDEO AND VIDEO STREAMING SERVICES 190

8.1 Overview / 190

8.1.1 Quality of Experience Aspects / 195 8.1.2 QoS Aspects / 204

8.2 3/4G Services and Video Applications / 208

8.2.1 IETF IPv4/Mobile IPv4/IPv6 / 209 8.2.2 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System / 209 8.2.3 Long Term Evolution / 210

8.3 Streaming Protocols and Approaches / 223 8.3.1 Streaming / 223 8.3.2 Content Distribution Networks / 234 8.3.3 P2P Networks / 235 8.3.4 Cloud Computing / 236

8.4 MIPv6 Support in CDMA2000/WiMAX Video Environments / 238 8.5 Other Mobile Video Approaches / 240

8.5.1 ETSI Digital Video Broadcast Handheld / 240 8.5.2 Open Mobile Video Coalition Mobile Digital TV / 245

References / 252

GLOSSARY

INDEX

255

273