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Transcript of MOBILE IP SOMULATION IN NS2 Presenter: 吳寶緣. Outlines Overview Hierarchical Address Format ...
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MOBILE IP SOMULATION IN NS2
Presenter:吳寶緣
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Outlines
Overview Hierarchical Address Format Hierarchical Address Format-ex MoblieIP Demo Additional Number of Node feature Additional Movement of Node feature Problems & Solutions
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Overview
Multicast Address Format Of the higher bits, 1 bit is assigned for multicast. Address Space
32 bits for node id and 32 bits for port id, also ~ns/tcl/lib/ns-address.tcl
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Hierarchical Address Format
Default levels, 3 levels – (10, 11, 11) bits (9, 11, 11) bits for multicast
$ns set-address-format hierarchical Specific hierarchical setting
For example:$ns set-address-format hierarchical 2 8 15
Splits into 2 levels, first level and second level are 8 and 15 bits, respectively
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Hierarchical Address Format-ex -
set ns [new Simulator] $ns set-address-format hierarchical $ns node-config -addressType hierarchical
- AddParams set domain_num_ 2 AddParams set cluster_num_ 2 1 AddParams set nodes_num_ 1 1 4
W(0)
W(1)
BS(0)
node_(1)node_(0)
node_(2)
domain 0
domain 1
cluster 0
cluster 1
cluster 0
0,0,0
0,1,0
1,0,0
1,0,1 1,0,2
1,0,3
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CHAPTER 16MOBILE AND WIRELESS NETWORK SIMULATION
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Outlines
Extend NS to support mobile and wireless application: Internal Implementation
Use NS to simulate wireless network Feature summary
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Abstract the real mobile world for simulation
Node Packets Wireless channel and channel access Forwarding and routing Radio propagation model Trace/Visualization Event scheduler to make everything
running
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Network Components inside a mobilenode
Link Layer ARP Interface Queue Mac Layer: IEEE 802.11 Network Interface Radio Propagation Model
Friss-space attenuation(1/ ) at near distance
Two ray Ground (1/ ) at far distance
2r4r
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Implementing mobile node by Extending “standard” NS node
Classifier:Forwarding
Agent: Protocol Entity
Node Entry
Node
ARP
Radio Propagation Model
MobileNode
LL
MAC
PHY
LL
CHANNEL
LL
MAC
LL:Link layer object
IFQ:Interface queue
MAC:Mac object
PHY PHY:Net interface
Routing
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Mobilenode Object
Implemented in C++
The mobility features node movement periodic position
updates maintaining topology
boundary etc
implemented in Otcl
MobileNode itself Classifiers Dmux LL Mac Channel etc
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Outlines
Extend NS to support mobile and wireless application: Internal implementation
Use NS to simulate wireless network Feature summary
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A mobile node abstraction
Location coordinates (x,y,z)
Movement speed,direction, starting/ending
location,time ... Forwarding Network stack for channel access
IEEE 802.11
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Creating Node movements Start position:
$node set X_ <x1> $node set Y_ <y1> $node set Z_ <z1>
Future destinations: $ns at $time $node setdest <x2> <y2>
<speed> Ex:
ns at 3.0 "$node (0) setdest 48.0 38.0 5.0 the third dimension (Z) is not used.
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Creating Node movements random movement
$mobilenode start Set topology
set topo [new Topography] $topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)
opt(x) and opt(y) are the boundaries used in simulation
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Network Components in a mobilenode
MobileNode method add-interface() in ~ns/tcl/lib/ns-mobilenode.tcl
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MAC layer protocols
802.11MAC protocol See ~ns/mac-802_11.{cc,h} for implementation details.
Preamble based TDMA protocol See ~ ~ns/mac-tdma.{cc,h} ns supports a single hop, preamble-based TDMA MAC
protocol multi-hop environment are not considered TDMA frame contains
preamble data transmission slots
avoid unnecessary power consumption set_node_sleep().
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Routing Agents
DSDV messages are exchanged between neighbouring
mobilenodes ~ns/dsdv directory and ~ns/tcl/mobility/dsdv.tc
DSR checks every data packet for source-route
information. X-Routing queries
~ns/tcl/mobility/dsr.tcl TORA
ns/tora directory and ns/tcl/mobility/tora.tcl AODV
ns/aodv and ns/tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl
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A simple wireless simulation(1)
Scenario containing 3 mobile nodes moving within 670mX670m flat
topology using DSDV ad hoc routing protocol Random Waypoint mobility model TCP and CBR traffic See:
ns-2/tcl/ex/wireless-demo-csci694.tcl
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A simple wireless simulation(2)
set ns_ [new Simulator] ; create a ns simulator instance
#Define Global Variables
set topo [new Topography] ; create a topology and
$topo load_flatgrid 670 670 ; define it in 670x670 area
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A simple wireless simulation (3)
#Define standard ns/nam trace
set tracefd [open 694demo.tr w]
$ns_ trace-all $tracefd
set namtrace [open 694demo.nam w]
$ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace 670 670
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A simple wireless simulation (4)
#Create “God”
set god_ [create-god 3]
• God is used to store an array of the shortest number of hops required to reach from one node to an other. •For example:•$ns_ at 899.00 “$god_ setdist 2 3 1”
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A simple wireless simulation (5)
#Define how a mobile node should be created $ns_ node-config -adhocRouting DSDV\
-llType LL \ -macType Mac/802_11\ -ifqLen 50 \ -ifqType Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \ -antType Antenna/OmniAntenna \ -propType Propagation/TwoRayGround \ -phyType Phy/WirelessPhy \ -channelType Channel/WirelessChannel \ -topoInstance $topo -agentTrace ON \ -routerTrace OFF \ -macTrace OFF
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A simple wireless simulation (6)
#Create a mobile node and attach it to the channel
set node [$ns_ node]$node random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion
– Use “for loop” to create 3 nodes:
for {set i < 0} {$i<3} {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns_ node]
}
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A simple wireless example(7)
#Define traffic model
source traffic-scenario-files
#Define node movement model
source movement-scenario-files
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A simple wireless example(8)
#Define node initial position in nam
for {set i 0} {$i < 3 } { incr i} {$ns_ initial_node_position $node_($i) 20
}
#Tell ns/nam the simulation stop time
$ns_ at 200.0 “$ns_ nam-end-wireless 200.00”$ns_ at 200.00 “$ns_ halt”
#Start your simulation $ns_ run
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Wireless Scenario Generator(1) Mobile Movement Generator
./setdest -n <num_of_nodes> -p pausetime -s <maxspeed> -t <simtime> -x <maxx> -y <maxy>
See an example Random movement
$mobilenode startSource: See
ns-2/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/setdest/
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Wireless Scenario Generator(2)
Generating traffic pattern files CBR trafficns cbrgen.tcl [-type cbf|tcp] [-nn
nodes] [-seed seed] [-mc connections] [-rate rate]
TCP trafficns tcpgen.tcl [-nn nodes] [-seed seed]See an example Source: See ns-2/indep-utils/cmu-scen-
gen/
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Sensor Node extension
Node is energy-aware Define node by adding new options:$ns_ node-config -energyModel
EnergyModel -initialEnergy 100.0
-txPower 0.6 -rxPower 0.2
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Demo
Wireless-demo-csci694.tcl
MobleIP.tcl
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Outlines
Extend NS to support mobile and wireless application: Internal implementation
Use NS to simulate wireless network Feature summary
![Page 32: MOBILE IP SOMULATION IN NS2 Presenter: 吳寶緣. Outlines Overview Hierarchical Address Format Hierarchical Address Format-ex MoblieIP Demo Additional.](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013122/56649eb35503460f94bba37c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Feature summary
Creating Wireless Node Mac Layer: IEEE 802.11,TDMA Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Ad hoc routing protocols: DSDV, DSR,TORA,
AODV Radio Propagation Model
Friss-space attenuation at near distances Two ray ground at far distances
Antenna: an omni-directional antenna having unity gain
Scenario generator for traffic and node movement
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THE END
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Appendix A: Movement file
$node_(2) set Z_ 0.000000000000
$node_(2) set Y_ 199.373306816804
$node_(2) set X_ 591.256560093833
$node_(1) set Z_ 0.000000000000
$node_(1) set Y_ 345.357731779204
$node_(1) set X_ 257.046298323157
$node_(0) set Z_ 0.000000000000
$node_(0) set Y_ 239.438009831261
$node_(0) set X_ 83.364418416244
$ns_ at 50.000000000000 "$node_(2) setdest 369.463244915743 170.519203111152 3.371785899154"
$ns_ at 51.000000000000 "$node_(1) setdest 221.826585497093 80.855495003839 14.909259208114"
$ns_ at 33.000000000000 "$node_(0) setdest 89.663708107313 283.494644426442 19.153832288917"
Movement scenario generatorcd ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/setdest
./setdest -n 3 -p 2.0 -s 20.0 -t 300 -x 670 -y 670 > pattern-file
Num-of-nodes Pause-time Max-speed Sim-time Topo-boundary
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Appendix B: Traffic Scenario
set udp_(0) [new Agent/UDP]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $udp_(0)
set null_(0) [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $null_(0)
set cbr_(0) [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr_(0) set packetSize_ 512
$cbr_(0) set interval_ 4.0
$cbr_(0) set random_ 1
$cbr_(0) set maxpkts_ 10000
$cbr_(0) attach-agent $udp_(0)
$ns_ connect $udp_(0) $null_(0)
$ns_ at 127.93667922166023 "$cbr_(0) start"
…….
Traffic scenario generatorns cbrgen.tcl -type tcp -nn 25 -seed 0.0 -mc 8 > pattern-file
ns cbrgen.tcl -type cbr -nn 10 -seed 1.0 -mc 8 -rate 4.0 > pattern-
fileCBR-or-TCP Num-of-nodes Random-seed Max-connection CBR-rate