Mo hinh tat dinh
Transcript of Mo hinh tat dinh
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M HNH TT
NHNhm thc hin :2.L Thy Hng 0521006
3.Nguyn Th Nh Nguyt 05210134.Bi Th Ngc Oanh 05210145.Mc Th Quyn 05210156.Dng Qunh Hng 05210277.Trn Th Kh 0521030
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Chuyn Hi Dng
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NI DUNG
GII THIU CHUNG V M HNH TT NH: M HNH NHN THC MA DNG CHY MT S NG DNG CA M HNH MIKE
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GII THIU CHUNG V M HNH TT NH:
Trn th gii cc m hnh thy ng lc hc 2 chiu ma -dng chy m phng qu trnh dng chy trn sn dc,dng chy thm, dng chy trong tng t bo ho v khng
bo ho c th k n cc cng trnh nghin cu M hnh thy ng lc v ma - dng chy: kt hp m
hnh thy ng lc hc ma - dng chy 1 chiu s dng phng php phn t hu hn m t s chuyn ng cadng chy sn dc, trong sng di tc dng ca trng lcv phng php SCS (C quan bo v th nhng Hoa k)
th hin mi quan h v ma - dng chy ph hp viiu kin t nhin v s liu thc t i vi cc lu vcsng va v nh nc ta
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M hnh phn t hu hn sng ng hc 1 chiu
m phng dng chy sn dc v trong sng:Phng php phn t hu hn 1 chiu ng dngtrong tnh ton dng chy sn dc ca lu vcsng .
Phng php SCS tnh lng ma sinh dng chyc p dng trong m hnh nghin cu trn cs s liu a hnh, th nhng v s dng t.
M hnh tt nh bao gm 3 loi:
M hnh hp enM hnh hp trng (m hnh thy lc)M hnh hp xm (m hnh nhn thc)
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M hnh hp en: M hnh hp en l mt h thng m thng tin c sn v h
thng l khng c.Trong m hnh ny, ta xem lng ma lu lng
tuyn trn nh l hm vo. Lu lng mt ctca ra nh l hm ra. ng tp trung ncxem l hm chuyn ha.
M hnh hp en ch yu c s dng i tmnh hng ca h thng nh: lu vc sng hocon sng thng qua lng vo v ra thc o.
M hnh cha ch n bn cht vt l cahin tng.
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M hnh hp xmTrong m hnh hp en, ta khng bit thng
tin cha bn trong h thng. M hnh nhnthc xt ti mt s qu trnh vt l bntrong thy vn nh qu trnh ma, qu trnhthm, qu trnh bc hi
Trong tnh ton d bo l, m hnh Ssarr,Tank, Marine, Nam c ng dng rng ri,ngy cng pht trin thm nhm nng caocht lng cng tc d bo.
M hnh Tank, Nam cn c gi l m hnhma dng chy.
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M hnh hp trng:M hnh hp trng (hay cn gi l hp gng (glass box,
clear box)) l mt h thng m mi thng tin cn thit uc sn.
M hnh ny gii phng trnh Saint Venantdng khng n nh trong sng, knh theo
nhiu chiu, khng ti hoc c ti v xt ncc qu trnh thy vn trong h thng nghincu
Mt s m hnh gii thnh cng nhiu bi
ton thy vn nh: Vrsap, Kod, HydroGis,Sogreah, Mike
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M HNH NHN THC MA DNGCHY:
M hnh nhn thc l loi m hnh m t qutrnh hnh thnh dng chy bng phng phpton hc, da trn nhng hiu bit ca conngi v qu trnh .
m hnh nhn thc xt ti mt s qu trnh
vt l bn trong cu trc ca h thng thy vnnh qu trnh ma, qu trnh thm, bc hi, ginc ca thm thc vt, c ngha l xt nmt s qu trnh c l ca dng chy din ra
trong lu vc sng. Gm c m hnh n v kp.
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M hnh TOP: M hnh TOP (Topography Model) do gio s Mike
Kirkby thuc trng i hc a l Leeds phttrin vo nm 1974 di s bo tr ca Hi ngnghin cu mi trng thin nhin Vng qucAnh. Nm 1975, Keith Beven bt u xy dng
chng trnh TOPMODEL bng ngn ng FortranIV. L m hnh nhn thc ma dng chy, hot
ng da trn cc m t gn ng ca thy vn,
thy lc. m phng bng cc hm s v sdng t thng s nht c th nh gi tr cchm s ny.
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M hnh s tr thy ng lc hc:
L mt m hnh thy vn m t tnh cht vt lca dng chy. Cc m hnh ton v ma dngchy c kh nng tnh ton v d bo dngchy l t lng ma thc o hoc lng mac d bo thng qua cc m hnh s tr thyng lc hc, gp phn lm gim nh thin taigy ra l lt.
Tt c cc m hnh trn ch tha tnh cht l mhnh nhn thc, vn cha tha m hnh ma ro
dng chy.
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MT S NG DNG CA M HNHMIKE:
Vi nt v m hnh: Pht trin v ng dng m hnh ton trong quy hoch vqun l ti nguyn nc, c ch tp trung pht trintrong sut bn thp k qua. Rt nhiu m hnh ton c
pht trin trong lnh vc qun l ti nguyn nc vi phmvi ng dng rng ri trn ton th gii. Trong s m hnhthu ng lc hc mt 1 chiu MIKE.
M hnh thu ng lc hc mt 1 chiu MIKE 11, thuc hthng m hnh ton thng mi MIKE do Vin Thu lc
an Mch pht trin, hin l mt m hnh tin phong vinhiu ng dng thnh cng trn th gii.
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M hnh MIKE 11 l loi m hnh ton, s dng phngtrnh St. Venant, m phng dng chy trong sng, linkt vi vng ngp l. MIKE 11 c mt s u im nitri so vi cc m hnh khc nh:
- Lin kt vi GIS.- Kt ni vi cc m hnh thnh phn khc ca b MIKEv d nh m hnh ma ro-dng chy NAM, m hnhthu ng lc hc 2 chiu MIKE 21, m hnh dng chync di t, dng chy trn b mt v dng bc thothi thm ph (MIKE SHE).
- Tnh ton chuyn ti cht khuych tn.- Vn hnh cng trnh.- Tnh ton qu trnh ph dng
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M phng thy lc sng Si Gn-ng Nai: H lu sng Si Gn - ng Nai l mt trong
nhng lu vc sng ln ca Vit Nam, nm tridi qua cc tnh thnh ph ng Nai, BnhDng, thnh ph H Ch Minh.
p dng m hnh Mike 11 tnh ton thu lc hlu sng Si Gn - ng Nai, mt h thng sngchu nh hng triu l ch yu. M hnh thy lcMike 11 da trn h phng trnh Saint - Venantmt chiu, vic p dng m hnh cho php tnh
ton, d bo mc nc, lu lng nhm phc vtnh ton cc c trng khc nh lan truyn cht nhim, tnh l, truyn mn....
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M phng thy lc sng ng Nai nhm tnhton ch thu lc phc v cc nghincu tip theo v cc vn nh truyn mn,lan truyn cht nhim, d bo ngp lt, d
bo thu vn. Bc u ta p dng m hnh Mike 11 phn
thu lc tnh ton mc nc v lu lng.
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a. C s l thuyt Dng Chy Mt Chiu:
- Cc phng trnh c bn:Khi nghin cu c tnh dng nc, vn dinbin dng sng cng nh qui hoch v thit kcc cng trnh thu li, giao thng, u phi
xut pht trn c s tnh ton cc c trngthu vn thu lc ca dng sng. H phngtrnh c bn ca dng khng n nh doSaintVenant a ra.
Phng trnh lin tc
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b. Kt qu tnh ton v phn tch:
M phng mc nc v lu lng cho vng SngSi Gn - ng Nai:* Cc s liu u vo cho m hnh: Bn a hnh khu vc tnh ton: Theo h to
a l hay UTM. S liu mt ct ngang sng. Cc iu kin ban u v bin: Mc nc, lu
lng theo gi. H s nhm cho m hnh (chn v hiu chnh ).
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* Cc bc thc hin: Tin hnh trn modul River Network to
mng li sng, knh. Tip theo modul Cross Section to cc mt
ct ngang sng. Module Boundary to iu kin bin. V module HD nhp cc thng s thu lc. Sau m module Simualation qun l cc
modul trn v chy m phng.
Thc hin chy m hnh Mike11 cho on sngnhnh ng Nai t trm thu vn Bin Ho nhp lu sng Si Gn, vi on t trm thu vn
Th Du Mt, n Nh B. 18
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- Module Cross Section.T module River Network t cc mt ct ngang
vo cc nt, ti v tr c xc nh (vi sliu mt ct l khong cch cng dn v su).
Sau khi nhp tt c cc mt ct, tnh ton cho
cc mt ct- Module Boundary condition: Hai bin mc nc trn thng ngun ti Th
Du Mt v Bin Ho, bin lu lng hay mc
nc ti Nh B. Vi cc file iu kin bin c to bng moduleTime series, ta biu din iu kin bin v mcnc. 19
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- Module hydrodynamic (HD):
Cng t modul mng li sng ta thm cc iukin ban u, cc thng s m hnh nh h sManing c th nh sau:
H s Maning (chn t 30 65)
iu kin ban u : Mc nc = 0 v lu lng= 0. Sau khi t cc thng s v cc iu kin
bin, chng ta quay tr v module Simualation
t thi gian m phng v cc thng s cnthit. Bc thi gian tnh ton l 10s, chy cho30 ngy ca thng 4/2003.
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c. So snh kt qu tnh ton v s liu thc o:
- Mt s nhn xt:
Vi cc thng s m hnh chn nh trn th sliu tnh ton mc nc v lu lng c chnhxc kh cao (theo kt qu so snh t ngy18/4/03 n ngy 20/4/03.
Kt qu kh tt trong qu trnh mc nc t thpln cao v xung, tuy nhin cc nh v chnth chnh xc thp hn.
Sai s gia mc nc tnh ton v thc nh sau:
sai s trung bnh: 40 cm; sai s ln nht l:16cm. H s xc nh: R2= 0.9703.
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Sai s gia lu lng tnh ton v thc o nhsau: sai s trung bnh: 400 m3/s; sai s ln nht:
1400 m3
/s. H s xc nh: R2
= 0.8985. Trongnghin cu ny, s liu lu lng thc o ch idin cho 1 im gn b v c tnh ton t sliu vn tc o bng cc quay, nn vic so snhs liu kh t chnh xc cao.
Trong tnh ton trn, vi h s Maning cchn l M = 36, th mc nc v lu lng tnhton c pha bin i gn vi thc t, nhng sais v bin cn kh ln. Vi h s Maning
c chn l M =50, th mc nc tnh ton(hnh 9a) c chnh xc cao hn (sai s Max =24cm). S liu tnh ton lu lng c sai s lnhn, nht l i vi cc nh. 22
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Kt qu nghin cu bc u cho thy cn chn mt h sManing chung cho c mc nc v lu lng. Nu khng,
phi chn Maning theo 2 tng khc nhau th mi c th hiuchnh c c chnh xc cao hn.
Cn c s liu o c chnh xc bng my ADCP v CTD[1] hiu chnh cc thng s m hnh nhm t tin cy
cao. Cc kt qu tnh ton ca MIKE 11 c th s dng tip theo
trong cc nghin cu khc nh lan truyn cht nhim, dbo thy vn trn sng Si Gn - ng Nai, hoc m rng
cho cc h thng sng khc.
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MT S NG DNG KHC CA MHNH MA DNG CHY
M hnh ha lng ma v dng chy s dngm hnh HEC-HMS SMA. Trng hp c th tilu vc sng Cn L, tnh Bnh Phc.
D bo l cho cc sng ln min Trung M hnh d bo l trn sng Ha Bnh: Bi ton d bo, cnh bo l vt thit k h
cha va v nh m bo an ton h cha
Quy hoch v qun l ngun nc sng Hng
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TI LIU THAM KHOTi liu nghip v d bo vin kh tng thy
vn Trung tm d bo kh tng thy vntrung ng
http://gralib.hcmuns.edu.vn/greenstonelib/library?e=d-000-00---0bckh2006--00-0-0--0prompt-10---4------0-1l--1-vi-50---20-about---00031-001-1-0utfZz-8-z&cl=CL1.6&d=HASH8d178687949a002bc943
e0&x=1 http://www.vncold.vn/Modules/CMS/Upload/11/
PhatTrienNguonNuoc/28_01_2008/HoiThaoMienBac_1_2.pdf
http://www rrbo org vn/default aspx?tabid=39
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