MLA DOCUMENTATION In-Text Citations and Works Cited Gavilan College Writing Center.
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Transcript of MLA DOCUMENTATION In-Text Citations and Works Cited Gavilan College Writing Center.
OVERVIEW
• Documentation• In-text citations• Research databases• Works cited• Resources
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DOCUMENTATION
• What is documentation?• Why, what, and when do I document?• Style Guides
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DOCUMENTATION What is Documentation?Documentation gives an author or resource credit for original information. Documentation of a paper includes two parts:
• Citations: These are “in-text”, meaning in body of your paper. When you present information, you briefly identify its source.
• Works Cited: On a separate page at the end of your paper, you write a detailed list of the sources cited in your paper.
The in-text citations and works cited should document the exact same sources.
DOCUMENTATION Why, What, and When Do I Document?
Why? • Give authors credit for their ideas
• Avoid plagiarism
• Increase credibility and transparency
• Help your readers focus on your ideas
What? • Any information that you learned from another source including facts, statistics, opinions, theories, photographs, and charts
• EXCEPTION: Information that is common knowledge
• Barack Obama is the president of the United States.
• The Declaration of Independence was signed July 4, 1776.
When? Cite sources immediately after mentioning their information in any way (quotations, summaries, paraphrases).
DOCUMENTATION Styles GuidesDifferent professional communities use different style guides, that include rules for documentation, organization, style, and formatting.
Ask your teachers which guide they want you to use.
Modern Language Association (MLA) Style Guide
English Studies - Language and LiteratureForeign Language and Literatures
American Psychological Association (APA) Style Guide
Social SciencesNursing
Chicago Style Guide
Literature, history, and the artsSciencesSocial sciences
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
MLA uses parenthetical, in-text citations• Author and page number• Title and page number• Page number only• No page number available
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IN-TEXT CITATIONS
Author and Page NumberREQUIRED INFORMATION• Author’s last name and page number (or range of pages)
in parenthesis.
EXAMPLE
Symbolic reasoning helped the brain evolve quickly through the development of words and language (Medina 34).
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IN-TEXT CITATIONS
Title and Page NumberREQUIRED INFORMATION
When there is no author identified, use the first few words of the title and page number in parenthesis.
EXAMPLE
By 2004, ten nations were expected to join the fifteen that comprised the European Union (“The World Almanac” 202).
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IN-TEXT CITATIONS
Page Number OnlyREQUIRED INFORMATION
When the author is identified within the text, include the page number only in parenthesis.
EXAMPLE
In Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School, John Medina identifies the “nap zone” as a period of time in the mid-afternoon when humans naturally feel sleepy (159).
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IN-TEXT CITATIONS
No Page Number AvailableREQUIRED INFORMATION
When a resource doesn’t use page numbers, identify the work by author’s last name or title in parenthesis.
EXAMPLE - eBook
Humans rationalize their bad behavior to fool themselves into thinking it is acceptable (Rosenberg, ch. 2).
EXAMPLE – scholarly article accessed electronically
The brain’s ability to conserve energy allows it to outperform robotic technology (Sejnowski).
EXAMPLE - webpage
San Benito Junior College opened its doors in 1919 and became Gavilan Community College in 1966 (“History”).
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IN-TEXT CITATIONS
Let’s Practice!Below are the Works Cited entry for John Medina’s Brain Rules and two sentences you included in your paper which refer to his ideas. Show how you would correctly cite this information.
Medina, John. Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School. Seattle: Pear Press, 2008. Print.
From page 85:
From page 240:
Although people often claim they multitask, the human brain can only do one thing at a time (Medina 85).Although people often claim they multitask, the human brain can only do one thing at a time.
Medina claims that “Vision is by far our most dominant sense, taking up half of our brain’s resource.”Medina claims that “Vision is by far our most dominant sense, taking up half of our brain’s resource” (240).
GAVILAN LIBRARYRESEARCH DATABASES
• Gavilan library subscribes to databases for scholarly research.
• Research databases often provide MLA formatted citations that can be copied into your paper.
• Students have access through the library website (http://www.gavilan.edu/library/) with a student ID or library card.
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GAVILAN LIBRARY RESEARCH DATABASES
Gavilan College Writing Center Gavilan Library
GAVILAN LIBRARY RESEARCH DATABASES
Gavilan College Writing Center Gavilan Library
GAVILAN LIBRARY RESEARCH DATABASES
Gavilan College Writing Center Gavilan Library
WORKS CITED
• Formatting works cited is specific and dependent on the type of reference material.
• There are many resources available in print and on the internet.
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WORKS CITED
MLA Format - BOOKSFORMAT
Author. Title. City: Publisher, date. Format.
EXAMPLE: Printed Book
Medina, John. Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School. Seattle: Pear Press, 2008. Print.
EXAMPLE: eBook
Rosenberg, Tina. Join the Club: How Peer Pressure Can Transform the World. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011. n. pag. Kindle file.
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WORKS CITED
MLA Format - WEBSITESFORMAT
Author or organization. “Title of Section, if given.” Title of the Website. Sponsoring organization or publisher. Date of publication or last revision. Web. Date your viewed it.
EXAMPLE
“History of Gavilan College.” Gavilan College. Gavilan College. 26 Aug. 2011. Web. 26 Sep. 2012.
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WORKS CITED
MLA Format – SCHOLARLY ARTICLE
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NOTE: For articles originally in print found through the library computer system, include the information service.
NOTE: Double check citation provided from information service for correct formatting.
FORMAT
Author or Organization. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal. Volume number. Issue number (Year): pages covered by article. Information service. Format. Date viewed if online.
EXAMPLE
Sejnowski, Terry, and Tobi Delbruck. "The Language Of The
Brain." Scientific American 307.4 (2012): 54-59. Academic Search
Complete. Web. 30 Sept. 2012.
CORRECTED EXAMPLE
Sejnowski, Terry, and Tobi Delbruck. "The Language of the
Brain." Scientific American 307.4 (2012): 54-59. Academic Search
Complete. Web. 30 Sep. 2012.
WORKS CITED
Let’s PracticeIn your paper you have cited the Kindle edition of Until Tuesday by Luis Carlos Montalván. You have looked up the correct format for book:
Author. Title. City: Publisher, date. Format.
Create a correctly formatted entry for your works cited page.
Montalván, Luis Carlos. Until Tuesday: A Wounded Warrior and the Golden Retriever Who Saved Him. New York: Hyperion, 2011. Kindle file.
• Page is double-spaced, Times New Roman, 12 point.
• Last name and page number is in the upper right corner of the header..
• “Works Cited” is centered and the first line of the page
• Works are alphabetized by authors’ last names.
• 1st line of each entry begins at left margin.
• Subsequent lines are indented ½ inch.
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WORKS CITED
MLA Format – Sample Works Cited Page
1” ½ ”
MLA RESOURCES
• There are many resources available to guide you through formatting citations.
• You should always have one handy when working with reference material.
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MLA FORMAT RESOURCES
Gavilan College Writing Center• Writing Assistants trained to guide you through citing
sources and formatting a Works Cited page• Computers available to access research databases• Helpful advice for MLA reference books and websites• Schedule an appointment or drop in• Hours: Monday thru Thursday 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Friday 8:00 AM-1:00 PM• Phone: (408)848-4811
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