Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 1

Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Systems:

Dynamics and Controls, Eocene-

Oligocene Browse Basin

Carla Sanchez Phelps

Anchorage, AK

carlaphelps@gmail.com

Ongoing exploration is targeting potential hydrocarbon reservoirs that were deposited downdip of mixed

carbonate-siliciclastic shelves (e.g. Mesozoic reservoirs in Atlantic margins). Deep-water depositional sys-

tems for pure carbonate and siliciclastic systems have been broadly studied but the stratigraphic complexity

and variability of a shelf margin linked to shallow-marine, mixed depositional systems are still poorly known.

We use extensive 2D and 3D seismic reflection data (peak frequencies 30-50 Hz), combined with data from

exploration wells, over a large area (20,000 square kilometers) of the Browse Basin, Northwest Shelf of

Australia, to interpret the spatial and temporal variability of Eocene-Oligocene carbonate and siliciclastic

depositional systems from shallow to deep water. Detailed 3D seismic mapping reveals 1) the topset region

was dominated by a combination of predominantly heterozoan carbonate shelf sediments, carbonate plat-

forms, and wave-dominated siliciclastic shorelines, 2) two deep-water depozones with different slope relief, (continued)

AGS Luncheon Date & Time: Tuesday, March 21

th, 11:30 am – 1:00 pm

Program: Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Systems: Dynamics and Controls, Eocene-Oligocene

Browse Basin

Speaker: Carla Sanchez Phelps, Anchorage, AK

Place: BP Energy Center, 1014 Energy Court, Anchorage, AK

Reservations: Make your reservation before noon Friday, March 17th, 2017

Cost: Seminar only, no meal: Free

Due to low demand catered lunch will no longer be available

For more information call (907) 854-2363 or visit the AGS website: http://www.alaskageology.org

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 2

and 3) a variety of deep-water depositional geometries, including channel-levee systems and lobes, suggest-

ing active turbidity currents downdip of the mixed carbonatesiliciclastic shallow marine systems. Deep-sea

drilling in the outboard Argo abyssal plain sampled Oligocene mixed and pure silliclastic turbidites. A firstorder

control on along-strike variability in this area is the relative position of the advancing shelf margin to underly-

ing norteast-southwest oriented Paleozoic structures. The two distinct deep-water depozones are related to

inflections in the slope profile overlying the Paleozoic and Jurassic structures. Elements influencing sediment

dispersal and deep-water deposition along a complex slope profile include basement tectonic and antecedent

topography, shelf physiography and distribution of carbonate accumulations. The combination of those factors

produced a complex seismic-stratigraphic pattern that might be common in analogous mixed systems with a

strong overprint of preceding tectonic basin configuration.

About the Speaker:

Carla earned a BE degree in Geophysics from Universidad Simon Bolivar (Caracas, Venezuela) in 2001.

Shortly after graduation, she joined Petroleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) as an exploration geophysicist and

worked in seismic processing and seismic interpretation for prospect maturation. In 2004 she moved to Texas

to start a Masters program in Geological Sciences with The University of Texas at Austin. Her MS thesis char-

acterized fluvial-deltaic channel reservoirs in offshore Louisiana through seismic geomorphology and well-log

calculated shale volumes. In 2006 she started the doctoral program at The University of Texas at Austin. Her

PhD research focused on the 3D stratigraphic architecture of shelf-edge deltas and their influence on the ad-

jacent deep-water slope. In 2011 she earned her PhD degree and joined ConocoPhillips as a Senior Geolo-

gist with the Geological Technology group. During her time with ConocoPhillips Technology, she primarily

worked on reservoir presence prediction in 10 different basins around the world. Since 2016 Carla has been

collaborating with the University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology as a Research Fellow; she has been

using large seismic datasets over the Browse Basin in the Northwest Shelf of Australia to investigate the

stratigraphic architecture of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic systems. She moved to Alaska in December 2016

and since then has volunteered with the Alaska Geological Society as treasurer.

My Pet Rock Kenneth P. Helmold

Alaska Division of Oil & Gas

Photomicrograph of cement-lined

pore from the Eocene West Fore-

land Formation. Initial cement

consists of mixed-layer illite/

smectite stained by iron-oxide

(orange-red color), probably dur-

ing weathering. Later cement

consists of pore-lining clinoptilo-

lite needles oriented perpendicu-

lar to detrital grains. Clinoptilolite

is the by-product of extensive

alteration of the volcanic detritus.

Despite a porosity of 24% the

pore-lining cements reduce per-

meability to less than 2 millidarcy.

Sample is from measured section

along Straight Creek on the west-

ern side of Cook Inlet.

Send me a photo of your pet

rock!

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 3

From the President’s Desk:

The sun is making its way higher above the horizon and the field season is approaching. We on only have

two more months of the AGS lecture series, then we’ll top the season off with the PSAAPG meeting in May.

Take a look at the lecture schedule for this month, there are lots of great talks coming up. The PSAAPG plan-

ning committee has been working hard to get things in order for a great meeting. There are three great field

trips (North Slope, Kenai Peninsula, and Hatcher Pass–Bird Point) and a couple short courses, so make sure

you register early for the meeting to reserve your spot: www.psaapg2017.com. I hope you all find time to get

out and enjoy the snow this month when the sun is shining bright and the snow is great for winter activates.

Cheers! ~Chad

Additional Ways to Support AGS:

Support us when you shop. Sign in to Amazon Smile instead of Amazon and a portion of your pur-

chase is donated directly to the AGS. http://smile.amazon.com

Again, this year through the Pick.Click.Give program you can make a donation to the Alaska Geologi-

cal Society! You will see the Pick.Click.Give option when you go online to apply for your dividend. If

you've already submitted your application, you can go back and add AGS to your Pick.Click.Give se-

lection. From the PFD home page http://www.pfd.state.ak.us/, select the green “Add or Change

Submit your

abstract and

register now!

Click

on

logo

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 4

AGS 2016-17 Monthly Meetings

Meetings at BP Energy Center, 11:30 am – 12:45 pm (3

rd Tuesday of each Month, unless otherwise noted)

September 20, 2016 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Aaron Wech, USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory Talk: Using messy seismicity to investigate earthquakes, volcanoes, and plate boundary dynamics

October 18, 2016 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Helena Buurman, UAF Alaska Earthquake Center Talk: Is she gonna blow? A seismologist's take on predicting volcanic eruptions

November 17, 2016 (Thursday):

Speaker: Elena Suleimani, Geophysical Institute, UAF Talk: Tsunami inundation mapping for Alaska coastal communities

December 8, 2016 (Thursday):

Speaker: Simon Katterhorn, joint GSA/AGS/SPE meeting, Glen Olds Hall, APU campus Talk: Controls on Continental Rift Evolution: The East African Rift in Kenya and Tanzania

December 13, 2016 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Caelus Energy Talk: Smith Bay Discovery

January 17, 2017 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Marwan Wartes, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Talk: New Insights into the Regional Stratigraphy of the Brookian Sequence in Northern Alaska:Case Studies on the Power of Merging Outcrop and Subsurface Data

February 21, 2017 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Evan Twelker, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Talk: Geologic Mapping in the Talkeetna Mountains and Eastern Alaska Range: A story of Mineralization and Deformation

March 21, 2017 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Carla Sanchez Phelps, Anchorage, AK Talk: Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Systems: Dynamics and Controls, Eocene- Oligocene Browse Basin

April 18, 2017 (Tuesday):

Speaker: Tim Collett, USGS, AAPG Distinguished lecturer Talk: TBD

Membership Note

Membership renewal is November 1; annual dues are:

Full members - $25; Students - $5

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 5

Preliminary Investigations of Early Jurassic Fossils and Geochronology of the Pogibshi formation near Seldovia, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

Montana S. Hodges 1, Christopher Hodges1, Robert B. Blodgett2, and George Stanley, Jr1 1University of Montana Paleontology Center, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812

2Blodgett & Associates, LLC , 2821 Kingfisher Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99502 (Corresponding author - RobertBBlodgett@gmail.com)

Abstract

This preliminary study reports investigations of Early Jurassic marine sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the

lower part of the July member of the informally named Pogibshi formation from the Peninsular terrane on the

southwestern part of the Kenai Peninsula west of Seldovia, Alaska. Several fossil species of particular interest

are reported including a new Hettangian species of the pectinid bivalve Weyla and several solitary scleractini-

an corals also of Hettangian age and therefore the oldest known Jurassic corals in North America. To confirm

the age of the fossils detrital zircons were extracted from fossiliferous sandstones and analyzed for uranium-

lead dates. These dates were compared to ages derived from established ammonite zones. The combination

of these geochronologic and biochronologic ages reinforces an early to middle Hettangian age for the bivalve

Weyla, the corals, and also for the base of the July member.

Introduction

This collaboration is the culmination of Montana Hodges’ doctoral research at the University of Montana

Paleontology Center in Missoula, Montana. Scleractinia (stony) corals are responsible for the framework of

most modern coral reefs. They first appear in the fossil record during the Middle Triassic but along with most

marine fauna undergo a major mass extinction at the end of the Triassic. It took all of the Early Jurassic, al-

most 25 million years, for coral diversity to recover. This extended recovery period has implications for the en-

vironmental pressures modern corals are experiencing.

During the Triassic as scleractinian coral diversity and complexity increased they became the framework

builder of reefs. The end-Triassic mass extinction destroyed most colonial forms of corals leading to a com-

plete collapse of reefal ecosystems (Flügel, 2002; Lathuilière and Marchal, 2009). Compared to other fauna,

corals were particularly slow in recovering their original diversity. To add to the issue of Early Jurassic coral

recovery, most of the known fossil record was restricted to the Tethys Ocean region of what is now Europe

and Morocco. This led to frequent reports that Early Jurassic coral deposits of North America were absent or

unproductive (Muller and Ferguson, 1939). For the largest part of the 20th century, fossil corals from the Early

Jurassic went unnoticed in North America (Beauvais, 1989). However, recent investigations support a poten-

tially robust Early Jurassic coral fossil record in the Americas (Hodges and Stanley, 2015; Echevarría et al.,

2017). Interest in finding the earliest Jurassic coral fossils and understanding their slow evolutionary path has

led to follow-up investigations from prior mentions in fragmented reports of Early Jurassic coral potentials in

North America.

Early Jurassic corals in the Seldovia area were first reported by Martin et al. (1915) but lacked a discussion

on their significance or determined stage. In 1980 John Kelley undertook a detailed study of depositional envi-

ronment and petrography of the volcaniclastic rocks of the southwest Kenai Peninsula and noted the presence

of Lower Jurassic corals. Most recently in 2009, Robert B. Blodgett reported the occurrence of Lower Jurassic

corals when examining shoreline exposures of the Pogibshi formation west of Seldovia. The results reported

here are from an ongoing three year project documenting the oldest Alaskan Jurassic coral occurrences.

Geologic Setting

The outboard boundary of the Peninsular terrane of southern Alaska is limited by the Border Range fault

system that extends from southwest of Afognak Island to the northeast along the western margin of the Chu-

gach Mountains (Fig. 1). The Chugach terrane is accreted on the southern outboard side of the Border Rang-

es fault system. The northeastern limit of the Peninsular terrane occurs in the southern Talkeetna Mountains.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 6

Figure 1. Terrane map of south-central Alaska after Rioux et al. (2007) showing in green a sliver of the Penin-sular terrane known as the Pogibshi formation on the southern Kenai Peninsula near Seldovia. See Fig. 2 for a detail of Seldovia area.

Within the Peninsular terrane are the elements of an island volcanic arc including prearc rocks, the sedimen-

tary and lesser volcanic sequences of the Upper Triassic Kamishak Formation and the volcanic arc and

postarc sedimentary sequences of the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation (Wilson et al., 2012). The bound-

ary between the Kamishak and Talkeetna Formations had been assumed to be the Triassic-Jurassic bounda-

ry but high precision geochronology at Puale Bay on the west side of Shelikof Strait, northeastern Alaska

Peninsula, indicates the Kamishak continues into the Early Hettangian (Pálfy, 1999; Barbacka et al., 2006).

On the Kenai Peninsula only a sliver of the Peninsular terrane outcrops on the southwestern side of Kache-

mak Bay southwest of Seldovia (Fig. 2). The sea cliffs in the area contain a fairly well-exposed continuous

sequence of Late Triassic to Early Jurassic age deposits (Martin et al., 1915; Martin, 1926; Kelley, 1980,

1984). The area of study we report is located in the sea cliffs southwest of Seldovia and has been informally

referred to as the Pogibshi formation to distinguish it from the Jurassic Talkeetna Formation (Kelly, 1980,

1984). The formation consists of approximately 5,270 m thickness of volcaniclastic and sedimentary rocks

(Kelley, 1980).

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 7

Figure 2. Geologic map of the Pogibshi formation (Jp) west and southwest of Seldovia Bay. Localities JL3, JL198,

JL199 and JL200 are shown as red stars. Modified from Wilson et al., 2012.

Although the Pogibshi unit has been referred to as a formation it has not been formally named and shows

many similarities to the Talkeetna Formation to which some authors have assigned it (Magoon et al., 1976;

Bradley et al., 1999). The Talkeetna Formation was initially described in the Talkeetna Mountains (Martin,

1926) and then later extended to areas west of the Cook Inlet (Detterman and Reed, 1980) continuing as far

south as Puale Bay on the northeast part of the Alaska Peninsula (Detterman et al., 1996). The Lower Juras-

sic exposures at Puale Bay had earlier been assigned to the Bidarka Formation of Kellum (1945), which

seemingly included even younger strata. Both the Pogibshi and Talkeetna are of Early Jurassic age and com-

pose thousands of meters of volcanic, volcaniclastic rocks and both marine and non-marine sediments

(Martin, 1926, Detterman and Reed, 1980; and Draut et al., 2006), but significant differences between the pe-

trology in the Pogibshi formation and Talkeetna Formation have been noted (Kelley, 1980; Detterman et al.,

1996; Wilson et al., 2012). In relation, different units underlie the Pogibshi formation near Seldovia, the

Talkeetna Formation in the Talkeetna Mountains, and also on the west side of Cook Inlet and at Puale Bay.

The informally named Port Graham formation (Kelley, 1980, 1984) underlies the Pogibshi formation and has

been shown to overlap in age with the Kamishak Formation which underlies the Talkeetna Formation on the

west side of the Cook Inlet including at Puale Bay. However, these two units differ in their lithologic content

and depositional environments.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 8

Port Graham formation of Kelley (1980)

The Port Graham formation of Kelley (1980) is an Upper Triassic (Norian) informally defined unit that domi-

nantly consists of dark-gray, carbonaceous limestone and silty limestone containing varying amounts of silica

cement (Kelley, 1980). Other common lithologies include fine-grained, dark-gray, siliceous to limy mudstone,

silty sandstone, and dark-gray to dark-olive-gray, thin- to-medium-bedded chert that has mudstone partings

(Kelley, 1980). Limy beds tend to be most common in the lower (middle Norian) part of the unit (R.B. Blodgett,

written commun., 2007; and unpub. data of Humble Oil Company [now Exxon-Mobil] reported by R.B.

Blodgett); whereas the upper part, of late Norian age, is composed of considerably more volcaniclastic rock

fragment-rich and shaly beds. Volcaniclastic fragment-rich beds contain a diverse, but uncommon molluscan

fauna that consists of both bivalves and gastropods; shaly beds tend to have a monotaxic fauna of monotid

bivalves. Fossils are locally abundant, as reported by Kelley (1980), including mostly thin-shelled mollusks,

but also corals, echinoids, ammonites, and trace fossils. Martin et al. (1915) and Martin (1926) reported bi-

valves Halobia cf. H. superba Mojsisovics, Pseudomonotis (now placed in genus Monotis) subcircularis Gabb,

Nucula?, and the coral Astrocoenia? sp. Silberling et al. (1997) provided a detailed analysis of the known Late

Triassic bivalve fauna known from the Port Graham area southwest of Seldovia and reported that middle No-

rian age Halobia lineata and H. dilitata are in collections reported by Martin (1915). Two different species of

Late Triassic Monotis were reported by Silberling et al. (1997), Monotis (Pacimonotis) subcircularis and

Monotis (Monotis) alaskana, as well as the late middle Norian ammonite Steinmannites. Silberling et al.

(1997) indicated rocks of this unit are unique because both middle Norian and late Norian strata represent

pelagic strata, whereas elsewhere, for example in the Kamishak Formation at Puale Bay, late Norian strata

represent shallow-water facies, which rapidly transitions into deeper, more off-shore monotid-rich facies

(Blodgett, 2008; Whalen and Beatty, 2008). No middle Norian age fauna has yet been documented in the

Kamishak Formation at Puale Bay. Fossils from rocks in the Barren Islands suggest a possible correlation of

these with the Port Graham. Kelley (1984) and Bradley et al. (1999) assigned an upper age limit of Early Ju-

rassic to the unit, although fossils of this age are not reported from this unit.

Figure 3. Stratigraphic composite section of the middle and upper Pogibshi formation. The position of localities JL3 and JL199 in the July member are indicated. Modified from Kelley (1980).

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 9

Figure 4. Beds at locality JL3 (early Sinemurian) in the lower July member of the Pogibshi formation, demonstrating steeply dipping

strata in the sea cliffs.

Pogibshi formation of Kelley (1980)

The informally defined Pogibshi formation of Kelley (1980) exposed on east side of Cook Inlet consists of

volcaniclastic rocks interbedded with small amounts of limestone, coal, and tuffaceous argillite. Kelley (1980)

divided the unit into three members on the basis of rock type, modal composition, and depositional texture

(Fig. 3). The stratigraphically lowest member, the Dangerous member, consists of volcaniclastic breccia, con-

glomerate, and sandstone in depositional contact with the also informally defined Port Graham formation of

Kelley (1980). Locally tuffaceous dark-gray sedimentary rocks in the Dangerous member make it difficult to

distinguish the Dangerous member from the Port Graham formation. The July member consists of dacitic py-

roclastic rocks, tuffaceous sandstone, granule conglomerate, and mudstone. Kelley (1980) indicated that the

high quartz content and abundance of glassy debris help to distinguish this unit from other parts of his Pogib-

shi formation. The uppermost member, the Naskowhak member, consists of greenish-gray tuffaceous mud-

stone, siltstone, and tuff. Locally, the basal part of the Naskowhak member includes laterally extensive coal-

bearing units that help to distinguish the Pogibshi formation of Kelley (1980) from the otherwise lithologically

similar Talkeetna Formation on the west side of Cook Inlet. Bradley et al. (1999) reported that the Pogibshi is

intruded by the tonalite of Dogfish (Koyuktolik) Bay and possibly by the diorite of Point Bede, both in the

southern Seldovia quadrangle; if so, a Late Triassic U/Pb age (205.1±4.8 Ma) on the diorite (D.C. Bradley,

USGS, written commun., 2016) may indicate that the Pogibshi is in part significantly older than the Talkeetna

Formation. Stanton and Martin (1905), Moffitt (1906), Martin (1915, 1916, 1926), Imlay (1981) and Blodgett

(2009) reported a diverse Lower Jurassic fauna along the coast southwest of Seldovia. Bradley et al. (1999)

erroneously attributed these Jurassic collections by Martin (1915) to the Port Graham formation of Kelley

(1980), but those collections were from localities within the outcrop area Bradley et al. (1999) assigned to the

Talkeetna Formation, which Wilson et al. (2012, 2015) reassigned back to the Pogibshi formation of Kelley

(1980). Fossils noted in the above cited publications included scleractinian corals, numerous bivalves (mostly

pectinaceans), gastropods, and ammonites. Blodgett (2009) briefly visited a section of early Sinemurian age,

exposed about 3 km west of Seldovia, and found numerous pectinacean bivalves of the genus Weyla, gastro-

pods, and scleractinian corals.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 10

The bivalve Weyla, an Early Jurassic index fossil, is found primarily along western coast of North and

South America. At least two species of Weyla are present in the July member, one species being middle Het-

tangian in age and the other being early Sinemurian (Blodgett, personal observation). Early Jurassic ammo-

nites from these same rocks were discussed and, in part, illustrated in Imlay (1981), who recognized both

Sinemurian and Hettangian fossil assemblages. The oldest fossils identified by Imlay within the Pogibshi for-

mation were early Hettangian ammonites [placed here in the mid-Hettangian] found at the base of the July

member (Imlay, 1981), suggesting the strong possibility that the lowest member, the Dangerous member

may be entirely or in part of Late Triassic age. Connelly (1978) and Connelly and Moore (1979) suggested

correlation of these rocks with the Upper Triassic Shuyak Formation of the Afognak Island, which is intruded

by the Afognak pluton of Triassic age (see also Wilson, 2013). Rioux et al. (2007) reported an age on a meta-

morphosed volcaniclastic rock within the Border Ranges fault system in the Anchorage quadrangle that may

be equivalent to the Pogibshi formation or Port Graham formation. The sample yielded two distinct popula-

tions of zircons, reported as 202.1±1.2 and 205.8±0.4 Ma.

Geochronology of Significant Fossiliferous Deposits:

Two rock samples from sea cliff exposures of the lower July member were collected for detrital zircon ex-

traction. The upper sample “JL3” was collected in a light green-gray tuffaceous volcanic sandstones interbed-

ded with fossiliferous limy mudstones that contain bivalves, gastropods, ammonites and corals (Fig. 4). This

site is well-known for fossiliferous beds and was labeled as 76Jk34 by Kelley (1980) and 31650 by Imlay

(1981). The second lower sample was collected from Kelley locality 76Jk41 which we designate JL199 at the

base of the July member in a tuffaceous volcanic granular red-to-brown conglomerate interbedded with mud-

stones containing bivalves and occasional corals and ammonites (Fig. 5).

Zircon crystals were extracted from the samples collected at JL3 and JL199 at the Arizona LaserChron

Center (ALC) using Wilfley table, Frantz magnetic separator and heavy liquids. Final heavy minerals along

with 3 known zircon standards were epoxy mounted and polished to a depth of ~20 µm. A mapped SEM im-

age of the mounted sample is used to identify and target zircon crystals.

U-Pb geochronology of zircons was conducted by laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma

mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS) following current ALC protocols (Gehrels, 2011). A laser ablation spot

diameter of 20 µm was used for both the unknowns and the known standards. Standards were sampled at

Figure 5. Locality JL199 faulted blocks at the base of the July member.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 11

approximately every fifth analysis. A Photon Machines Analyte G2 excimer laser was used to ablate the zir-

cons to a depth of ~15 µm. Mercury interference, common lead correction, isotope fractionalization and ana-

log to discreet detector corrections are applied to bring the measured ages of the standards to their accepted

values and within expected errors. Concordia evaluations are performed for ages older than 400 Ma.

Maximum depositional ages (MDA) for the upper and lower samples were calculated as the inverse vari-

ance-weighted average of what were determined to be the youngest zircon age cluster. The mean square of

weighted deviation (MSWD) parameter was evaluated for the goodness of fit. Geologic stages were assigned

from 2012 Geologic Time Scale (Gradstein et al., 2012) to the U-Pb ages. The maximum depositional age of

the upper JL3 sample is early Sinemurian at 198.9 ±0.62 ±2.2 Ma from 314 zircon crystals with the stated er-

rors reported at 2σ for internal and systematic respectively. The lower sample JL199 sample maximum depo-

sitional age is middle Hettangian at 200.5 ±2.5 ±1.8 Ma from 9 zircon crystals.

The ages of JL3 and JL199 were confirmed by comparison to ammonite ages determined by Imlay (1981).

Beds near the lower locality (JL199), contain only a single ammonite species identified by Imlay as Psiloceras

(Franziceras) cf. P. (F.) ruidum (Buckman), and were assigned an early Hettangian age. Subsequent work by

Taylor et al. (2001) suggests that this ammonite interval should instead be considered as the Coronoides

zone which is approximately mid-Hettangian. In the beds near JL3 Imlay had previously identified two ammo-

nites, Paracaloceras rursicostatum Frebold and Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) sp. which indicated an early

Sinemurian age. The agreement between the U-Pb ages and ammonite zonation ages strongly confirms the

Hettangian age of the Weyla and corals.

Significance of the bivalve Weyla and corals

Middle Hettangian Weylas are common at localities JL198, 199, and 200 (and several nearby localities not

enumerated here). At locality JL199 the coral bed was approximately 1 meter above the layer sampled for U-

Pb dating. The best preserved Weyla where in beds above and below the coral layers. Another Weyla locality

labeled JL200 was a float block below the sea cliff about 50 meters southwest of JL199. Additionally to the

northeast of JL199 the coral and Weyla beds were again exposed at a locality labeled JL198. Weyla speci-

mens were collected from all 3 localities (Fig. 6).

The pectinid bivalve genus Weyla is restricted to the Lower Jurassic and is currently split into two subgen-

era: Weyla (Weyla) Böhm, 1922 and Weyla (Lywea) Damborenea, 1987. Both subgenera are restricted to the

western margins of North America and South America during the Hettangian and Sinemurian (Fig. 7), but

subsequently during the Pliensbachian and Toarcian it seemingly breached the Hispanic Corridor and be-

came widespread in the western Tethys and even further east into Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Ken-

ya. References to their occurrence in the Western Hemisphere include: Aberhan (1994, 1998a,b, 1999); Beh-

rendsen (1891); Blodgett (2009); Buch (1838, 1839); Böhm (1922); Damborenea (1987, 1992); Damborenea

and González-León (1997); Damborenea and Manceñido (1979); Jaworski (1929); Lazar et al. (2009, 2015);

Lucas and Estep (1997); Philippi (1899); Scholz et al. (2008); and Weaver (1931). Based on the convexity,

ribbing style, and overall shape our middle Hettangian Weyla appears to represent a new, unnamed species.

Its stratigraphic occurrence suggests it is probably the oldest reported species of the genus. Weyla is also

represented in the early Sinemurian beds upsection, but there appears to be represented by a different spe-

cies.

The corals in these beds were highly recrystallized and not as well preserved (Fig. 8) as the Weyla. When

extracted from the matrix the corals do not initially display enough detail to be identified to species or genus.

The 6-fold symmetry of the calice septa confirmed the corals were Scleractinia. All specimens are solitary and

no colonial forms were found.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 12

Figure 6. Weyla (Lywea) n. sp.from mid-Hettangian localities JL200, JL199 and JL198. All views x1, except for G which is x4. A-E, 5 views of an articulated specimen from locality 198, F-G, right valve and enlarged of view same to show microsculpture from locality 199, H, right valve from locality JL200, I-J, 2 views of right valve from locality JL198.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 13

Figure 7. Distribution of Weyla (Weyla) and Weyla (Lywea) during Hettangian and Sinemurian time (from Damborenea and Manceñido, 1979).

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 14

Figure 8. Solitary scleractinian corals from mid-Hettangian localities JL197 and JL198.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported in part by a grant from the Alaskan Geological Society to Montana Hodges in

support of her doctoral dissertation. This study greatly benefited from discussions with Dr. John S. Kelley

(USGS retired, Anchorage) and Dr. Frederic H. Wilson (USGS, Anchorage). We also appreciate the assistance

in field work by Dr. Bretwood Higman and family, Captain Kirby Corwin, Ben Siwiec and the dedicated staff

of the Arizona LaserChron Center.

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 15

REFERENCES

Aberhan, Martin, 1994, Early Jurassic Bivalvia of northern Chile, Part I, Subclasses Palaeotaxodonta, Pterio-morphia, and Isofilibranchia: Beringeria, v. 13, p. 3-115.

Aberhan, Martin, 1998a, Early Jurassic Bivalvia of western Canada, Part I, Subclasses Palaeotaxodonta, Pteriomorphia, and Isofilibrachia: Beringeria, v. 21, p. 57-150.

Aberhan, Martin, 1998b, Paleobiogeographic patterns of pectinoid bivalves and the Early Jurassic tectonic evolution of western Canadian terranes: Palaios, v. 13, p. 129-148.

Aberhan, Martin, 1999, Terrane history of the Canadian Cordillera: Estimating amounts of latitudinal displace-ment and rotation of Wrangellia and Stikinia: Geological Magazine, v. 136, no. 5, p. 481-492.

Barbacka, M., Pálfy, J., and Smith, P.L., 2006, Hettangian (Early Jurassic) plant fossils from Puale Bay (Peninsular terrane, Alaska): Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 142, p. 33-46.

Beauvais, L., 1989, Jurassic corals from the circum Pacific area: Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, v. 8, p. 291-302.

Behrendsen, O., 1891. Zur Geologie des Ostabhanges der argentinischen Cordillere. I Teil: Zeitschrift Deutsch. Geol. Gesellschaft, v. 43, p. 369-420, pls. 22-25.

Blodgett, R.B., 2008, Paleontology and stratigraphy of the Upper Triassic Kamishak Formation in the Puale Bay-Cape Kekurnoi-Alinchak Bay area, Karluk C-4 and C-5 Quadrangle, Alaska Peninsula, p. 131-160, in Reifenstuhl, R.R., and Decker, P.L., eds., Bristol Bay Alaska Peninsula region, Overview of 2004--2007 Geologic Research: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of In-vestigations 2008-1.

Blodgett, R.B., 2009, Report on day trip (5/16/07) to visit Mesozoic rocks exposed in Port Graham and near Seldovia, southern Kenai Peninsula, p. 109-116, in LePain, D.L., Preliminary results of recent geolog-ic investigations in the Homer, Kachemak Bay area, Cook Inlet Basin. Progress during the 2006-2007 field season: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2009-8C, p. 109-116.

Böhm, J., 1922, Zur systematischen Stellung der Gattung Neithea Drouet: Jahrbuch der Königlich preussischen geolo-gischen Landesanstalt un Bergakademie (1919), v. 40, no. 2, p. 129-147.

Bradley, D.C., Kusky, T.M., Haeussler, P.J., Karl, S.M., and Donley, D.T., 1999, Geologic map of the Seldo-via quadrangle, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-18, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

Buch, L. von,. 1838, Über den zoologischen Character der Secundär-Formationen in Süd-Amerika, p. 54-57. Berlin.

Buch, L. von, 1839, Pétrifications recueillis en Amérique par Mr. Alexandre de Humboldt et par Mr. Charles Degenhardt. Imprimerie Acad. Roy. Sci., p. 1-22, pls. 1-2. Berlin.

Connelly, William, 1978, Uyak Complex, Kodiak Islands, Alaska: A Cretaceous subduction com-plex: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 89, p. 755-769.

Connelly, William, and Moore, J.C., 1979, Geologic map of the northwest side of the Kodiak and adjacent islands, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF–1057, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Damborenea, S.E., 1987 Early Jurassic Bivalvia of Argentina. Part 2: Superfamiles Pteriacea, Buchiacea and part of Pectinacea: Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, v. 199, Lfg. 4-6, p. 113-216.

Damborenea, S.E., 1992, South American Jurassic bivalves, in Westermann, G.E.G., ed., The Jurassic of the circum-Pacific: Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, pls. 115–119.

Damborenea, S.E., and González-León, C.M., 1997, Late Triassic and Early Jurassic bivalves from Sonora, Mexico: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geolögicas, v. 14, p. 178-201.

Damborenea, S.E., and Manceñido, M.O., 1979, On the palaeogeographical distribution of the pectinid genus Weyla (Bivalvia, Lower Jurassic): Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 27, p. 85-102.

Detterman, R.L., Case, J.E., Miller, J.W., Wilson, F.H., and Yount, M.E., 1996, Stratigraphic framework of the Alaska Peninsula: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1969-A, 74 p.

Detterman, R.L., and Reed, B.L., 1980, Stratigraphy, structure, and economic geology of the Iliamna quad-rangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1368-B, p. B1-B86, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

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Draut, A.E., Clift, P.D., and Blodgett, R.B., 2006, Field-trip guide to volcanic and volcanoclastic deposits of the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation, Sheep Mountain, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1124, 21 p.

Echevarría, J., Hodges, M., Damboreneai, S., Stanley, G.D., Manceñido, M., 2017, Recovery of scleractinian morphologic diversity during the Early Jurassic in Mendoza Province, Argentina. Ameghiniana, v. 54, p. 70-82.

Flügel, E. 2002. Triassic reef patterns, p. 391-463, in Kiessling, W., Flügel, E., Golonka, J., (eds.), Phanero-zoic Reef Patterns. SEPM Special Publication 72.

Gehrels, G., 2011, Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology: Current Methods and New Opportunities, in Tecton-ics of Sedimentary Basins: Recent Advances (eds. C. Busby and A. Azor), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chapter 2.

Gradstein, F. M., Ogg, J. G., Schmitz, M., and Ogg, G. (Eds.), 2012, The Geologic Time Scale 2012 2-Volume Set (Vol. 2). Elsevier.

Hodges, M. S., and Stanley Jr, G. D., 2015, North American coral recovery after the end-Triassic mass ex-tinction, New York Canyon, Nevada, USA: GSA Today, v. 25, no. 10, p. 4-7.

Imlay, R. W., 1981, Early Jurassic ammonites from Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1148, 49 p., 12 pls.

Jaworski, E., 1929, Eine Liasfauna aus Nordwest-Mexico: Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Paläontolo-gischen Gesellschaft, v. 48, no. 4, p. 1-12.

Kelley, J.S., 1980, Environments of deposition and petrography of Lower Jurassic volcaniclastic rocks, south-western Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Davis, University of California – Davis, unpublished Ph.D. disserta-tion, 304 p.

Kelley, J.S., 1984, Geologic map and sections of the southwestern Kenai Peninsula west of Port Graham, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-162, 1 sheet, scale 1:63,360.

Kellum, L.B., 1945, Jurassic stratigraphy of Alaska and petroleum exploration in northwest America: Transac-tions of the New York Academy of Sciences, ser. 2, v. 7, no. 8, p. 201-209.

Lathuilière, B., and Marchal, D., 2009, Extinction, survival and recovery of corals from the Triassic to Middle Jurassic time: Terra Nova, v. 21, p. 57-66.

Lazar, Iuliana, Sandy, M.R., and Blodgett, R.B., 2009, Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) bivalve and brachiopod fauna from the Peninsular terrane, southern Talkeetna Mountains, Alaska - paleobiogeographic signa-tures and tectonic significance: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 41, no. 5, p. 27-28.

Lazar, Iuliana, Sandy, M.R., and Blodgett, R.B., 2015, Paleobiogeographic signature and tectonic significance of Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) bivalve and brachiopod fauna from the Peninsular terrane, southern Talkeetna Mountains, Alaska: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 47, no. 4, p. 20.

Lucas, S.G., and Estep, J.W., 1997, The Liassic bivalve Weyla from Sonora, Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Publicaciones Ocasion-ales, v. 1, p. 45.

Magoon, L. B., Adkison, W. L., and Egbert, R. M., 1976, Map showing geology, wildcat wells, Tertiary plant fossil localities, K-Ar age dates, and petroleum operations, Cook Inlet area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Map I-1019, 3 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Martin, G.C., 1915, The western part of the Kenai Peninsula, in Martin, G.C., Johnson, B.L, and Grant, U.S., Geology and mineral resources of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 587, p. 41-111.

Martin, G.C., 1916, Triassic rocks of Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 27, p. 685-718.

Martin, G.C., 1926, The Mesozoic stratigraphy of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 776, 493 p.

Martin, G.C., Johnson, B.L., and Grant, U.S., 1915, Geology and mineral resources of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 587, 243 p.

Moffit, F.H., 1906, Gold fields of the Turnagain Arm region: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 277, p. 7-52.

Muller, S.W., and Ferguson, H.G., 1939, Mesozoic stratigraphy of the Hawthorne and Tonopah quadrangles, Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 50, no. 10, p. 1573-1624.

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Pálfy, J., Smith, P.L., Mortensen, J.K., and Friedman, R.M., 1999, Integrated ammonite biochronology and U-Pb geochronometry from a basal Jurassic section in Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, no. 10, p. 1537–1549.

Philippi, R.A., 1899, Los fósiles secundarios de Chile: Santiago de Chile and Leipzig, F. A. Brockhaus, 104 p.

Rioux, M., Hacker, B., Mattinson, J., Kelemen, P., Blusztajn, J., and Gehrels, G. , 2007, Magmatic develop-ment of an intra-oceanic arc: High-precision U-Pb zircon and whole-rock isotopic analyses from the accreted Talkeetna arc, south-central Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, p. 1168-1184.

Scholz, Annemarie, Aberhan, Martin, and González-León, C.M., 2008, Early Jurassic bivalves of the Antimo-nio terrane (Sonora, NW Mexico): Taxonomy, biogeography, and paleogeographic implications, p. 269-312, in Blodgett, R.B., and Stanley, G.D., eds., The terrane puzzle: New perspectives on paleontolo-gy and stratigraphy from the North America Cordillera: Geological Society of America Special Paper 442.

Silberling, N.J., Grant-Mackie, J.A., and Nichols, K.M., 1997, The Late Triassic bivalve Monotis in accreted terranes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2151, 21 p.

Stanton, T.W., and Martin, G.C., 1905, Mesozoic section on Cook Inlet and Alaska Peninsula: Geological So-ciety of America Bulletin, v. 16(1), p. 391-410.

Taylor, D.G., Guex, J., and Rakus, M., 2001, Hettangian and Sinemurian ammonoid zonation for the Western Cordillera of North America. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, v. 87, no. 4, p. 381-421.

Weaver, C.E., 1931, Paleontology of the Jurassic and Cretaceous of west central Argentina: Memoirs of the University of Washington, v. 1, p. 1-469, pls. 1-62.

Whalen, M.T., and Beatty, T.W., 2008, Kamishak Formation, Puale Bay, in Reifenstuhl, R.R., and Decker, P.L., eds., Bristol Bay-Alaska Peninsula region, overview of 2004-2007 geologic research: Alaska Di-vision of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation 2008-1G, p. 105-129.

Wilson F.H., 2013, Reconnaissance geologic map for the Kodiak and adjacent islands, Alaska: U.S. Geologi-cal Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2999, pamphlet 8 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:500,000.

Wilson, F.H., Hults, C.P., Schmoll, H.R., Haeussler, P.J., Schmidt, J.M., Yehle, L.A., and Labay, K.A., 2012, Geology of the Cook Inlet region, Alaska, including parts of the Talkeetna, Talkeetna Mountains, Ty-onek, Anchorage, Lake Clark, Kenai, Seward, Iliamna, Seldovia, Mount Katmai, and Afognak 1:250,000-scale quadrangles: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map SIM-3153, pam-phlet 71 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Wilson, F.H., Hults, C.P., Mull, C.G., and Karl, S.M., compilers, 2015, Geologic map of Alaska: U.S. Geologi-cal Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3340, 196 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:584,000, http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3340

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 18

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 19

Date Time Organization Event Location

March 3rd 10:00

– 3:00pm

UAA Geology Club

UAA Geology Career Fair ConocoPhillips Bldg., UAA campus, Anchorage

March 9th 11:30

– 1pm GSA Rob Witter, USGS “Sand and tsunamis in the

eastern Aleutians: Is a locked megathrust more dangerous than a creeping one?”

Conoco Phillips, 700 G St. ATO-1, Anchorage

March 15

th 11:30 – 1:00pm

SPE Operator's Forum #2 Speakers: Great Bear, Glacier Oil & Gas (tentative), Ahtna (tentative)

Petroleum Club Anchorage

March 16

th 11:45 AAEP Brown Bag Speaker Series. Heritage Land

Bank

BP Energy Center, Anchorage

March 21

st 11:30 AGS Carla Sanchez Phelps “Mixed Carbonate-

Siliciclastic Systems: Dynamics & Controls, Eocene-Oligocene Browse Basin.”

BP Energy Center, Anchorage

April 13th GSA Thomas Keatts, Shannon & Wilson. Seismic Refraction to Evaluate Overburden Thickness at South Chickaloon Cut, Chickaloon, Alaska

Conoco Phillips, 700 G St. ATO-1, Anchorage

April 18th 11:30 AGS Tim Collett, AAPG Distinguished Lecturer BP Energy Center,

Anchorage April 18

th 11:30 AAEP Brown Bag Speaker Series. BP Energy Center, Anchorage

April 19th AGS/UAF Tim Collett, AAPG Distinguished Lecturer UAF, Fairbanks

April 20th

-22nd

SETAC Pacific Northwest Pacific Northwest Chapter of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Annual Conference http://www.pnw-setac.org/meetings.html

Lakefront Hotel, Anchorage

May 11th GSA Laurie Weston Bellman Canadian Discovery

Ltd. Data Interpretation and Integration from a Seismic Perspective – The Excitement of Innovation

May 18th 11:30 AAEP Archaeology in Your Environment. Shina Du-

Vall, Alaska State Historic Preservation Of-fice / Office of History and Archaeology; and Tom Wolforth, Alaska Army National Guard.

BP Energy Center, Anchorage

May 20th

– 24th

AAPG Pacific Section, American Association of Petro-leum Geologists Conference http://www.aapg.org/science/geographic/countries/united-states/pacific-section

Sheraton Hotel, Anchorage

June 15th

– 19th,

Mining History Association

Mining History Association. Annual conference http://www.mininghistoryassociation.org/FairbanksConference.htm

UAF, Fairbanks,

Aug 1st -3

rd YRITWC YRITWC 11

th Biennial Summit Carcross, Yukon, Canada

Sept 19th 11:30 AGS Dr. Birgit Hagedorn, UAA (tentative) BP Energy Center,

Anchorage Oct 24

th 11:30 AGS Alaska Volcano Observatory (tentative) BP Energy Center, Anchorage

Nov 5th -

11th

AMA Alaska Miners Association Annual Convention Dena’Ina Center, Anchorage

Nov 21st 11:30 AGS TBA BP Energy Center,

Anchorage Dec 19

th 11:30 AGS TBA BP Energy Center, Anchorage

Geological Calendar of Events

Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 20

PRA

3601 C Street, Suite 822

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(907) 272-1232, (907) 272-1344 (fax)

The Alaska Geological Society, Inc.

P.O. Box 101288

Anchorage AK 99510

On the web at: http://www.alaskageology.org

The Alaska Geological Society is an organization which seeks to promote inter-est in and understanding of Geology and the related Earth Sciences, and to provide a common organization for those individuals interested in geology and the related Earth Sciences.

This newsletter is the monthly (September-May) publication of the Alaska Geological Society, Inc. Number of newsletters/month: ~300

EDITOR Ken Helmold

Alaska Geological Society, Inc. P. O. Box 101288

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(907) 269-8673 (office)

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION

AGS annual memberships expire November 1. The annual membership fee is $25/year ($5 for students). You may download a membership application from the AGS website and return it at a luncheon meeting, or mail it to the address above.

Contact membership coordinator Ken Helmold with changes or updates (e-mail: ken.helmold at alaska.gov; phone: 907-269-8673)

All AGS publications are now available for on-line purchase on our website. Check to see the complete catalogue:

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Volume 47 Number 7 March 2017 Page 21

2016 - 2017 Alaska Geological Society Board

Committees and Delegates

Title Name Phone e-mail Affiliation President Chad Hults 332-0740 chadcph at gmail.com NPS Past-President Monte Mabry 230-4488 monte.mabry at live.com President-Elect Larry Smith 865-5803 ljsmith@gci.net Brook Range Petroleum Vice-President Keith Torrance 677-8257 keith.torrance at uicumiaq.com UMIAQ Treasurer Carla Sanchez Phelps 832-589-4567 carlasphelps at gmail.com Secretary Dave Buthman 344-6001 dbuthman at hilcorp.com Hilcorp Director 15-2017 Jennifer Crews 263-4516 jennifer.r.crews at conocophillips.com ConocoPhillips Director 15-2017 Greg DuBois 830-8360 gdubois at apcservicesllc.com APC Services LLC Director 15-2017 Mick Bradway brad8450 at yahoo.com Director 16-2018 Laura Gregersen 375-8240 Laura.gregersen at alaska.gov AK DOG Director 16-2018 Karri Sicard 451-5040 karri.sicard at alaska.gov AK DGGS Director 16-2018 Steve Wright 855-2363 alaskageo at aol.com Consultant

Title Name Phone e-mail Affiliation AAPG Delegate Ken Helmold 269-86733 ken.helmold at alaska.gov AK DOG

PSAAPG AGS Representative Ken Helmold 269-86733 ken.helmold at alaska.gov AK DOG

Advertising Keith Torrance 677-8257 keith.torrance at uicumiaq.com UMIAQ

Com. Ed./Science Fair Jana DaSilva Lage 980-9368 jldasilva5 at hotmail.com APICC

Field Trips Chad Hults 332-0740 chadcph at gmail.com NPS

Bylaws Sue Karl 786-7428 skarl at usgs.gov USGS Memberships Kirk Sherwood 334-5337 sherwook at mtaonline.net Newsletter Editor Ken Helmold 269-8673 ken.helmold at alaska.gov AK DOG Publications Mick Bradway brad8450 at yahoo.com Scholarship Sue Karl 786-7428 skarl at usgs.gov USGS Website Jan Hazen homesteadgraphics@gmail.com Consultant Fundraising Sunny Foster 269-7569 sunny.foster at alaska.gov AK DEC