Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly...

12
Mistakes in Meiosis

Transcript of Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly...

Page 1: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Mistakesin

Meiosis

Page 2: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Nondisjunction• The failure of homologous chromosomes to

separate properly during meiosis.

What should happen Nondisjunction

Page 3: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

The results• If the abnormal gametes is fertilized the

results

Page 4: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Polyploidy• the condition where cells have multiple sets of

chromosomes

• usually 3-4 sets

• Most often found in plants, rare in animals

Page 5: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Examples of Polyploidy

Diploid & tetraploid

many plants

Octoploidy

strawberries

Triploid

seedless watermelon

Page 6: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Trisomy• The zygote has an extra chromosome

• Organisms with an extra chromosome sometimes survive

Page 7: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Examples of trisomy in humans

• Trisomy 21: Downs Syndrome

• Trisomy 18: Edwards syndrome

• Trisomy 13: Patau syndrome

• XXY: Klinefelter's syndrome

Page 8: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Monosomy• The zygote is lacking a chromosome

• Organisms lacking one or more chromosomes rarely survive

Page 9: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Examples of monosomy in humans

Monosomy X: Turners Syndrome

Page 10: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Human Karyotype

Page 11: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

Karyotype Lab• You will assess a human karyotype and

write a letter to explain the chromosomal abnormality to the patient and patient’s family.

• You will submit your letter via TurnItIn.com

Page 12: Mistakes in Meiosis. Nondisjunction The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis. What should happen Nondisjunction.

TurnItIn.com Info• Create a user profile, keep this information

somewhere safe!

• Student Profile

• Class Enrollment Password: Biology

• TurnItIn Class ID– 2nd period: 1435724– 4th period: 1435726– 6th period: 1435727