MissouriResources

Winter 2016 • Volume 33 • Number 1

MissouriResources

State of Missouri, Governor Jeremiah W. (Jay) Nixon

Department Director Sara Parker Pauley

Deputy Director Todd Sampsell

Director, Division of Administrative Support Lori Gordon

Director, Division of Environmental Quality Leanne Tippett Mosby

Director, Missouri State Parks Bill Bryan

Director, Missouri Geological Survey Joe Gillman

Director, Environmental Improvement and Energy Resources Authority Karen Massey

printed on recycled paper

EditorStuart Westmoreland

Design DirectorBelinda Hughes

PhotographersBen NickelsonAndrew Richmond

Assistant EditorAndrew Richmond

CirculationShannon HuttonAmber Sagerty

Editorial BoardLarry ArcherAndrea BalkenbushHylan BeydlerRenee BungartSteph DeidrickStuart Westmoreland

MISSOURI RESOURCES is published quarterly by the MissouriDepartment of Natural Resources to inform readers about important natu-ral resource issues and how they are being addressed. Any correspon-dence should be directed to the editor at the Department of NaturalResources, Publications, PO Box 176, Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176, or call 800-361-4827. Email address: moresdnr@dnr.mo.gov. MoDNR home page: dnr.mo.gov. To subscribe or unsubscribe online:dnr.mo.gov/magazine/subscription.htm.

MISSOURI RESOURCES is available in alternative formats.

As a recipient of federal funds, the Department of Natural Resources can-not discriminate against anyone on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, age, sex, disability, sexual orientation or veteran status.

If anyone believes he or she has been subjected to discrimination for anyof these reasons, he or she may file a complaint with either theDepartment of Natural Resources or the Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S.Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 20240.

Missouri Resources is printed with soy ink on recycled paper at Walsworth Publishing Co., Marceline, Mo.

Mission StatementThe mission of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources is to protect our air,

land and water; to preserve our unique natural and historic places; and to provide recreational and learning opportunities for everyone.

Winter 2016Volume 33 • Number 1

E ssentially, all life depends uponthe soil … There can be no life

without soil and no soil without life;they have evolved together,” said Dr.Charles E. Kellogg, soil scientist andformer chief of the U.S. Department ofAgriculture’s Bureau of Chemistry andSoils. Dr. Kellogg’s legacy of bringingawareness to the importance of soildata was built around his belief thatsoil is the foundation of life.

Healthy soil provides us with cleanair and water, productive crops andgrazing fields, diverse wildlife andbeautiful rural sceneries. It’s a quali-ty of life we all cherish and one we

have come to expect.However, our soil quali-ty has not always beenhealthy. In fact, Missourionce held the secondhighest rate of erosion inthe nation. Soil onceused as productive agri-culture land has pollutedour waterways.

In order to reduce soilerosion, improve waterquality as well as sup-port Missouri stateparks, Missouri voterspassed a one-tenth-of-one-percent sales tax in1984, now called the

Parks, Soils and Water Sales Tax.Missourians have continued to showtheir support for these efforts by re-newing the tax in 1988, 1996 and2006. The tax is set to expire in 2016unless renewed.

The Department of Natural Re-sources has administered funds gener-ated from the tax through county soiland water districts to Missourilandowners to implement voluntarypractices that have kept more than177 million tons of soil from erodinginto our waterways. The departmentthrough local, state and federal part-nerships promotes good farming tech-

director’s

MissouriResources

Sara Parker PauleyMissouri Department of Natural Resources

niques that keep soil on our fields and our waters clean while conserv-ing the productivity of Missouri’s97,000 farms.

While these efforts have drasticallyimproved our soil and water quality,it’s no longer enough due to increasedpopulation and food production de-mands. With help from our partners,the department will increase theamount of soil data collected throughthe state’s premier Soil Health Assess-ment Center at the University of Mis-souri-Columbia. Agriculturallandowners will submit soil samplesfor analysis that will provide the statewith a new baseline for soil healthand help determine which voluntarypractices are improving the qualityand productivity of our soil the most.I believe Dr. Kellogg would be proudof Missouri’s efforts. Learn more atdnr.mo.gov.

“

Above: Beloved Missouri artist Thomas Hart Benton’s home and studio is preserved in Kansas City (see story page 18). DNR photo by Ben Nickelson.Front Cover: A fly fisherman lands a trout on a cold 2015 opening day at Bennett Spring State Park near Lebanon. DNR photo by Andrew Richmond.

Back Cover: Anglers enjoy trout opening day 2015 at Roaring River State Park near Cassville. DNR photo by Ben Nickelson.

departments18 Explore Missouri 20 DNR News 22 Top Spots 25 … But Not Least

2 The Remarkable History of Bothwell Lodgeby Josh Expose

It took 31 years to build and has 31 rooms. John Homer Bothwell’s Sedalia home has been an inspirational masterpiece for more than a century. Created in 1974, Bothwell Lodge State Historic Site is a fitting tribute to a remarkable man.

6 There’s No Place Like Homeby Judy Stinson

Your 2015 national NCF Envirothon winner for high schools: Pembroke Hill from Jackson County – again.

10 Picking Up Pesky Poisonsby Larry Archer

With zero paperwork and only three questions to answer, you can safely and easily rid your home or farm of old and leftover pesticides. The Missouri Pesticide Collection Program begins its fifth year in 2016 and the department hopes to continue the effort well into the future.

12 2015 MissouriDNR Photo Contest WinnersOur 2015 competitors reminded us just how diverse Missouri’s natural beauty is – and how difficult it is to pick the winners.

2 Missouri Resources

“As a state representative, Mr. Bothwellwas on several house committees includingthe committees of the Judiciary, Peniten-tiary and Joint Rules,” explained LindsayBurks as she led a tour through the historicsite. “Mr. Bothwell became involved withthe Tax Revision Commission in 1906 andrepresented Missouri at the National Con-

The Remarkable History of Bothwell Lodgeby Josh Exposephotographs by Ben Nickelson

It took 31 years for John Homer Bothwell to complete workon his country home. Over that time, the attorney from

Sedalia developed the residence into a 31-room lodge. Today,guests can learn about his life and his home by touring BothwellLodge State Historic Site.

One of the most interesting aspects of the home is the story of Bothwell himself.Born Nov. 20, 1848, in Maysville, Ill., he enrolled at Indiana University at the ageof 17. After graduating from law school in Albany, N.Y. in 1871, Bothwell movedto Sedalia where he opened a law office.

Besides his career as a lawyer, Bothwellwas heavily involved in business and poli-tics. He was president of the Sedalia Na-tional Bank for two years and served as amember of the Missouri House of Repre-sentatives in 1888, 1894, 1902 and 1904.Bothwell represented constituents in theeastern half of Pettis County. Bothwell Lodge State Historic Site sits atop Stonyridge Bluff just north of Sedalia, in Pettis County.

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servation Congress in 1910,” added Burks, an inter-pretive resource specialist at the historic site.

As president of the Sedalia Board of Trade, Both-well was responsible for persuading the MissouriPacific Railroad to locate manufacturing and repairshops in Sedalia, resulting in more than 1,800 newjobs. Bothwell also led efforts for the Missouri StateFair to locate its permanent home in Sedalia. In ad-dition, Bothwell was a leading voice in an effort torelocate the state capitol from Jefferson City toSedalia, and encouraged growth in Sedalia by help-ing to establish a new hotel and hospital. Both facil-ities bear his name.

As an investor, he organized the West St. LouisWater and Light Company in 1902. Bothwell

served as the president and director, creating a watersupply system for the residents of St. Louis County.The company also provided water to the towns ofClayton, Kirkwood, Webster Groves, Maplewoodand Wellston.

Bothwell purchased the property he calledStonyridge Farm in 1896, now the location of Both-

(Top and above) The lodge’s personal library containsover 1,500 holdings from the 1880s and early 1900s.(Above right) Stonyridge Trail follows what was theoriginal driveway that led from Marshall Road (oldHighway 65) up to the top of Stonyridge Bluff.

well Lodge State Historic Site. The castle-like home was originally designed as aseven-room country retreat. Later additionsdeveloped the home to accommodate fre-quent visitors, including Bothwell’s familyand friends. Today, the home resembles acastle on a hill.

Most of the majestic structure’s attrib-utes provide a glimpse into Bothwell’smany interests. It consists of 31 rooms thatillustrate many cultural and architecturaldesigns between 1890 and 1929. The his-toric site includes 10 guest bedrooms, Both-well’s bedroom, four sitting rooms, a music

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(Right, far right,below) Most of theoriginal furnishings

in the 31-room lodge,such as dining, officeand bedroom furni-ture, remain today.

(Opposite page, bot-tom) Interpreters are

available for tourswhen visiting Both-

well Lodge State Historic Site.

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room, a basement and workshop, fiveand one-half bathrooms and a homeoffice and study.

The historic site also includesBothwell’s personal library, where hekept more than 1,500 books datedfrom the late 1880s to the early 1900s.

“It’s my favorite room of thehouse,” Burks said. “The libraryhouses books of nearly every genre,including mysteries, poetry, classics,and even how-to books. I think havingbooks for everyone highlights Mr.Bothwell’s generosity.”

Another interesting feature andhint to Bothwell’s personality is aroom with a sink next to the library.

“He had one strict rule, if you weregoing to come in and read his books,you had to wash your hands first,”said Burks.

The lodge was built atop a 120-footbluff that contains two caves. One ofthe caves is connected to the base-ment. Bothwell had hoped to employthis strategic connection as an air-conditioning system.

John Bothwell died in 1929 fromBright’s disease. He left his home to38 friends and family members, agroup he referred to as The BothwellLodge Club.

“I think it’s so amazing that he leftso much to his friends and family,”Burks said.

In his will, Bothwell specified thatonce the club totaled less than five

original members, the home would beoffered to the State of Missouri foruse as an educational or charitable in-stitution. The group used the lodge formore than 40 years. In 1974, the prop-erty was established as Bothwell StatePark. It later was transitioned into ahistoric site in recognition of its dis-tinct historic value.

Today, the site offers outdoor hik-ing and mountain biking opportunitiesfor visitors to experience on twopaths: Stonyridge and Radiant trails.Stonyridge Trail was the originaldriveway that Bothwell built in the20th century that led to the top of thebluff and Bothwell’s lodge.

Along the trail, there are two stonestructures that were built by Bothwellin the early 1900s: the Gypsy Campand the Gazebo. Radiant Trail wasbuilt and completed by volunteers in2006. The name of the trail comesfrom a favorite poem of Bothwell’s,Life in Abundance by Elbert Hubbard.

To view the tour schedule or to findmore information on Bothwell LodgeState Historic Site, visitmostateparks.com.

Josh Expose was a 2015 summer in-tern with Missouri State Parks, a divi-sion of the Missouri Department ofNatural Resources.

6 Missouri Resources

ith the theme for the 2015 na-tional Envirothon competitionbeing Welcome to the OZarks –

a spin-off of the Wizard of Oz, the five-member Envirothon team from Missouriquickly realized there’s no place like home.

Missouri hosted the 2015 National Con-servation Foundation Envirothon, NorthAmerica’s largest high school environmentalcompetition, and Missouri’s team took firstplace at home. They also received the top re-source awards in the following categories:current issue, aquatics, and oral presenta-tion. Each student received a $3,000 schol-arship provided by Smithfield Foods.

Two hundred sixty students from 44states, seven Canadian provinces, and oneCanadian territory made their way to thecampus of Missouri State University in

Springfield on July 27 for the weeklongevent. Pembroke Hill High School fromJackson County represented Missouri at the2015 NCF-Envirothon. They competedagainst 16 teams to win the state Envi-rothon competition in early May 2015.Team members were Eric Koch, DomenicoDiMare, Saurabh Goel, Francesco DiMareand Devon Dietrich. Their advisors wereSueAnn and Rick Wright.

After students unloaded, unpacked, reg-istered and got their team pictures taken, atrading session followed later that evening,giving students a chance to interact witheach other. Students rushed from one tableto another, trading T-shirts, hats and a vari-ety of other items that proudly displayedtheir state or province’s name. The openingceremony was held the next morning and

by Judy Stinson

Envirothon participants fromPembroke Hill High Schoolpose for a photograph infront of a Wizard of Oz-

themed backdrop. The 2015Envirothon theme was

“Welcome to the OZarks.”Pembroke Hill also won the2012 national competition,

held in Pennsylvania.

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(Left, below and bottom) The Envirothon is a “day in the field”that tests students’ knowledge and problem-solving skills atfour ecostations – Soils/Land Use, Aquatic Ecology, Forestry,Wildlife, and a fifth station for oral presentations on current en-vironmental issues.

Jan Fisk, a Springfield city councilwoman,delivered a proclamation from the mayorthat declared July 27-31 as EnvirothonWeek in the city.

ollowing the opening ceremony, stu-dents participated in an intense week of

training and testing about natural resources.

Training sites at Bois D’Arc ConservationArea, The Watershed Center and FassnightPark provided excellent opportunities tolearn more about environmental resourcesof the Ozarks. The students spent severalhours at resource stations learning aboutaquatic ecology, forestry, soils and land use,wildlife and urban forestry.

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more environmental topics were included inthe students’ notebooks.

fter a full day of intense training onMissouri’s resources, the students

ventured out for a full day of testing atNathanael Greene/Close Memorial Park andthe Darr Agricultural Center. During testingthey examined wildlife pelts, fish, streamsand trees. Competitors were clearly up forthe challenge, in fact, most started studyingresource materials long before they arrivedin Springfield.

“As the test writer coordinator for thisevent, I realize that one of the most impor-tant features of the Envirothon competitionis the emphasis placed on hands-on, prob-lem-solving activities that the students useat all the testing stations, said DeDe Vest,urban conservationist for the Natural Re-sources Conservation Services. “This pro-gram encourages students in the UnitedStates and Canada to become better envi-ronmental stewards of our land,” Vestadded. “The test uses the ecosystem ap-proach and allows students to understandhow everything works together.”

More challenges awaited the students.They still had to prepare an oral presenta-tion but that would have to wait for later.After a long day of testing, they relaxed at adance provided by the Envirothon commit-tee. The next day everyone went to SilverDollar City for a day of fun and adventure.This allowed all the participants an opportu-nity to see a little bit of southwest Missouri.

On Friday, students spent the afternoonpreparing their oral presentations after gath-ering information from three speakers who

(Above and below) Envi-rothon competitors give anoral presentation and par-ticipate in hands-on prob-

lem-solving activities.

The competitors saw karst topography,including a spring and a sinkhole, whilethey learned about watersheds. They kneltin soil pits, walked in the woods and care-fully examined different methods of pro-tecting trees during construction. Notesabout the social and economic benefits oftrees, conservation, preservation and many

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presented training that morning. On Satur-day, between games of table football, cardsand much-needed naps, teams practicedtheir speeches and waited anxiously fortheir turn to present.

After preliminary presentations, the topfour teams were announced: Massachusetts,Texas, Pennsylvania and Missouri. Eachteam then gave a final presentation to apanel of seven judges, including MissouriDepartment of Natural Resources DirectorSara Parker Pauley. Other judges includedMike Squires from the Natural ResourcesConservation Service; Tim Ripperger fromthe Missouri Department of Conservation;Sue Cummings from the U.S. Forest Serv-ice; Rob Keen, a registered professionalforester from Ontario, Canada;Richard Fordyce, director ofthe Missouri Department ofAgriculture; and Nedra Turneyfrom the National Conserva-tion Foundation.

ore than 150 volunteershelped with the week-

long event, including represen-tatives from the Missouri De-partment of Natural Resources,Missouri soil and water con-servation districts, MissouriAssociation of Soil and WaterConservation Districts, Mis-souri Association of Soil andWater Conservation DistrictsEmployee’s Association, Mis-souri Department of Conserva-tion, Natural Resources Con-servation Service, Universityof Missouri Extension, and theSpringfield community, as wellas others.

At the closing ceremonyColleen Meredith, the Department of Natu-ral Resources’ Soil and Water Conservationprogram director, accepted an award recog-nizing the department for its continued sup-port of the Envirothon.

Like Dorothy in the Wizard of Oz, all260 students that participated in this nation-al Envirothon event took a journey that pro-vided them with numerous life lessonsalong the way. They learned the value offriendship they found with students fromother states, provinces and territories. AllEnvirothon competitors found themselveschallenged mentally and physically, andlearned to trust their teammates, realizing

that the end score they received requiredtheir ability to work together.

After the grueling but rewarding week-long event, the five Missouri students, theiradvisors, and all the Missourians involvedin the competition agreed – there really isno place like home! More information aboutthe Missouri Envirothon can be found atmoenvirothon.org.

Judy Stinson is an environmental educationspecialist for the Department of Natural Re-sources’ Soil and Water Conservation Pro-gram. She serves as co-chair of Missouri’sannual Envirothon competition.

(Top and above) Two hun-dred sixty students from 44states, seven Canadianprovinces and one Canadi-an territory took part in the2015 National Envirothon atMissouri State University in Springfield.

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P esticides are designed to get rid of unwantedinsects and related pests, but what happenswhen the hazardous pesticides themselves

become unwanted?In barns, sheds and basements throughout Mis-

souri, unused containers of pesticides sit – some-times for decades – with the farmer or homeownerhaving few options for their proper disposal. Thesecontainers would sit on the shelves as silent threatsto both our health and natural resources. But, since2012, the Missouri Department of Natural Resourceshas been providing convenient opportunities for usto rid ourselves of these pesky poisons.

The department has conducted 26pesticide drop-off events – knowncollectively as the Missouri Pesti-cide Collection Program – through-out the state, collecting nearly200,000 pounds of pesticides. Thepesticide drop-off events are free toMissouri residents.

“Almost everybody in the farm-ing public has a jug, a container ormultiple containers of product that’sgotten old,” said Trent Haggard, di-rector of the University of Mis-souri’s Delta Research Center inPortageville in southeast Missouri.The department partnered with theDelta Research Center in May on acollection that netted nearly 30,000pounds of pesticides.

Most of the participants in theprogram are grateful for the oppor-tunity to dispose of these chemicals,according to C.J. Plassmeyer, an en-

(Above and above right)Hazardous waste contrac-tors sort pesticide wasteinto plastic-lined boxes,based upon physical and

chemical properties. An ab-sorbent material is added to

the boxes to further secure the contents.

Missouri Pesticide Collection Program:

by Larry Archer photographs by Ben Nickelson

vironmental specialist who coordinates thepesticide drop-offs for the department’sHazardous Waste Program.

“They’re almost to the point they’re re-lieved to get this stuff out of their barns andhomes,” Plassmeyer said.

How long some of these pesticides havebeen collecting dust is evident by the typesof chemicals staff and contractors are see-ing, according to Plassmeyer.

“We’ve collected DDT, which is a pesti-cide that was banned in 1972, at nearlyevery event,” he said.

Haggard pointed out that many of theparticipants he spoke with were bringing inleftovers that spanned generations.

“I had conversations with folks andasked, ‘How old do you think some of thisis?’ and some of them would say, ‘I thinkthis was my grandfather’s, and I think thesewere my dad’s,’” he said.

The program begins its fifth year in 2016,and is likely to continue beyond – de-

pending on funding, Plassmeyer said. TheMissouri Pesticide Collection Programwebpage – dnr.mo.gov/env/hwp/pesticide –provides information about scheduled col-lections and the safe use and disposal ofhazardous pesticides.

The department also offers participantssuggestions for avoiding future pesticidesurpluses. Suggestions include carefullyreading the product label before buying inorder to make sure what is being purchasedis the right product for the job, and in an

amount sufficient to get the job done with-out leftovers.

There is no paperwork, and staff only askparticipants three questions: if the partici-pant is a Missouri resident or farmer (thecollections are not open to businesses); howthe participant learned of the event (in orderto better publicize future events); and whattown the participant is from (to determinehow far people are traveling for the pesti-cide drop-offs).

Haggard said the farmers with whom he

spoke were impressed by the ef-ficiency with which staff andcontractors handle the collectionand disposal process.

“All they had to do was bringit. Drop it off. No strings at-tached. They were just blownaway by just how simple andeasy this was,” Haggard said.

“They drive up; everybodystarts picking everything offtheir truck and processing it. Allof a sudden you have an empty truck and you’re done.”

Larry Archer is the division in-formation officer for the depart-ment’s Division of Environmen-tal Quality. Dennis Hansen, anenvironmental specialist withthe department’s HazardousWaste Program, contributed tothis article.

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(Below) Contractors collectwaste pesticides from a par-ticipant’s vehicle.

(Below) A “Cubic Yard Box” full of wastepesticide is weighed prior to beingshipped to an offsite incinerator.

T he Missouri Department ofNatural Resources received 210 entries for its second

annual MissouriDNR Photo Contestheld March 1-Aug. 1. First, secondand third places, as well as an honor-able mention were selected from eachof the three categories – Natural Re-sources, People Enjoying Missouri’sWaterways, and Unique Places.

Joy Park, a 16-year-old from Co-lumbia was pleased to find a brief mo-

ment of silence while visiting Cosmo-Bethel Park. Her second-place win-ning photograph documented a pair ofswans she had watched before, how-ever, this time they both appearedwholly in nature.

She wrote, “The local lake’s clarityintensified, and the pair of swans thatI so often saw appeared 10 times asmajestic. As the swans were feeding,their heads popped out of the water,creating ripples every which way.

Water dripped from their radiant or-ange beaks, encouraging the ripples towiden. They were so crisp and soclear, hence the name of (her) photo-graph, ‘Clarity.’”

Congratulations to everyone whoentered the contest and helped capturethe beauty of Missouri’s natural andcultural resources.

To learn more about the 2015 MissouriDNR Photo Contest, visitdnr.mo.gov/photocontest.

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2015 MissouriDNR Photo Contest Winners

Don York, Ballwin Round Spring - Round Spring, Shannon County

Natural Resources

Marty McKay, Alton, Ill.March Sunrise at the Riverlands - Riverlands, St. Charles County

Joy Park, ColumbiaClarity - Cosmo-Bethel Park,Columbia

Don York, BallwinAlley Spring - Alley Spring,Shannon County

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People Enjoying Missouri’s Waterways

Stephen Carter, WildwoodFoggy Morning on Table Rock Lake - TableRock Lake, Stone County (left)

Marty McKay, Alton, Ill.Fall Sailing on the Mississippi - St. Charles County (above)

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Eric Allen, ColumbiaFall on Cedar Creek - RutherfordBridge, Boone County (above)

Don York, BallwinKayak Championships -Millstream GardensConservation Area, Shannon County (right)

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Unique Places

Steve Eichelberger,ColumbiaRushing Water - Dillard MillState Historic Site, Davisville(above)

Eric Nichols, O’FallonMorning at Montauk - MontaukState Park, Salem (right)

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Chris Heffner, FultonBike Ride! - Katy Trail StatePark, Boone County

Jane Linders, Maryland HeightsHa Ha Tonka Walkway - Ha Ha Tonka State Park, Camden County

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Benton Home ChroniclesArtist’s Amazing Journeyby Josh Expose photographs by Ben Nickelson

W hen Thomas Hart Benton was 7 years old, he used char-coal to draw a long train on the wall that ran up the stair-

case in his parents’ home in Neosho, Mo. The drawing was notwell received, but it did mark the beginning of Benton’s jour-ney as an artist.

“Thomas Hart Benton liked to draw and doodle from a veryearly age, especially trains, people he knew, and Custer’s LastStand,” said Steve Sitton, site administrator at Thomas HartBenton Home and Studio State Historic Site, located in KansasCity, Mo.

In 1897 after the family moved to Washington, D.C., Ben-ton’s mother enrolled him in art classes at the Corcoran

(Above left) A classroom drawing, done under the instruction of Ernest Peixotto, is one of the earliest surviving drawings by Thomas Hart Benton.

(Below) Thomas Hart Benton Home and Studio State Historic Site in Kansas City was Benton’s home from 1936 until he died in 1975.

Gallery. In 1906, at the age of 16, Benton worked as acartoonist for the Joplin American newspaper, pro-ducing exaggerated caricatures of local businessmenand politicians. The next year, he enrolled at the ArtInstitute of Chicago. “From the moment I first stuckmy brush in a fat glob of color, I gave up the idea ofnewspaper cartooning,” Benton said. “I made up mymind that I was going to become a painter.”

The public can learn more about the life of Bentonand view some of his artwork at the Thomas HartBenton Home and Studio. The collection now in-cludes a 1907 drawing – the earliest Benton piece toever to be exhibited – added on April 21, 2015.

“There is very little of Tom Benton’s early workwhich survived,” said Sitton. “His parents’ home inNeosho burned in 1917, destroying almost all ofTom’s childhood and student pieces. This is only thesecond time this particular drawing has been on pub-lic exhibit, the previous time in Joplin in 1973,” Sit-ton explained.

The drawing on display at the site was createdwhile Benton was a student under the instruction ofmuralist Ernest Peixotto. It features a seated girl in agypsy costume and is composed in pen and ink, withan intricate web of lines to build tone and texture. Thewoman is a model Peixotto brought to the classroom.

During his early years as an art student, Benton wasstill developing his skills as he experimented with

different styles of sketching and painting; he had notdeveloped the unique style he is known for today.

“Benton can be considered a 20th-Century Man-nerist painter,” said Sitton. “He uses exaggerated andelongated figures, flowing lines, strong light sources,and rich colors.”

An example of that definitive style can be seen atthe State Capitol in Jefferson City. “The Social Histo-ry of Missouri” is a mural that focuses on a commontheme for Benton’s artworks – the action of everydaypeople on the development of land.

Thomas Benton lived in his Kansas City homefrom 1936 until his death in 1975. Visitors can viewthe drawing during a tour of the site, which are con-ducted on a seasonal schedule. From April throughOctober, tours are held from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. onMonday, and Thursday through Saturday, as well asfrom 12 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Sunday. November throughMarch, tours are conducted 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Mondayand Thursday through Saturday as well as 11 a.m. to 4p.m. on Sunday. Thomas Hart Benton Home and Stu-dio State Historic Site is located at 3616 BelleviewAve. in Kansas City.

Josh Expose was a 2015 summer intern with MissouriState Parks.

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(Above) Visitors to the studio can see the numerous tools and mate-rials Benton enlisted to make his creations.(Bottom) Knowledgeable interpreters conduct 45-minute guidedtours of the Benton studio and home.

The Battle of Island MoundWins Emmy Awards

The Battle ofIsland Mound,filmed at Battleof Island MoundState Historic

Site near Butler, won two EmmyAwards at the 2015 Mid-AmericaEmmy Awards Oct. 3, in St. Louis. Thefilm was a collaborative effort betweenMissouri State Parks and St. Louis-based filmmaker Brant Hadfield.Awards were received for Best Histori-cal Documentary and in recognition ofthe film’s cinematography.

Earlier this summer, Gov. Jay Nixonincluded a DVD copy of The Battle ofIsland Mound in the Missouri StateCapitol’s Centennial Time Capsule.The short documentary highlights thestory of the Battle of Island Mound,the first instance of African-Americantroops being directed to oppose

forces aligned with the Confederacyduring the American Civil War.

In addition to purchasing the movieonline at mostateparks.com/shop/civilwar.htm, the public can view thefilm as a part of an exhibit at the BruceR. Watkins Cultural Heritage Center inKansas City.

Missouri State ParksMarks 1,000th Mile of Trails

Missouri State Parks officiallyopened the 1,000th Mile Trail at HarryS Truman State Park on Oct. 23.

The 1-mile loop trail, open to day-use hikers, was built primarily by parkstaff and will feature the interpretationof ongoing glade restoration. Hikerswill be able to see and learn about therestoration of the area. The trail in-cludes a scenic overlook with a spec-tacular view of Truman Lake. With thetrail’s opening, the state park system

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dnr

The photo at right, titled, “Working onthe levee at Bird’s Point, Missouri, dur-ing the height of the flood,” was taken byRussell Lee in January 1937. At thattime, the Bird’s Point-New Madrid flood-way was put into use for the very firsttime. After dynamite was used to acti-vate the floodway and as the river levelcontinued to rise, men hired by the fed-eral Works Progress Administrationfilled and stacked sandbags to bolsterthe land side of the untested setbacklevee. This prevented floodwaters fromreaching rich Missouri farmland.

Lee was hired by the Farm SecurityAdministration Photographic Documen-tation Project in 1936.

Some of the most iconic images produced by the FSA were captured by Lee, contributing to a collection of images thatin 1973 were referred to by author F. Jack Hurley as part of “the greatest documentary collection which has ever been as-sembled in this country.” In 1947, Lee moved to Austin, Tex., and in 1965 became the first photography instructor at the Uni-versity of Texas.

Photo from the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection, LC-DIG-fsa-8a21671.

Send your photo to “Time Exposures,” c/o Missouri Resources, PO Box 176, Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176. Original photos will be returned viainsured mail. Pre-1980 environmental and natural resource photos from Missouri will be considered. Please try to include the date and location ofthe picture, a brief description and any related historic details that may be of interest to our readers.

Time Exposures

officially includes a cumulative 1,000miles of trail.

In 2013, Missouri was named theBest Trails State by American Trails, anational, nonprofit organization work-ing on behalf of the nation’s hiking,biking and riding trails.

February is EarthquakeAwareness Month

Each Febru-ary, Missouri ob-serves Earth-quakeAwarenessMonth. If you

are not already earthquake aware,now is the time to learn and be pre-pared in the event of an earthquake.

Missourians expect and prepare forthe hazards of snow, ice, tornadoesand floods, but the potential for earth-quakes may not appear on every fami-ly’s hazard list.

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For news releases on the Web, visitdnr.mo.gov/news.

For a complete listing of the department’supcoming meetings, hearings and events, visitthe department’s online calendar atdnr.mo.gov/calendar/search.do.

Looking for a job in natural resources?Go to dnr.mo.gov/hr.

dnrSmall earthquakes occur daily in

Missouri and three of the largest expe-rienced in the continental UnitedStates occurred in Missouri in the win-ter of 1811-12 in the New Madrid Seis-mic Zone. The risk of a similar earth-quake remains.

Earthquakes are a natural hazardthat no one can accurately predict.Preparing and planning is essential forearthquake safety. To raise aware-ness, geologists with the Missouri De-partment of Natural Resources willpartner with local, state and federalagencies and organizations by partici-pating in a number of public activitiesto provide educational opportunitiesrelating to earthquakes.

Learn more at dnr.mo.gov/geology/geosrv/earthquakes.htm.

Department Receives $6 Million for Water Resource Projects

In January 2015, The United StatesDepartment of Agriculture’s (USDA)Natural Resources Conservation Serv-ice (NRCS) announced funding tohigh-impact conservation projectsacross the nation under the new Re-gional Conservation Partnership Pro-gram (RCPP). The RCPP is designedto build partnerships that target con-servation goals on a regional or water-shed scale.

The NRCS will contribute $6 millionto Missouri DNR through RCPP, withpartners contributing $15.6 million.

This project will use Our MissouriWaters (OMW) to further implementfarm practices in basins throughoutMissouri. OMW provides a water re-source framework that values localleadership and provides technical andfinancial assistance to aid locals insolving natural resource problems.The primary goals of this project willbe maximizing improvements in waterquality and wildlife habitat.

Contributing partners include: Mis-souri Association of Councils of Gov-ernments; University of Missouri Ex-tension; Missouri Corn GrowersAssociation; Missouri Soybean Asso-ciation; Lincoln University; Women,

Food and Ag Network; and the Mis-souri Department of Conservation.

Former Gas Plant toBecome Dental School

The Missouri Department of NaturalResources has issued a certificate ofcompletion to A.T. Still University inKirksville, allowing the university tobuild a dental school on the site of aformer manufactured gas plant.

In 2005, the department’s Brown-fields/Voluntary Cleanup Program hadissued a certificate of completion forthe site, located at 118 S. Wabash St.,allowing for it to be used as a parkinglot. A.T. Still reopened the site in 2012to work with the department to deter-mine requirements for ensuring the

Our Missouri waters are not only essential for our health and quality of life; they alsoplay a critical role in the state’s overall economic well-being. Our lakes, rivers andstreams provide us withquality drinking water,abundant fish stocks, irri-gation, recreation andother vital services.Ensuring we are able toenjoy these waters today,as well as for future gener-ations is a driving forcebehind the MissouriDepartment of NaturalResources’ mission.

The department’s OurMissouri Waters effort hasbeen empowering thoseliving, working and recre-ating in Missouri’s 66 watersheds to share valuable information with us. These part-nerships help keep our precious waters protected – after all they belong to all of us.We’re excited to continue this journey and report that conversations are expandingaround the state – from the Sac River watershed in southwest Missouri to the SaltRiver basin in the northeast; from the Upper Mississippi-Cape Girardeau in south-east Missouri to the Lower Missouri-Crooked nearKansas City. Let’s keep this momentum going!Learn how you can become involved by contact-ing your local watershed coordinator by visitingdnr.mo.gov/omw.

Watershed Support Continues to Grow

The Missouri River Corridor Watersheds include the

Independence-Sugar; Lower Missouri-Crooked;

Lower Missouri-Moreau; and the Lower Missouri.

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area was safe for the dental school.The parking lot was one of several

highlighted in the Fall 2015 MissouriResources story, “From Eyesore toAsset – Rural Brownfield Sites GoingBack to Work.”

More information on the Brown-fields/Voluntary Cleanup Program isavailable online at dnr.mo.gov/env/hwp/bvcp/hwpvcp.htm.

topspots

In several of Missouri’s state parks and historic sites, guests can learnabout history that emphasizes African-Americans’ impact in the state.

During Black History Month in February, plan a visit to Battle of IslandMound State Historic Site, Washington State Park near De Soto or ScottJoplin State Historic Site, on Delmar Blvd. in St. Louis.

The Battle of Island Mound State Historic Site, located near Butler in Bates County, encompasses 40 acres. The site interprets the Battle of Is-land Mound, which took place in late October 1862. About 220 members of the First Colored Volunteer Infantry – most of them freed or escaped slaves – marched into Missouri with orders to clear out a band of South-ern-sympathizing guerillas. Although outnumbered, the black troops fought back until the attackers fled.

Black history also is on display at Washington State Park, where someof the park’s structures were built by African-American Civilian Conser-vation Corps (CCC) workers. Some 100 young black men, primarily fromthe St. Louis area, formed company 1743 and worked at the park from1934-1939. The CCC projects there include a dining hall decorated with astone thunderbird, an octagonal shelter high on a bluff overlooking theBig River valley, and the beautiful 1000 Steps Trail.

At Scott Joplin State Historic Site in St. Louis, visitors can learn aboutthe musician who was able to master both the formal structure of classicalmusic and the free-flowing, improvisational, artistic expression of blackmusicians from the minstrel tradition. The site features a 100-year-oldKimball upright piano. Lit by gaslight, the home is furnished as it wouldhave been when Joplin was composing the songs that would make him anational phenomenon. Visitors can listen to a piano roll of Joplin’s famousmelodies at the end of the tour.

Top Spots to Explore Black History

(Left) A group of reenactorseducated guests about thehistory of Buffalo Soldiersduring an event commemorat-ing the Battle of Island Moundat the historic site near Butler. (Below) African-AmericanCCC workers built this octag-onal shelter at WashingtonState Park near De Soto.

22 Missouri Resources

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J ust minutes from Columbia,Rock Bridge Memorial State

Park gives visitors the chance toscramble, hike and bicycle througha scenic environment – and letsthem peek into Missouri’s under-world. One of the park’s most populartrails is the Devil’s Icebox Trail.

Primarily a boardwalk with severalshort spurs, viewing platforms andnumerous stairs, the trail takes visi-tors to the most impressive geologicalfeatures in the park, including the 63-foot-high natural tunnel known as theRock Bridge, and the double sinkholeentrance to Devil’s Icebox and Con-

nor’s Cave. Also of interest are alimestone glade, Connor’s Springand a valley formed by the col-lapse of part of the Devil’s IceboxCave system. Displays tell visi-tors more about the cave systemand the area’s history.

Guests also can hike down thestairs to the double-cave entrance.Devil’s Icebox Cave is closed tothe public. Visitors are permittedto wade in the undergroundstream at the cave entrance andinto the 150-foot-long Connor’sCave, downstream from Devil’sIcebox Cave. Flashlights, helmetsand good shoes are recommendedfor the journey.

This natural wonder also has acultural history. The stream thatexits Devil’s Icebox Cave andflows through the rock bridge wasa source of power for settlers inthe 1800s. A stone dam was builtat the rock bridge to help harnessthe water’s power to operate agrist mill. The first paper millwest of the Mississippi River wasestablished at the site in 1834,followed by a whiskey distilleryin 1847.

A blacksmith shop, store, severalhomes and roads completed the once-

thriving community of Pierpont(French for rock bridge). The tinycommunity is just south of the park’ssouthernmost border in Boone County.

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trailshighlight

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at Rock Bridge Memorial State Park

The half-mile Devil’s Icebox Trailloops around the Spring Branch, of-fering many scenic views.

(Top) Guests to Rock Bridge Memorial StatePark take part in the “First Day Hike” event onNew Year’s Day 2015.(Above) The trail’s boardwalk makes for aneasy hike, even after a fresh snow.

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24 Missouri Resources

RockMatters

Calcite is deposited bysolutions, either ordinary

groundwater solutions or thoserelated to the action of heatedwater in the earth’s crust. It is com-monly associated with ore deposits andthe cementing medium in sandstones. Eventhe lime deposit in the bottom of a teakettle, waterheater or boiler is primarily calcite.

Crystals of calcite vary in size from microscopic to sever-al feet in length and may weigh as much as severalhundred pounds each. Some of the largest calcite crys-tals found in Missouri came from Crystal Cave, nearJoplin, where they are called “glass tiff.” Crystal Cavewas encountered during the mining of zinc-lead depositsin that area.

Calcite crystals occur in a variety of shapes. In Missouri,they frequently are elongated, sharply pyramidal crystalsthat resemble the teeth of a dog. Most calcite is color-less, white or pale amber. It is easily scratched with aknife and breaks readily into perfect rhombohedra-shaped (six-sided) fragments. Transparent fragmentsexhibit the optical property of double refraction. Forexample, a pencil line viewed through the fragment willappear double.

Since calcite can have many appearances, thesimplest way to determine if a mineral is calcite is

to test its reaction to a dilute acid such as vinegar.Calcite will readily react with acid by producing smallbubbles of CO2 similar to those formed when you opena bottle of soda and pour it into a glass. Calcite uses arenumerous. It is found in many everyday products suchas shoe polish, bathroom cleaner and it is in some foodsand vitamin and mineral supplements. Calcite is used asan abrasive ingredient in toothpaste to provide cleaningpower. It can be used in the manufacture of glass,paper, plastics, thermoplastics, rubber, ink, paint, white-wash, dyes, adhesives, coatings and sealants. Becausecalcite is in limestone, it is an important ingredient inmortar and Portland cement. Limestone is used in themanufacture of lime that has a wide range of usesincluding ag lime for agricultural purposes and quicklime for masonry jobs. It also is used for statuary andcarvings, and as polished slabs used as facing stone for buildings.

Considering the many uses of calcite, it is a mineral wecould not do without. A large calcite specimen is on dis-play at the Ed Clark Museum of Missouri Geology. Themuseum is located at 111 Fairgrounds Road, in Rolla,and is open weekdays from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Learnmore at dnr.mo.gov/geology/edclarkmuseum.htm.

calcite Calcite gets its name from “calx,” the Latin word for lime. It is a common

rock-forming mineral composed of calcium carbonate, with the chemicalformula of CaCO3. The principal mineral in limestone, it also occurs asdistinct crystals within cavities of limestone and dolomite.

(Left) Calcite is a mineral used in many ways, serving as a constructionmaterial, a pigment, an agricultural soil additive and an ingredient in phar-maceutical products, among others. DNR photo by Hylan Beydler

Our planet is one rich with water, but fresh, clean water is one of our scarcest resources.Fresh water accounts for only 3 percent of the total water on earth, and nearly 69 percent ofit is trapped in glaciers.

Americans have access to some of the safest tap water in theworld, but how much do we use? An average person in theU.S. typically uses about 100 gallons of water per day for

things like drinking, hygiene and to prepare food, with most being used to flush toilets, batheand wash clothes.

When we look past what humans personally use, a large amount of our fresh water also istapped for things like crop irrigation and electricity generation. These two categories aloneaccount for 80 percent of U.S. water usage. This makes water a resource that certainlyshould not be wasted.

While our lakes and rivers supply much of the water that comes out of our faucets, keeping those watersources clean and healthy helps ensure that our drinking water is among the safest in the world. We eachmust do our part to help keep it that way.

Read more about how we use water at water.epa.gov/learn/kids/drinkingwater/water_trivia_facts.cfm.

did youknow

U.S. Uses Approximately 400Billion Gallons of Water Per Day

World Studios, manager of the Chronister dig site and di-rector of excavations.

Onsite, Stewart observed several neatly stacked bonesthe family had found while digging a well. He recognizedthem as being dinosaur bones, and found more bones 9 feetbelow the surface. The bones were embedded in clay in-side the well, marking the first known discovery of di-nosaur remains in Missouri. Lula Chronister, owner of theproperty, gave the bones to Stewart so they could be exam-ined by paleontologists. They were identified as belongingto a hadrosaur – a plant-eater having more than 1,000teeth. Chronister sold the bones to the Smithsonian Institu-tion, where they reside today. The hadrosaur namedHypsibema missouriense became Missouri’s official statedinosaur in 2004, two years before Stewart’s passing.

Linda Wallace, granddaughter of Mrs. Chronister, andother family members were recognized during the ceremo-ny. Darrough presented Stewart’s granddaughter, LeAnnGilbert, a plaque created in his honor.

It was my (author Beydler) pleasure to present LeAnn areproduction of Stewart’s field notebook in which he notedthe bones he observed in the well. Since the mid-1800s ourgeologists have recorded their observations in notebooks.Thanks to a cooperative effort with the U.S. GeologicalSurvey’s National Geological and Geophysical DataPreservation Program, these books will be available onlineafter all have been scanned. Read more at dnr.mo.gov/geology/fieldnotebooks.html.

Located in Marble Hill, the Bollinger County Museumof Natural History has replicas of the bones, a life-sizemodel of the dinosaur made by Lost World Studios, andmore. You can learn more at bcmnh.org and lostworldstudios.com.

The Ed Clark Museum of Missouri Geology, 111 Fair-grounds Road in Rolla, displays replicas of the bones and amodel of the dinosaur, also made by Lost World Studios.Learn more at dnr.mo.gov/geology/edclarkmuseum.htm.

Hylan Beydler is division information officer for the Mis-souri Geological Survey, a division of the Missouri De-partment of Natural Resources.

Winter 2016 25

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The Bollinger County Museum of Natural History wasthe place to be October 10, when family members of

the late Daniel R. Stewart, a mining engineer with the Mis-souri Geological Survey and graduate of the MissouriSchool of Mines and Metallurgy (now Missouri Universityof Science and Technology), were special guests.

The occasion marked an important discovery in 1942when Stewart was researching clay deposits in BollingerCounty near the town of Glen Allen. While examining anoutcrop of clay in a creek bank, a young boy, Ole Chronis-ter, poked his head over the top of the bank and asked whatStewart was doing.

“When Ole learned Dan was researching clay in the area,he told Dan there was clay on his family’s property and heinvited Dan to investigate,” said Guy Darrough of Lost

Late Geologist Stewart Honoredby Hylan Beydler

The hadrosaur named Hypsibemamissouriense became Missouri’s off icial state dinosaur in 2004, twoyears before Stewart’s passing.

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Daniel R. Stewart – his 1942 discovery made history inBollinger County and Missouri.

MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCESPO Box 176Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176

Nonprofit Org.US POSTAGE PAID

MO Dept. ofNatural

Resources

Trout Opening 2016The opening of the catch-and-keeptrout fishing season on March 1

marks the beginning of the seasonthat runs until Oct. 31.

Opening officially begins at 6:30 a.m.at Bennett Spring State Park

near Lebanon, Montauk State Parknear Salem, and Roaring River

State Park near Cassville. Make your plans to cast a line

this season at mostateparks.com.