Mission San Gabriel was 4th of the 21 missions.Mission San Gabriel was 4 of the 21 missions.The mission was made in September 8 ,1771.Mission San Gabriel was founded by Fr PedroMission San Gabriel was founded by Fr. PedroCambon, Fr. Angel Somera, on a site previouslychosen by Fr Serrachosen by Fr. Serra.

My Mission

Two quadrangles covered several acres with Two quadrangles covered several acres with buildings for sleeping , storing , kitchens, and shops

At one time Mission San Gabriel had the biggest winery in California with 3 wine presses.

The original bell tower was at the north east The original bell tower was at the north east corner of the church was clobbered by an earthquake. It was replaced by a campanario(bell tower) at the south end of the church . There were 6 bells of different sizes in

i h t t fit th b ll Th ld t b ll i niches cut to fit the bells . The oldest bell was in Mexico city in 1795,2 others are the original set and 2 large bells weighing 2000 pounds The , and 2 large bells weighing 2000 pounds. The

campanario was located at the long side wall of the church.

The mission got the name “Mother of California The mission got the name Mother of California Agriculture” . The reason why is because produced more farm produce than any other mission with a livestock of over 20,000 head.

An aqueduct attracted water towered the mission from a nearby lake. The gardens were closed with 12 foot fences made of cactus. Land was also used for vineyards and land for cattlefor vineyards , and land for cattle.

The Archangel Gabriel is the saint because she The Archangel Gabriel is the saint because she told Mary of Jesus.

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Franciscans replaced by pastors working

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went toestablish

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repaired bell tower

replaced by campanario

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secularized property to pay dept by governor in

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churchfinished in

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for a bishop mission

turns into a parish

h h

Roof replaced

gin 1781 . church

in1852.

pwith

shingles in 1886.

Mission moved to

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Stone Churchbuilding

San Gabriel makes a

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church and

Vaulted roof replaced by a flat roof 1775

FR.Cruzdoand

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building Starts

production

called the Guadalupe

in 1830.

Franciscans in 1843.

destroys bell tower in 1812 .

yafter

earthquakein 1804.

Property returned

to In 1779.charge of mission.

catholic church in 1859.

•The church is 150 feet long ,27 feet wide and 30 feet tall.g ,

•Was made of stone and concrete up to the windows and then burnt brick above.

•Roof changed through the years from vaulted concrete to a flat roof of brick and •Roof changed through the years from vaulted concrete, to a flat roof of brick and mortar, then aPitched roof of tiles , finally a roof of shingles.

This mission was built like a fort , but it was also This mission was built like a fort , but it was also a copy of the Cathedral of Cordova . The mission had capped buttresses outside the mission’s walls and windows . The outside stairway acts like cathedral because it leads to a h i l ftchoir loft.

The walls of the mission were 4-5 feet thick , and 7 feet at the buttresses . The walls were made very thick so they could withstand earthquakes . Some walls were made with adobe bricks . To make the b i k h h ld i i h h bricks the neophytes would mix water with the adobe , and then add grass, and straw . Next the neophytes would stomp on the adobe to mix it . Th it ld d i t b i k d t i th Then it was molded into bricks and set in the sun to dry . Then a neophyte would guard the bricks from animals . Even though these bricks were t th d d h l b th i ld strong they needed help because the rain would

wash the adobe away. So they put white water proof plaster on it.

Like each mission solders were stationed at the mission to protect i f ff lik I di Th i d h i i it from stuff like Indians .The groups assigned to the missions had 4-6 solders in a group under a corporal. In their barracks they had beds of wooden frames with raw hide stretched over it. The solders were called solados de cuera meaning leather it. The solders were called solados de cuera meaning leather jackets. This was their armor against arrows. The equipment they had were horses, shields, mules, lances, muskets, and a broadsword. Although the soldiers were supposed to help the

d th ld did ’t h t th l l l t th padres the solders didn’t have to they were only loyal to the Spanish governor. Often they disliked each other. Later the Spaniards made presidios or forts to put bigger groups of soldiers from 25-50.Though solders had to live with Indiansg

they didn’t like them . They would mess with them or even kill them . As the missions became secularized the Solder number decreased until the missions fell out of power.

I 1908 th i i i b k t th Cl t i Mi i f th h h In 1908 the mission was given back to the Claretain Missionary fathers who have restored the mission ever since. The mission was in good shape until the 1987 earthquake that made places of the mission off limits. Only the cemetery and patio grounds can be visited . But now everything is repaired. I know because I was there. g y g pWhen I went there the mission had a huge winery, a beautiful church , and an amazing patio. In my opinion this is my favorite mission.

St. of the mission is GabrielAdobe clay was used to build the wallsAdobe clay was used to build the wallsNative Americans were the Tongva

Got the nickname “pride of the mission”pA leader in agricultureBrings lots of candles to other missionsRings bells for eventsIs wealthy from candles soap leather and cropsIs wealthy from candles , soap ,leather, and cropsEconomy is goodLeads wine industry with one of the worlds biggest wineries