MIPEX: Labour market mobility andmigrant education policies in the EU

Tool to compare, analyse, and improve integration policy

• Do all residents have equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities to become equal members of society & citizens?

• Benchmark policies and implementation measures, according to European & international standards

• Public “Quick Reference Guide”

• Strictly scrutinise policy objectives, progress, and results

Largest and most rigorous study of its kind (148 policy indicators)

7 Policy Areas for immigrants to participate in society:1) Labour market mobility* 2) Family reunion* 3) Education 4) Political participation* 5) Long-term residence* 6) Access to nationality 7) Anti-discrimination

•Covers 27 EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland, Canada, United States of America (now also Australia & Japan)•7 comparative research partners worked on policy indicators•100+ national independent legal experts answer and peer review, all based on policies passed by 31 May 2010

www.mipex.eu/use & /blog

Key Findings

Average @ ≈50%: Political will counts, more than tradition

+1: Slow progress

Few fact-based changes

Monitor statistics (esp. emp. & edu.), but evaluate policy impact?

Key Findings

Policies more similar and strong with EU law

1) ACCESS• Immediate access to employment• Private sector• Public sector• Immediate access to Self-employment• Self-employment sectors

2) ACCESS TO GENERAL SUPPORT• Public employment services• Access to education, vocational training, study grants• Recognition of non-EU qualifications

3) TARGETED SUPPORT• Facilitation of recognition procedures• Labour market integration measures• Measures for migrant women & youth• Support to access public employment services

4) WORKERS’ RIGHTS• Unions & negotiation bodies• Social Security• Working conditions• Information on migrant workers’ rights

Labour Market Mobility:Indicators

Labour marketmobility

Labour market mobility: Not yet slightly favourable

CA & US lead with Nordics and labour migration countriesEqual treatment, better targeted measures

↑ in 10↓ in IE, MT, NO

New migration countries catch up on access & general support, with EU norms

Large migration countries get better on weak targeted support (ES, PT, AT, DK, CA)

2) ACCESS TO GENERAL SUPPORT↑ Public employment services (equal access as nationals, except for unemployed)↑ Access to education & training (equal for all workers, except fees, conditions, grants)↑ Recognition of non-EU qualifications (equal access as nationals)

4) WORKERS’ RIGHTS↑ Unions & negotiation bodies (equal access)↑ Social Security (equal access, except for some cases of unemployed)↑ Working conditions (equal access)↑ Information on migrant workers’ rights (regularly updated information)

Prospective Impact: Single Residence &

Work Permit

Nearly all MS ↑, cut in half gap between EU15 & EU12

Major reforms(↑ ≈20 pts) make general support & rights favourable for societal integration (scoring ≈ 80/100)

≈8 pts ↑ on labour market mobility, now overall ‘slightly’ favourable

1) ACCESS• Pre-primary education• Compulsory education as legal right• Assessment of prior learning• Support to access secondary education• Vocational training• Higher education• Advice and guidance

2) TARGETING NEEDS• Induction programmes• Support in language(s) of instruction• Pupil monitoring• Targeted technical and financial assistance• Teacher training on migrants’ needs

3) NEW OPPORTUNITIES• Option to learn immigrant languages• Option to learn about immigrant cultures• Promoting social integration & monitoring segregation• Support to parents and communities

4) INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION• Inclusion in curriculum• State supports information initiatives• Modifying curricula to reflect diversity• Adapting daily life• Bringing migrants into teaching staff• Teacher training on intercultural education

Education:Indicators

Countries rarely see and address needs & opportunities of new diverse generation

Nordic ‘Mainstreaming’USA Targeting Needs CA, AU multiculturalism benefits all studentsPT incremental but central approach

EducationEU Area of Weakness

Education Country comparison

• Equal access in compulsory (most)

• Equal access in all (1/2)• Few targeted measures

re: access• Few legal entitlements &

standards re: needs• Immigrant languages, but

not for all• Few systems to diversify

schools/teachers• Uneven support for

intercultural education